Introduction: N.T.R District | APPSC State Specific Preparation Course - APPSC (Andhra Pradesh) PDF Download

N.T.R District Profile

• NTR District was recently proposed as a district and was named NTR District in honor of Sri Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao Garu, who served as Chief Minister of Combined Andhra Pradesh three times. The district headquarters is located in Vijayawada, previously known as Bezawada.
• The district is divided into 20 Mandals across three Revenue Divisions: Vijayawada, Nandigama, and Tiruvuru. It falls under the Upland Zone, characterized by undulating terrain broken by low ranges of the Eastern Ghats. Tanks are the primary source of irrigation in the upland, supplemented by water from Nagarjuna Sagar. Additionally, canal systems from the Krishna River irrigate the delta lands.
• The district's population stands at 2,218,591, comprising 305 inhabited villages and 16 uninhabited villages. There are four Municipalities: Tiruvuru, Nandigama, Jaggayyapeta, Ibrahimpatnam, and one Municipal Corporation in Vijayawada.
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Physical Characteristics

• Latitude: The region is situated between approximately 16° 86' N and 17° 14' N.
• Longitude: The longitude ranges from about 15° 71' E to 16° 47' E.
• Area: The total area of the district spans around 3316 square kilometers.

Boundaries

• East: It shares its border with Eluru district.
• West: Adjacent to Guntur and Nalgonda districts.
• North: Borders with Khammam district.
• South: Southern boundary adjoining Krishna district.

Rivers

• The prominent river flowing through the district is the Krishna River, which serves as a vital water source for irrigation. It courses through both upland and delta regions, benefiting agriculture.
• Several tributaries including Muniyeru, Budameru, and Tammileru significantly contribute to irrigation and groundwater resources.
• Muniyeru, a key tributary of the Krishna River, flows from north to south, serving as an essential irrigation source for Jaggaiahpeta and Nandigama taluks.
• Budameru, another important stream, traverses multiple mandals before emptying into Kolleru Lake, playing a crucial role in agriculture by feeding irrigation tanks and supporting lift irrigation systems.

Climate and Rainfall

• Tropical climate conditions prevail in the district, characterized by extremely hot summers and cold winters. The hottest months are from April to June, with May experiencing high temperatures.
• The monsoon typically arrives in mid-June and lasts until the middle of October, bringing substantial rainfall. The district receives an average annual rainfall of 1035.1 M.M, with about two-thirds of it coming from the South West monsoon. In 2019-20, the recorded average rainfall was 761.00 M.M.

Soils

There are three main types of soils in the district:

• Black soil: This type accounts for 57.6% of the villages.
• Sandy Clay-loams: Constituting 22.3% of the villages.
• Red loamy soil: Found in 19.4% of the villages.
• A small percentage of sandy soils, approximately 0.7%, are located along the sea coast.

Agriculture

• With its diverse range of soils, the district holds a significant position in the realm of Agriculture, which stands out as the primary occupation. The cultivation of paddy serves as the cornerstone of agricultural activities.
• During the 2019-20 period, the district witnessed a gross cropped area totaling 2.15 Lakh Hectares, out of which 1.08 lakh Hectares were under irrigation.

Transport and Communications

• The district boasts well-established road and railway networks, ensuring efficient connectivity. A total of 321 villages, including several major hamlets, benefit from these transportation facilities.
• The city of Vijayawada serves as a pivotal commercial hub within the district, with an extensive transport infrastructure. Moreover, it serves as a critical railway junction linking major cities such as Delhi, Calcutta, Madras, Hubli, Gudivada, and Machilipatnam.
• Furthermore, the presence of an Aerodrome located approximately 16 kilometers away in Gannavaram enhances the district's accessibility and connectivity.

Literacy

• NTR District has achieved a literacy rate of 74.43% based on the 2011 census. This region excels in the realm of education, with primary schools present in nearly all villages. Notably, NTR Medical University is situated in Vijayawada.

Mineral Sources

• Chromate: The Kondapally hills and surrounding areas are known sources of chromate.
• Diamond deposits can be found in locations such as Paritala, Ustepalls, Kodavatikallu, Ramannapet, Uryavaram, Kothapet, Nemalipuram, Mugaluru, and Putrela.
• Iron ore: The area around Jaggayyapet is recognized for its iron ore reserves.
• Lime Stone: Jaggayyapet area.
• Mica deposits are found in the Tiruvuru area.

In response to the high demand for chromate by the Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, it is advisable to conduct thorough explorations to evaluate the quality and quantity of reserves available.
Regarding diamonds, the Geological Survey of India is actively assessing the potential diamond deposits in the ferrous gravels of Paritala and other regions.
The mining of iron ore in the Jaggayapeta area has significantly reduced, with most of the reserves already extracted and exported, leading to the closure of mining operations.