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FAQs on Ionic equilibrium Practice set - 4 - Additional Documents & Tests for IIT JAM

1. What is ionic equilibrium?
Ans. Ionic equilibrium refers to the state of balance between the ions in a chemical solution. It occurs when there is an equal rate of formation and dissociation of ions. In this equilibrium, the concentrations of the ions remain constant over time.
2. Why is understanding ionic equilibrium important in the IIT JAM exam?
Ans. Understanding ionic equilibrium is crucial in the IIT JAM exam as it forms a significant part of the syllabus, particularly in the Physical Chemistry section. Questions related to ionic equilibrium can range from calculating equilibrium constants to determining pH values, and having a solid understanding of this concept is essential for scoring well in the exam.
3. How can I determine the equilibrium constant for a given ionic equilibrium?
Ans. The equilibrium constant (Kc) for a given ionic equilibrium can be determined by writing the balanced chemical equation for the equilibrium reaction and then applying the law of mass action. The equilibrium constant expression is obtained by dividing the molar concentrations of the products by the molar concentrations of the reactants, each raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.
4. What are the factors that affect the equilibrium position in an ionic equilibrium?
Ans. Several factors can influence the equilibrium position in an ionic equilibrium, including temperature, concentration, and pressure. Increasing the temperature generally shifts the equilibrium in the direction of the endothermic reaction, while increasing the concentration of reactants or decreasing the concentration of products can also shift the equilibrium towards the products.
5. Can you provide an example of an ionic equilibrium and explain how to calculate the pH?
Ans. Sure! Let's consider the dissociation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water: HCl(aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + Cl-(aq). To calculate the pH of this solution, you need to determine the concentration of H+ ions. Since HCl is a strong acid, it completely dissociates, meaning the concentration of H+ ions is equal to the initial concentration of HCl. If the initial concentration of HCl is 0.1 M, then the concentration of H+ ions is also 0.1 M. Taking the negative logarithm of the H+ concentration gives the pH, which in this case is pH = -log(0.1) = 1.
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