HOTS Questions: Getting to Know Plants | Class 6: Additional Practice PDF Download

Q1: Name the plant parts that perform following functions
(i) Anchoring
Ans: The plant part that performs the function of anchoring is the root. Roots grow underground and provide stability to the plant by anchoring it in the soil. They also absorb water and nutrients from the soil.

(ii) Transpiration
Ans: The plant part that performs the function of transpiration is the leaf. Transpiration is the process through which water vapor is lost from the surface of the leaves into the atmosphere. It helps in the movement of water from the roots to the leaves and also cools the plant.

(iii) Conduction
Ans: The plant part that performs the function of conduction is the stem. The stem acts as a conduit for transporting water, nutrients, and food materials between the roots and the leaves. It also provides support to the plant.

(iv) Reproduction
Ans: The plant part that performs the function of reproduction is the flower. Flowers contain reproductive structures such as male and female parts (stamen and pistil) that are involved in the process of sexual reproduction in plants.

Q2: What do you call the following two section;
(i) If cut across.
Ans: This section is called a transverse section. A transverse section is obtained by cutting the plant perpendicular to its main axis, creating a cross-sectional view.

(ii) If cut along the parts of plant.
Ans: This section is called a longitudinal section. A longitudinal section is obtained by cutting the plant parallel to its main axis, providing a view along the length of the plant.

Q3: Differentiate Herbs, Shrubs and Trees.
Ans: 

• Herbs: Herbs are plants with a soft, non-woody stem. They are usually short in height and have a relatively short life cycle. Examples include spinach, mint, and basil.
• Shrubs: Shrubs are small to medium-sized plants with multiple stems arising from the base. They have a woody stem but are generally shorter than trees. Examples include rose bushes and hibiscus.
• Trees: Trees are large, woody plants with a single main stem called a trunk. They are tall and have a well-defined stem structure. Trees generally have a longer life cycle compared to herbs and shrubs. Examples include oak, pine, and mango trees.

Q4: Give terms for the following.
(i) Green leaves make food by this process.
Ans: The process by which green leaves make food is called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose (a form of sugar) and oxygen.

(ii) Water vapor loss through leaves.
Ans: The loss of water vapor from the surface of leaves is called transpiration. Transpiration helps in the movement of water from the roots to the leaves and also cools the plant.

Q5: List the ingredients needed for photosynthesis.
Ans: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce their own food using sunlight. The ingredients needed for photosynthesis are:

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂): It is obtained from the air through tiny pores called stomata on the leaves.
• Water (H₂O): It is absorbed by the roots from the soil and transported to the leaves through the stem.
• Sunlight: Solar energy is captured by the chlorophyll pigment present in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
• Chlorophyll: This green pigment is present in chloroplasts and is essential for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy.

Q6: Mention types of roots and types of venation and find their correlation.
Ans:

• Types of Roots: The two main types of roots are taproots and fibrous roots. Taproots are thick and main primary roots that grow vertically downward, like in carrots. Fibrous roots are thin and numerous, originating from the base of the stem, like in grasses.
• Types of Venation: The two main types of venation in leaves are parallel venation and reticulate venation. Parallel venation features veins running parallel to each other, as seen in grass leaves. Reticulate venation features a branching network of veins, as seen in most dicot leaves.
• Correlation: The correlation between root types and venation types lies in the plant's classification. Typically, plants with taproots have reticulate venation, and plants with fibrous roots have parallel venation. This correlation is not universal, but it's a general trend observed in many plants.

Q7: List the essential and non-essential parts of flower with respect of reproduction in plants.
Ans: Essential Parts of a Flower (Reproductive Organs):

• Stamen: The male reproductive part of the flower consists of the filament and anther. The anther produces pollen grains.
• Pistil/Carpel: The female reproductive part of the flower consists of the stigma, style, and ovary. The ovary contains ovules, which develop into seeds upon fertilization.

Non-Essential Parts of a Flower (Accessories):

• Sepals: These are the outermost floral parts that protect the developing bud. Collectively, they form the calyx.
• Petals: These are often brightly colored parts that attract pollinators. Collectively, they form the corolla.