Languages and Literature of Madhya Pradesh | Course for MPPSC Preparation - MPPSC (Madhya Pradesh) PDF Download

Languages of MP

• Hindi is the State language of Madhya Pradesh. State of Madhya Pradesh was home of a number of population related to prominent Maratha states.
• Thus, Marathi and Urdu are spoken by a substantial number of populations in this centre state of India.
• Local Madhya Pradesh languageincludes Marathi since Madhya Pradesh is home to most of the Marathi people that live outside Maharashtra.
• Languages spoken in Madhya Pradesh includes in a number of variants and regional dialects.
• Most of the regional variants spoken in Madhya Pradesh are dialects of Hindi and stimulated through other related languages.
• Some most known dialects of the states are Malvi, Nimadi, Bundeli, Bagheli and southeastern Hindi.
• These dialects are given name according to their area and regions like Malvi is spoken in Malwa, Nimadi in Nimar, Bundeli in Bundelkhand and so on.

Official Language

• Being the dominant language in the state, Hindi is the official language of Madhya Pradesh.
• Main language of Madhya Pradesh is Hinda as 90% people living in Madhya Pradesh speak Hindi.
• It is not due to heavy Hindu population since most of the minorities such as Muslim and Sikhs use Hindi as their primary language.
• Hindi is used as primary language in commerce, education and courtship also. English is considered as second language in all these sectors.
• However in commercial world, most of entities use English as primary language except governmental languages.

Local Languages

• Regardless of Hindi being the official language of Madhya Pradesh, there are a sufficient number of peoples writing and understanding other local languages of Madhya pradesh than Hindi, such as Marathi, Urdu, English and local dialects derived from Hindi as a base.
• Nearly every one of the outers never have a problem while communicating with local people since Hindi being the primary language that is also the national and scheduled language of India.

Dialects

Malvi or Malwi

• It is spoken in Malwa region of central India in state of Madhya Pradesh. It is spoken by almost ten million peoples.
• Almost 75% of population can speak Hindi as well. It is spoken in Ujjain, Indore, Dewas, Shajapur, Sehore, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Rajgarh and Sondhwadi.

Neemadi

• It is an indo-aryan language spoken mainly in nimar. Nimar is located in south of malwa that is adjacent to Maharashtra.
• It is extensively spoken in districts of Barwani, Khandwa, Barwaha, Khargone, Burhanpur, Bedia, Sanawad, Dhar, Hadra and Southern Dewas.

Bundeli

• It is spoken in bundelkhand that is southern region of Madhya Pradesh and also covers some of Uttar Pradesh. Bundeli is closely related to Braj Bhasha.
• Bagheli
• It is spoken in northeastern region of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. This particular area of Madhya Pradesh is known is baghelkhand, according to which, the dialect is given its name

Literature of MP

Famous writer of MP

• India is a land of rich heritage, and in it have been born numerous great authors and poets who are famous world over. While some have got critical acclaim on a larger scale, some remained unknown till long after their deaths.

Hindi and Urdu literature

• Nathuram Premi
• Ramkumar Verma
• Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh
• Harishankar Parsai
• Sharad Joshi
• Rahat Indori
• Rajneesh
• Bihari Lal
• Abdul Qavi Desnavi
• Rahat Indori
• Kaif Bhopali
• Uday Prakash
• Seth Govind Das
• Hari Krishna Devsare
• Nida Fazli
• Anupam Mishra
• Balachandra Shastri
• Bhagwat Rawat
• vidya shah
• Mrinal Pande
• Vagish Shastri
• Khurram Murad
• Bhagwan Datt Sharma

Makhallal Chaturvedi

• Born in Babai village in the Hoshan Languages and Literature of Madhya Pradesh district of present Madhya Pradesh in the year 1889, Pandit Makhanlal Chaturvedi was a writer, essayist, poet, playwright and journalist. He was an exceptional child, so much so that he became a school teacher when he was as young as 16 years.
• He grew on to become the editor of Prabha, Pratap and Karmaveer, which were all nationalist journals.
• As a journalist in the British era, and even in the post-independence era, Panditji – as he was fondly called – kept using his pen to fight against exploitation and for an equal society.
• Among his popular works are Deep Se Deep Jale, Sahitya Devata, Yug Charan, Kaisa Chhand Banaa Deti Hai, as well as many more.
• Him Taringini won him the first ever Sahitya Akademi Award for Hindi writing, in the year 1955. He was also awarded a Padma Bhushan in the year 1963.
• In the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, the journalism college has been named in his honour.
• Also in his honour, the Madhya Pradesh Cultural Council (Madhya Pradesh Sahitya Akademi) hosts an annual program called Makhanlal Chaturvedi Samaroh since the year 1987.
• Poets are awarded for their excellence in poetry and conferred the Makhanlal Chaturvedi Puraskar. Panditji breathed his last in 1968 at the age of 78.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

• Born in Gwalior on December 25 1921, Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the 10th Prime Minister of India.
• He held office twice, once for 13 days in 1996 and then from 1998 to 2004.
• He was also the first prime minister to serve full term, not being a part of the INC.
• A parliamentarian for most of his life, Vajpayee is known more for his love for literature and his skills in the art.
• He has numerous social and political works in his name, including Bindu-bindu vicara (1997), Decisive Days (1999), and Heal the Wounds: Vajpayee’s Appeal on Assam Tragedy to the Parliament (1983).
• He has authored four books – India’s foreign policy: New dimensions (1977), Assam problem: Repression no solution (1981), Atal Bihari Vaj mem tina dasaka (1992), Pradhanamantri Atala Bihari Vajapeyi, chune hue bhashana (2000) and Values, vision & verses of Vajpayee: India’s man of destiny (2001).
• He has also always been passionate about poetry and his poems are widely appreciated.
• There are seven books of poetry by Vajpayee, two of which – Nayi Disha and Samvedna – were converted into albums by Late Jagjit Singh.
• He is extremely well-loved throughout the country and his accomplishments both in literature as well as politics are unparalleled.

Rahat Indori

• A famous Urdu poet and a well established Bollywood lyricist, Rahat Indori was born in Indore in 1950.
• Born to a cloth mill worker, Rahat Indori went on to complete his MA in Urdu from Barkatullah University in Bhopal.
• 10 years later, he gained his PhD in Urdu literature in 1985.
• He started his career as a professor and went on to be involved with Mushairas. for which he went on to become famous in India and abroad.
• Rahat Indori has written the lyrics for some of Bollywood’s bests such as Meenaxi, Mission Kashmir, Sir, Munnabhai MBBS, Ishq, and many more. Some of his songs have left deep impressions on Indian culture, like Dil ko hazaar baar roka (Murder), M bole toh (Munna Bhai MBBS) Chori Chori Jab Nazrein Mili (Kareeb) and Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (Meenaxi).
• He has a host of awards which he had won at national as well as international levels.

Bhagwan Datt Sharma

• Born in 1935, in the Rewa district of Madhya Pradesh, Bhagwan Datt Sharma is one of the foremost literary translators of international literature into Hindi.
• As a PhD in Philosophy and comparative languages, Sharma has translated English poetry, and has worked with Latin American and Scandinavian texts as well.
• He is also the founder of the Rema Socialist Party and avowed advocate for education reform

Nida Fazli

• Born in Gwalior in the year 1938, Nida Fazli’s full name is Muqtida Hasan Nida Fazli. He is a profecient and very well-known Hindi & Urdu poet.
• His parents migrated to Pakistan after partition, but he chose to stay back in India. Apart from poetry, Fazli also wrote for Blitz and Dharmayug magazines.
• He wrote many famous songs for Bollywood of which Tu is tarah se meri zindagi mein and Hosh waalon ko khabar kya deserve special mention.
• There are innumerable songs for which he has written the lyrics, both in films and in television serials. Very recently, he used to write for BBC’s Hindi website.

Harishankar Parsai

• A great satirist and a Sahitya Akademi Award winner, Harishankar Parsai was born in the Hoshangabad district in 1924.
• He won the Sahitya Akademi award for his poem Viklaang Shraddha ka daur which was a satire.
• Apni apni beemari, Aisa bhi socha jata hai, Aawara bheed ke khatre, Pagdandiyon Ka Zamana, Inspector Matadeen on the Moon: Selected Satires, Premacanda ke phaṭe jūte, and Jaise unke din fire are the titles of some of his books.