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Infographics: Acids, Base and Salts | Science Olympiad Class 7 PDF Download
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FAQs on Infographics: Acids, Base and Salts - Science Olympiad Class 7
| 1. What are acids and how do they differ from bases? |  |
Ans. Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water. They have a sour taste, can turn blue litmus paper red, and usually have a pH less than 7. Bases, on the other hand, release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in water. They have a bitter taste, feel slippery, and can turn red litmus paper blue, with a pH greater than 7. The main difference lies in their chemical behavior and pH levels.
| 2. What are examples of common acids and bases found in everyday life? | |
Ans. Common acids include citric acid (found in citrus fruits), acetic acid (found in vinegar), and hydrochloric acid (found in stomach acid). Common bases include sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), sodium hydroxide (lye), and ammonia (found in cleaning products). These substances are often used in cooking, cleaning, and various industrial processes.
| 3. How do salts form from acids and bases? | |
Ans. Salts form through a chemical reaction known as neutralization, where an acid reacts with a base. During this reaction, the hydrogen ions from the acid combine with the hydroxide ions from the base to form water, while the remaining ions from both substances form a salt. For example, when hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the result is sodium chloride (NaCl), which is common table salt.
| 4. What is the pH scale and how does it relate to acids and bases? | |
Ans. The pH scale is a measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, meaning the solution is neither acidic nor basic. Values below 7 indicate acidity, with lower numbers indicating stronger acids, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity, with higher numbers indicating stronger bases. The pH scale helps to classify substances based on their acid-base properties.
| 5. Why is it important to understand the properties of acids, bases, and salts? | |
Ans. Understanding the properties of acids, bases, and salts is essential for various reasons. It helps in everyday tasks such as cooking and cleaning, ensures safety when handling chemicals, and is crucial in scientific fields such as chemistry and biology. Knowledge of these substances also plays a significant role in environmental science, agriculture, and medicine, where pH levels can affect soil quality, plant growth, and biological processes.
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