Page 1
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Lesson Prepared Under MHRD project “ National Mission
on Education Through ICT”
Discipline: Botany
Paper: Plant Metabolism
National Coordinator: Prof. S.C. Bhatla
Lesson: Photosynthesis I
Lesson Developer: Dr Basudha Sharma
MM (PG) College,Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh
Lesson Reviewer: Dr Girish Mishra, Department of Botany,
University of Delhi
Language Editor: Namrata Dhaka
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi,
South Campus
Lesson Editor: Dr Rama Sisodia, Fellow in Botany ILLL
Page 2
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Lesson Prepared Under MHRD project “ National Mission
on Education Through ICT”
Discipline: Botany
Paper: Plant Metabolism
National Coordinator: Prof. S.C. Bhatla
Lesson: Photosynthesis I
Lesson Developer: Dr Basudha Sharma
MM (PG) College,Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh
Lesson Reviewer: Dr Girish Mishra, Department of Botany,
University of Delhi
Language Editor: Namrata Dhaka
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi,
South Campus
Lesson Editor: Dr Rama Sisodia, Fellow in Botany ILLL
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Chapter: Photosynthesis I
Table of contents
• Introduction
• History/Photosynthesis as we know today
• Photosynthetic apparatus
• Chloroplast
• Photosynthetic pigment
• Light and its role in photosynthesis
• Modern view of light
• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Interaction of light energy and matter
• Absorption and action spectrum
• Photosynthetic unit (Quantasomes)
• Photosynthesis is a redox chemical reaction
• Photosystems/Two pigment system
• Mechanism of photosynthesis
• Light capturing events
• Light dependent reactions
? Water splitting mechanism
? Electron transport system
? Q cycle
? Photosynthetic phosphorylation
? Cyclic and non cyclic phosphorylation
• Light independent reactions
• Summary
• Exercise/ Practice
• Glossary
• References/ Bibliography/ Further Reading
Page 3
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Lesson Prepared Under MHRD project “ National Mission
on Education Through ICT”
Discipline: Botany
Paper: Plant Metabolism
National Coordinator: Prof. S.C. Bhatla
Lesson: Photosynthesis I
Lesson Developer: Dr Basudha Sharma
MM (PG) College,Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh
Lesson Reviewer: Dr Girish Mishra, Department of Botany,
University of Delhi
Language Editor: Namrata Dhaka
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi,
South Campus
Lesson Editor: Dr Rama Sisodia, Fellow in Botany ILLL
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Chapter: Photosynthesis I
Table of contents
• Introduction
• History/Photosynthesis as we know today
• Photosynthetic apparatus
• Chloroplast
• Photosynthetic pigment
• Light and its role in photosynthesis
• Modern view of light
• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Interaction of light energy and matter
• Absorption and action spectrum
• Photosynthetic unit (Quantasomes)
• Photosynthesis is a redox chemical reaction
• Photosystems/Two pigment system
• Mechanism of photosynthesis
• Light capturing events
• Light dependent reactions
? Water splitting mechanism
? Electron transport system
? Q cycle
? Photosynthetic phosphorylation
? Cyclic and non cyclic phosphorylation
• Light independent reactions
• Summary
• Exercise/ Practice
• Glossary
• References/ Bibliography/ Further Reading
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Learning outcomes:
After reading this lesson you should be able to:
• Understand the importance of photosynthesis.
• Know the historical aspects and important experiments associated with modern
ideas of photosynthesis.
• Become familiar with structure of chloroplast and the pigments associated with
photosynthesis.
• Understand the concept of wave and particle nature of light.
• How absorption and wavelength of light are correlated with each other
• Describe photosynthetic unit.
• Explain the two photosystems or pigment system in relation to photosynthesis.
• Explain how energy is absorbed by pigments and transferred to reaction center.
• Explain Z scheme diagram of photosynthesis/light dependent reaction.
• Know the location of Q cycle and its importance in creating a proton gradient.
• Explain what is photophosporylation.
• Compare cylic and noncylic photophosporylation.
Page 4
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Lesson Prepared Under MHRD project “ National Mission
on Education Through ICT”
Discipline: Botany
Paper: Plant Metabolism
National Coordinator: Prof. S.C. Bhatla
Lesson: Photosynthesis I
Lesson Developer: Dr Basudha Sharma
MM (PG) College,Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh
Lesson Reviewer: Dr Girish Mishra, Department of Botany,
University of Delhi
Language Editor: Namrata Dhaka
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi,
South Campus
Lesson Editor: Dr Rama Sisodia, Fellow in Botany ILLL
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Chapter: Photosynthesis I
Table of contents
• Introduction
• History/Photosynthesis as we know today
• Photosynthetic apparatus
• Chloroplast
• Photosynthetic pigment
• Light and its role in photosynthesis
• Modern view of light
• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Interaction of light energy and matter
• Absorption and action spectrum
• Photosynthetic unit (Quantasomes)
• Photosynthesis is a redox chemical reaction
• Photosystems/Two pigment system
• Mechanism of photosynthesis
• Light capturing events
• Light dependent reactions
? Water splitting mechanism
? Electron transport system
? Q cycle
? Photosynthetic phosphorylation
? Cyclic and non cyclic phosphorylation
• Light independent reactions
• Summary
• Exercise/ Practice
• Glossary
• References/ Bibliography/ Further Reading
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Learning outcomes:
After reading this lesson you should be able to:
• Understand the importance of photosynthesis.
• Know the historical aspects and important experiments associated with modern
ideas of photosynthesis.
• Become familiar with structure of chloroplast and the pigments associated with
photosynthesis.
• Understand the concept of wave and particle nature of light.
• How absorption and wavelength of light are correlated with each other
• Describe photosynthetic unit.
• Explain the two photosystems or pigment system in relation to photosynthesis.
• Explain how energy is absorbed by pigments and transferred to reaction center.
• Explain Z scheme diagram of photosynthesis/light dependent reaction.
• Know the location of Q cycle and its importance in creating a proton gradient.
• Explain what is photophosporylation.
• Compare cylic and noncylic photophosporylation.
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Introduction
Photosynthesis is a process by which living organisms synthesize organic compounds
(sugars) using carbon dioxide (CO
2
) water and solar energy.
Figure: Chemical equation for photosynthesis.
Source: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth103/node/693 (CC)
Energy stored in these organic compounds serves as source of energy for different
cellular processes. Photosynthesis not only results in the formation of energy rich
organic molecules but also converts carbon dioxide into oxygen, which is required for the
sustenance of life. Different forms of fuel such as coal, natural gas, petroleum are
derived indirectly from plants. The process of photosynthesis occurs in autotrophs, in
the green plants, algae and few prokaryotes in presence of light, water and
carbondioxide.
Page 5
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Lesson Prepared Under MHRD project “ National Mission
on Education Through ICT”
Discipline: Botany
Paper: Plant Metabolism
National Coordinator: Prof. S.C. Bhatla
Lesson: Photosynthesis I
Lesson Developer: Dr Basudha Sharma
MM (PG) College,Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh
Lesson Reviewer: Dr Girish Mishra, Department of Botany,
University of Delhi
Language Editor: Namrata Dhaka
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi,
South Campus
Lesson Editor: Dr Rama Sisodia, Fellow in Botany ILLL
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Chapter: Photosynthesis I
Table of contents
• Introduction
• History/Photosynthesis as we know today
• Photosynthetic apparatus
• Chloroplast
• Photosynthetic pigment
• Light and its role in photosynthesis
• Modern view of light
• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Interaction of light energy and matter
• Absorption and action spectrum
• Photosynthetic unit (Quantasomes)
• Photosynthesis is a redox chemical reaction
• Photosystems/Two pigment system
• Mechanism of photosynthesis
• Light capturing events
• Light dependent reactions
? Water splitting mechanism
? Electron transport system
? Q cycle
? Photosynthetic phosphorylation
? Cyclic and non cyclic phosphorylation
• Light independent reactions
• Summary
• Exercise/ Practice
• Glossary
• References/ Bibliography/ Further Reading
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Learning outcomes:
After reading this lesson you should be able to:
• Understand the importance of photosynthesis.
• Know the historical aspects and important experiments associated with modern
ideas of photosynthesis.
• Become familiar with structure of chloroplast and the pigments associated with
photosynthesis.
• Understand the concept of wave and particle nature of light.
• How absorption and wavelength of light are correlated with each other
• Describe photosynthetic unit.
• Explain the two photosystems or pigment system in relation to photosynthesis.
• Explain how energy is absorbed by pigments and transferred to reaction center.
• Explain Z scheme diagram of photosynthesis/light dependent reaction.
• Know the location of Q cycle and its importance in creating a proton gradient.
• Explain what is photophosporylation.
• Compare cylic and noncylic photophosporylation.
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Introduction
Photosynthesis is a process by which living organisms synthesize organic compounds
(sugars) using carbon dioxide (CO
2
) water and solar energy.
Figure: Chemical equation for photosynthesis.
Source: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth103/node/693 (CC)
Energy stored in these organic compounds serves as source of energy for different
cellular processes. Photosynthesis not only results in the formation of energy rich
organic molecules but also converts carbon dioxide into oxygen, which is required for the
sustenance of life. Different forms of fuel such as coal, natural gas, petroleum are
derived indirectly from plants. The process of photosynthesis occurs in autotrophs, in
the green plants, algae and few prokaryotes in presence of light, water and
carbondioxide.
Photosynthesis I
Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
Figure: This figure illustrates in a schematic way what goes on in a leaf through the
processes of photosynthesis and respiration. Photosynthesis is the combination of carbon
dioxide and water, with light energy, to create carbohydrates and releasing oxygen to
the atmosphere as a by-product. In a reverse reaction the carbohydrates are used
during respiration, to produce energy that the plant needs to grow. During respiration,
carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere, but this is nearlyhalf of what is
taken up from the atmosphere duringphotosynthesis. Similarly, more oxygen is given off
during photosynthesis than is used up in respiration.
Source:https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth103/node/693(CC)
History/Photosynthesis as we know today
Photosynthesis as we know today is a contribution of many scientists as listed in the
table ahead.
Read More