Introduction to Agriculture Video Lecture - Class 8

agriculture types of farming cropping
pattern mess on crops
agriculture is a primary activity which
produces not only the food we eat but
raw material for various industries so
let us try to understand about
agriculture in India
types of farming
farming varies from subsistence to
commercial type
primitive subsistence farming
this type of farming depends upon
monsoon natural fertility of soil and
suitability of other environmental
conditions
slash-and-burn agriculture farmers clear
a patch of land and produce cereals and
other food crops to sustain their family
when the soil fertility decreases
farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of
land for cultivation
this type of shifting allows nature to
replenish the fertility of the soil
through natural processes land
productivity in this type of
Agriculture's is low as the farmer does
not use fertilizers or other modern
input
it is known by different names in
different parts of the country example
zooming in north eastern states
daheia in Madhya Pradesh Kumari in
western cards etc
intensive subsistence farming
it is labor intensive farming where high
doses of biochemical inputs and
irrigations are used for obtaining
higher production
commercial farming
the main characteristics of this type of
farming is the use of higher doses of
modern inputs example higher yielding
where IT hy-vee seeds chemical
fertilizer insecticides and pesticides
in order to obtain higher productivity
in Plantation a single crop is grown on
a large area
India P in Assam coffee in Karnataka are
mainly grown in these states here
processing industries and market bigger
provision
dropping pattern
India has three cropping seasons Robbie
Karif and diet
rubba crops are sown in winter from
October to December and harvested in
April to June some of the important Rabi
crops are wheat barley peas Graham and
mustard
Punjab Haryana Himachal Pradesh and
Uttar Pradesh are important for the
producing of wheat and other Rabi crops
Karif crops are grown in monsoon in
different parts of the country and
harvested in September to October
paddy means jute turn groundnut soya
bean are some of the examples
Essam West Bengal coastal regions of
Orissa
Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu Kerala and
Maharashtra Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are
Karif crops producing states
in between the rubbery and the Karif
seasons there is a shot season during
the summer months known as the zyyd
season some of the crops are watermelon
musk melon cucumber etc
you
let us know more about the major crops
in India
rice it is a Karif crop which requires
high temperature above 25 degree Celsius
and high humidity the annual rainfall
above 100 centimeter
rice is grown in north and north eastern
India coastal areas and Deltek regions
kennel irrigation and tube wells have
made it possible to grow rice in areas
of less rainfall such as a job Haryana
and western Uttar Pradesh and parts of
Rajasthan
huit it requires a cool growing season
and a bright sunshine at the time of
writing it requires 50 to 75 centimeter
of annual rainfall evenly distributed
over the growing season
the major bead producing states are
Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh Bihar
Rajasthan and parts of Madhya Pradesh
millets jawar bhadra and raggy are the
important millets grown in India
jawar is the third most important food
crop with respect to area and production
it is a rain-fed crop mostly grown in
the most areas which hardly needs
irrigation Maharashtra is the largest
producer of jawar followed by Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh
Bhadra grows well on sandy soil and
shallow black soil Rajasthan is the
largest producer of Bhadra followed by
Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Gujarat and
Haryana
Reggie is a crop of dry regions and
grows well on red black sandy loam II
and shallow black soils Karnataka is the
largest producer of raggy
followed by Tamil Nadu
mieze
is a Karif crop which requires
temperature between 21 degrees Celsius
to 27 degrees Celsius and grows well an
old alluvial soil
major Mays producing states are
Karnataka Uttar Pradesh Bihar Andhra
Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh
pulses these are the major source of
protein and our vegetarian diet major
pulses are turn her her blood moon
muscle peas and gram
pulsus need less moisture meter pulse
producing states in India are Mata
Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Maharashtra and Karnataka
sugar cane sugar cane grows well in hot
and humid climate with a temperature of
21 degrees Celsius to 27 degrees Celsius
and an annual rainfall between 75
centimeter and 100 centimeter it is the
main source of sugar girl jaggery can
Surry and molasses
Iger sugarcane producing states are
Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Karnataka
Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh Bihar Punjab
and Haryana
mean oil seeds produced in India are
groundnut mustard sessom soya bean
coconut cotton seeds linseed and
sunflower most of these are edible and
used as cooking mediums
however some of these are also used as
raw material in the production of soap
cosmetic and altman's
groundnut is a Karif crop andhra pradesh
is the largest producer of groundnut
followed by Tamil Nadu Karnataka Gujarat
and Maharashtra
tea the plant grows well in tropical
climates with deep and fertile
well-drained soil rich in humors and
organic matter
measure reproducing states are Assam
West Bengal the mature Pradesh kerala
andhra pradesh etc
coffee cultivation was introduced on the
Bob abuddin heels and even today its
cultivation confined to the Nilgiri in
Karnataka Kerala and Tamil Nadu
India is the largest producer of fruits
and vegetables in the world
angles of maharashtra bananas of kerala
lychee and gova of Uttar Pradesh and
Bihar
pineapples of mahalia oranges of not
pull grapes of Andhra Pradesh and
Maharashtra
apples pears apricots and walnuts of
Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh
are in great demand the world over
India produces about 13% of the world's
vegetable it is an important producer of
pea cauliflower onion cabbage tomato
brinjal and potato
rubber grown in tropical and subtropical
areas
it requires moist and humid climate with
rainfall of more than 200 centimeter and
temperature above 25 degree Celsius
rubber is mainly grown in Kerala Tamil
Nadu and under man and Nicobar
cotton cotton is one of the main raw
materials for cotton textile industry
cotton grows well in drier parts of the
black cotton soil of the DECA Platteview
requires high temperature light rainfall
or irrigation 210 frost-free days and
bright sunshine for its growth
it is a Karif crop and requires six to
eight months to mature
major cotton-producing states are
Maharashtra Gujarat Madhya Pradesh
Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Tamil Nadu and
job Haryana and Uttar Pradesh
Jude grows well on well-drained fertile
soils in the foot planes were soils are
reviewed every year high temperature is
required during the time of growth
West Bengal Bihar Assam Orissa and
mahalia are the major jute producing
states
you