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Class 8 History Chapter 2 Important Question Answers - From Trade to Territory

Q1: What was the impact of the Royal Charter granted to the East India Company in 1600? 

Ans: The Royal Charter granted the East India Company the sole right to trade with the East, eliminating competition from other English trading companies.

Q2: How did the competition among European companies in India lead to conflicts and battles? 

Ans: The competition among European companies, seeking the same goods, raised prices, leading to conflicts and battles as they tried to eliminate rival competitors.

Q3: Explain the events that led to the Battle of Plassey in 1757. 

Ans: After the death of Alivardi Khan, the Nawab of Bengal, Sirajuddaulah, opposed the East India Company's influence. The conflict escalated, leading to the Battle of Plassey in 1757.

Q4: What role did Mir Jafar play in the Battle of Plassey, and how did it contribute to the Company's victory? 

Ans: Mir Jafar, one of Sirajuddaulah’s commanders, betrayed him and supported the Company, ensuring their victory in the Battle of Plassey.

Q5: How did the British justify the annexation of Indian states under the Doctrine of Lapse? 

Ans: The Doctrine of Lapse declared that if an Indian ruler died without a male heir, his kingdom would become a part of Company territory. This was used to justify annexations.

Q6: What factors led to the direct military confrontation between the East India Company and Mysore under Tipu Sultan? 

Ans: Trade restrictions, alliances with the French, and modernization of the army under Tipu Sultan led to direct military confrontation with the East India Company.

Q7: Explain the impact of the Battle of Seringapatam on Mysore and Tipu Sultan. 

Ans: The Battle of Seringapatam resulted in Tipu Sultan's death, Mysore being placed under the Wodeyars, and the imposition of a subsidiary alliance on the state.

Q8: How did the Company expand its influence in Indian states after the Battle of Buxar in 1764? 

Ans: The Company appointed Residents and used political, economic, and diplomatic methods to interfere in the internal affairs of Indian states, often imposing subsidiary alliances.

Q9: What was the significance of the Battle of Panipat in 1761 for the Marathas? 

Ans: The defeat in the Battle of Panipat shattered the Marathas' dream of ruling from Delhi, leading to their division into many states under different chiefs.

Q10: How did the Company's policy of "paramountcy" contribute to its territorial expansion? 

Ans: The policy of "paramountcy" claimed the Company's authority as supreme over Indian states, justifying annexations to protect its interests.

Q11: Discuss the impact of steam technology on the East India Company's transformation into a territorial colonial power. 

Ans: Steam technology reduced travel time to India, aiding the Company's transformation into a territorial colonial power by facilitating quicker communication and control.

Q12: What administrative reforms were introduced by Warren Hastings in the late 18th century? 

Ans: Warren Hastings introduced administrative reforms, including the establishment of two courts in each district, a new system of justice, and the creation of the Supreme Court.

Q13: How did the East India Company army change in the early 19th century, and what challenges did this transformation pose? Ans: The Company army underwent European-style training, drill, and discipline, posing challenges as it ignored caste and community feelings among soldiers.

Q14: Explain the significance of the Revolt of 1857 in understanding the sepoys' reactions to changes in their lives and identity. Ans: The Revolt of 1857 provides insights into how the sepoys reacted to changes in their lives and identity as they were subjected to European-style training and discipline.

Q15: How did the arrival of steam technology impact the East India Company's control over India by 1857? Ans: The arrival of steam technology reduced travel time to India, enabling more Britishers to come, and by 1857, the East India Company exercised direct rule over a significant portion of the Indian subcontinent.

The document Class 8 History Chapter 2 Important Question Answers - From Trade to Territory is a part of the Class 8 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 8.
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FAQs on Class 8 History Chapter 2 Important Question Answers - From Trade to Territory

1. What were the main reasons for the expansion of British trade in India during the 18th century?
Ans.The main reasons for the expansion of British trade in India included the demand for Indian textiles, spices, and other goods in Europe. The British East India Company played a significant role by establishing trading posts and monopolizing trade routes, which facilitated the import of these valuable commodities.
2. How did the British East India Company establish control over Indian territories?
Ans.The British East India Company established control over Indian territories through a combination of military power, strategic alliances, and exploitation of local conflicts. They took advantage of the declining Mughal Empire and used diplomacy and warfare to gain control over various regions.
3. What role did the Battle of Plassey play in British colonial expansion in India?
Ans.The Battle of Plassey, fought in 1757, was a decisive victory for the British East India Company against Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal. This battle marked the beginning of British dominance in India, allowing the Company to gain control over Bengal, which was a rich and lucrative territory.
4. How did the British exploit the resources of India during their rule?
Ans.The British exploited India's resources by establishing a colonial economy that focused on extracting raw materials. They introduced cash crops like cotton and indigo, which were exported to Britain, while depleting local agricultural practices and leading to economic hardships for Indian farmers.
5. What were the social and cultural impacts of British rule in India?
Ans.The social and cultural impacts of British rule in India included the introduction of Western education, legal systems, and infrastructure development. However, it also led to cultural changes, the decline of traditional practices, and resistance movements as Indians sought to reclaim their heritage and rights.
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