Haryana Judiciary - 2 | HPSC Preparation: All subjects - HPSC (Haryana) PDF Download

District and Sessions Court:

• Each district in Haryana has two courts: District Court for civil cases and Sessions Court for criminal cases.
• These courts are established by the State Government and presided over by judges appointed by the Governor in consultation with the High Court.
• Haryana judicial service includes Haryana Civil Judicial Service and Higher Judicial Service.
• All District and Sessions Courts in Haryana are under the control of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana.

Revenue Court:

• Deals with land revenue cases and related disputes in the state.
• Each district has a Revenue Court, with the highest being the Board of Revenue.
• Includes the Court of Commissioners, Collectors, Tehsildars, and Sub-Tehsildars.

Family Court:

• Established in every state under the Family Courts Act, 1984.
• Hears cases related to family matters, domestic relationships, and marriage proceedings.
• Appeals against Family Court judgments can only be made in the High Court.

State Administrative Tribunal:

• Quasi-judicial institution set up to handle pending cases from various courts, particularly those related to taxes and administrative issues.
• Aims to reduce workloads and expedite decisions.
• Governed by the Haryana Administrative Tribunal Rules, 2017.

State Legal Services Authority:

• Set up under the Legal Services Authority Act 1987, with enforcement starting from November 9, 1995.
• Headed by the Chief Justice of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana, with a senior judge as the Executive Chairman.
• State Legal Services Authority in Haryana is located in Chandigarh and operates at different levels, including the High Court, district level, and sub-divisions.

Lok Adalats:

• Established under Article 39(A) of the Directive Principles of State Policy.
• Given statutory status under the Legal Services Authorities Act 1987.
• Functions as Civil Courts, with final judgments that cannot be appealed.
• Permanent Lok Adalats exist in 11 districts of Haryana, handling long-pending civil and certain criminal cases.

Commercial Courts:

• Created under the Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act 2015.
• Haryana has a Special Commercial Court in Gurugram, established on October 27, 2017, with jurisdiction across the entire state.

Environmental Courts:

• Specifically handle cases involving violations of environmental laws.
• Haryana has set up two environmental courts in Faridabad and Kurukshetra, each with defined jurisdictions.

District Consumer Courts:

• Established under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, and later modified by the Consumer Protection Act 2019.
• Haryana has Consumer Redressal Cells and Consumer Forums in each district (except Charki-Dadri).
• Post-2019, these courts can handle cases up to 1 crore.

Advocate General:

• Appointed by the Governor of the state under Article 165 of the Indian Constitution.
• Qualifications include being a citizen of India, practicing law for 10 years or more, or serving as a judge in the High Court for a minimum of 10 years.
• The Advocate General advises the State Government, attends State Legislative Assembly meetings without voting rights, and Babu Anand Swarup was the first Advocate General of Haryana.