Introduction and Types: Venn Diagram | General Intelligence and Reasoning for SSC CGL PDF Download

Logical Venn Diagram

Venn Diagram

Types of Questions

Type #1:
Identification of Venn Diagram

In this type of questions, we deal with different types of cases which are as follows:
Case (I) If two separate groups of items are completely unrelated to each other but they are all completely included in the third group, then the relationships can be diagrammatically shown as in the given example.
Q1: Vehicle, Car Bus
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

Bus and car are entirely different but both are vehicles.

Q2: Hospital, Nurse, Patient
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

Nurse and patient are entirely different but both are present in hospital.

Case (II) When two groups of items have some common relationship and both of them are completely included in the third group, the relationships are shown by two smaller intersecting circle in a third large circle.
Q3: Lawyers, Teacher, Educated
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows
Some lawyers are teachers and some teachers are lawyers but all lawyers and teachers are educated.

Case (III) If one item belongs completely to the class of second while, third item is entirely different from the two, then they may be represented by the given below diagram in the example.
Q4: Engineers, Human Beings, Rats
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

We know that, all engineers are human beings but rats are entirely different from both of these.

Case (IV) If one group of items is partly included in the second group of items and the third group is completely unrelated to these two groups, then their relationship is diagrammatically show as in the following example.
Q5: Wire, Copper, Paper
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

Show wires are made of copper but paper is entirely different.

Case (V) If one item belongs to the class of second and the third item is partly related to these two, then their relationships is as shown in the following example..
Q6: Female, Mother, Doctors
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

All mothers are females but some females and some mothers can be doctors. So, the circle representing doctors would intersect both of the two concentric circles.
Q7: Doctor, Educated, Employed
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

All the doctors are educated but some are employed.

Case (VI) If one item belongs to the class of second and the third item is partly related to the second, then their relationship is as shown in the following example.
Q8: Male, Fathers, Children
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

All fathers are males. This would be represented by two concentric circles but some males are children and children cannot be fathers.

Case (VII) If the items evidently belong to three different groups, then they are represented by three non-intersecting circles.
Q9: Doctors, Lawyers, Engineers.
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

These three have no relationship between each other.
So, they are represented by three disjoint circles.

Case (VIII) If one item belongs to the class of second and the second belongs to the class of third, then they are represented by three concentric circles.
Q10: Second, Minutes, Hours
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

Clearly, hour consists of minutes and minutes consists of seconds.

Case (IX) If two items are partly related to the third and are themselves independent of each other, then they are represented by three intersecting circle in a line.
Q11: Dogs, Pets, Cats
Venn diagram would be as follows

Clearly, some dogs and some cats are pets. But all the pets are not dogs or cats. Also dogs and cats are not related to each other.

Case (X) If the three are partly related to each other, then they are represented as shown in the following example.
Q12: Married, Women, Teachers
Sol:  Venn diagram would be as follows

Some women are teachers. Some women are married. Some teachers are married. Some married women are teachers..

Type #2:
Analysis of Venn Diagram

In this type of questions, generally a Venn diagram comprising of different geometrical figures is given. Each geometrical figure in the diagram represents a certain class. The candidate is required to study and analyse the figure carefully and then answer the given questions based on it.

Directions: (QNos. 13-14) Study the following diagram to answer these questions.

Q13: Find out the number, that lies inside all the figures.
(a) 2
(b) 5  
(c) 9
(d) No such number is there
Ans: (a)
Such number should belong to all three figures, i.e. circle, rectangle and triangle. There is only one number, i.e. 2 which belongs to all three figures.

Q14: What are the number that lie inside any two figures?
(a) 2, 1
(b) 5, 1  
(c) 5, 9
(d) 9, 1
Ans: (b)
Such numbers are 5 and 1 because 5 lies inside the triangle and circle. And, 1 lies inside the circle and rectangle.

Directions: (QNos. 15-16) Study the figure given below carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Q15: Which part shows Literate Males, who are Doctors?
(a) G
(b) E  
(c) D
(d) F
Ans: (b)
 To depict the required part, the figure should show the region common to all the three diagrams, i.e. E. E shows literate Males, who are Doctors.

Q16: Which part shows Males, who are neither Doctor nor Literate?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
Ans: (c)
To depict the required part, the figure should show the region common to only rectangle, i.e. C. C shows Males, who are neither Doctor nor Literate.

Q17: Which one of the areas marked I-VII represents the urban educated who are not hard working?

(a) II
(b) I
(c) IV
(d) V
Ans: (c)
The area which represents the urban educated who are not hard working lies outside the square but common to triangle and circle, i.e. IV.