Botany Exam  >  Botany Notes  >  Plant Biotechnology  >  Lecture 9 - Tissue Culture Applications- Part III

Lecture 9 - Tissue Culture Applications- Part III | Plant Biotechnology - Botany PDF Download

Download, print and study this document offline
Please wait while the PDF view is loading
 Page 1


Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
1 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
 
 
                                                                                              
 
Discipline: Botany 
Paper: Plant Biotechnology 
Lesson: Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
Lesson Developer: Namrata Dhaka 
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South 
Campus 
Page 2


Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
1 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
 
 
                                                                                              
 
Discipline: Botany 
Paper: Plant Biotechnology 
Lesson: Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
Lesson Developer: Namrata Dhaka 
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South 
Campus 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
2 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
Learning Outcomes 
 
The reader should be able to understand the following – 
? Need for germplasm conservation. 
? Different ways in which plant genetic resources can be conserved. 
? Application of in vitro methods for conservation of germplasm. 
? Technique of cryopreservation. 
? Difference between primary and secondary metabolites of plants. 
? Use of cell cultures and organ cultures for production of secondary metabolites. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page 3


Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
1 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
 
 
                                                                                              
 
Discipline: Botany 
Paper: Plant Biotechnology 
Lesson: Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
Lesson Developer: Namrata Dhaka 
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South 
Campus 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
2 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
Learning Outcomes 
 
The reader should be able to understand the following – 
? Need for germplasm conservation. 
? Different ways in which plant genetic resources can be conserved. 
? Application of in vitro methods for conservation of germplasm. 
? Technique of cryopreservation. 
? Difference between primary and secondary metabolites of plants. 
? Use of cell cultures and organ cultures for production of secondary metabolites. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
3 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
Table of Contents  
Chapter: Tissue Culture Applications – Part II 
? Introduction 
? Germplasm Conservation 
? Methods of germplasm conservation 
? In situ conservation 
? Ex situ conservation 
? Brief History - Why did the need for ex situ conservation 
arise? 
? In vitro conservation 
? Cryopreservation 
? Steps in cryopreservation 
? Selection of plant material  
? Pre-culture  
? Pre -treatments  
? Cryoprotective treatments 
? Dehydration  
? Encapsulation and dehydration  
? Freezing 
? Rapid freezing  
? Slow freezing  
? Stepwise freezing  
? Storage  
? Thawing  
? Re-culturing  
? Advantages of germplasm conservation by in vitro 
methods 
? Disadvantages of germplasm conservation by in vitro 
methods 
? Secondary Metabolite Production 
Page 4


Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
1 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
 
 
                                                                                              
 
Discipline: Botany 
Paper: Plant Biotechnology 
Lesson: Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
Lesson Developer: Namrata Dhaka 
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South 
Campus 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
2 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
Learning Outcomes 
 
The reader should be able to understand the following – 
? Need for germplasm conservation. 
? Different ways in which plant genetic resources can be conserved. 
? Application of in vitro methods for conservation of germplasm. 
? Technique of cryopreservation. 
? Difference between primary and secondary metabolites of plants. 
? Use of cell cultures and organ cultures for production of secondary metabolites. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
3 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
Table of Contents  
Chapter: Tissue Culture Applications – Part II 
? Introduction 
? Germplasm Conservation 
? Methods of germplasm conservation 
? In situ conservation 
? Ex situ conservation 
? Brief History - Why did the need for ex situ conservation 
arise? 
? In vitro conservation 
? Cryopreservation 
? Steps in cryopreservation 
? Selection of plant material  
? Pre-culture  
? Pre -treatments  
? Cryoprotective treatments 
? Dehydration  
? Encapsulation and dehydration  
? Freezing 
? Rapid freezing  
? Slow freezing  
? Stepwise freezing  
? Storage  
? Thawing  
? Re-culturing  
? Advantages of germplasm conservation by in vitro 
methods 
? Disadvantages of germplasm conservation by in vitro 
methods 
? Secondary Metabolite Production 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
4 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
? Definition 
? Difference between primary and secondary metabolites 
? Classification of secondary metabolites 
? Economic importance of secondary metabolites 
? Production of secondary metabolites through tissue culture 
methods 
? Production of secondary metabolites through cell culture 
? Production of secondary metabolites through organ 
cultures  
? Hairy root cultures  
? Shoot cultures  
? Limitations in use of tissue culture methods for secondary 
metabolite production 
? Summary  
? Exercise/ Practice 
? Glossary 
? References/ Bibliography/ Further Reading 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page 5


Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
1 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
 
 
                                                                                              
 
Discipline: Botany 
Paper: Plant Biotechnology 
Lesson: Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
Lesson Developer: Namrata Dhaka 
Department/College: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South 
Campus 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
2 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
Learning Outcomes 
 
The reader should be able to understand the following – 
? Need for germplasm conservation. 
? Different ways in which plant genetic resources can be conserved. 
? Application of in vitro methods for conservation of germplasm. 
? Technique of cryopreservation. 
? Difference between primary and secondary metabolites of plants. 
? Use of cell cultures and organ cultures for production of secondary metabolites. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
3 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
Table of Contents  
Chapter: Tissue Culture Applications – Part II 
? Introduction 
? Germplasm Conservation 
? Methods of germplasm conservation 
? In situ conservation 
? Ex situ conservation 
? Brief History - Why did the need for ex situ conservation 
arise? 
? In vitro conservation 
? Cryopreservation 
? Steps in cryopreservation 
? Selection of plant material  
? Pre-culture  
? Pre -treatments  
? Cryoprotective treatments 
? Dehydration  
? Encapsulation and dehydration  
? Freezing 
? Rapid freezing  
? Slow freezing  
? Stepwise freezing  
? Storage  
? Thawing  
? Re-culturing  
? Advantages of germplasm conservation by in vitro 
methods 
? Disadvantages of germplasm conservation by in vitro 
methods 
? Secondary Metabolite Production 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
4 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
? Definition 
? Difference between primary and secondary metabolites 
? Classification of secondary metabolites 
? Economic importance of secondary metabolites 
? Production of secondary metabolites through tissue culture 
methods 
? Production of secondary metabolites through cell culture 
? Production of secondary metabolites through organ 
cultures  
? Hairy root cultures  
? Shoot cultures  
? Limitations in use of tissue culture methods for secondary 
metabolite production 
? Summary  
? Exercise/ Practice 
? Glossary 
? References/ Bibliography/ Further Reading 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tissue Culture Applications- Part II 
 
 
5 
Institute of Lifelong learning, University of Delhi 
 
 
Introduction 
In the earlier chapters, we have discussed various techniques of tissue culture and their 
uses. In this chapter, we shall focus on two important applications of in vitro methods of 
plant tissue culture - conservation of plant genetic resources and production of secondary 
metabolites. The in vitro methods of germplasm conservation and secondary metabolite 
production have helped in overcoming many limitations of the traditional methods and have 
added more precision and speed to the process. 
Germplasm Conservation 
Nature is replete with enormous biodiversity. But increasing population poses a constant 
threat to this biodiversity. At present, according to Botanical Survey of India, about 45 
species are critically endangered, 113 species are endangered, 89 species vulnerable, 7 
species are extinct and two species are extinct in wild in India. Many plant species in India 
are being harvested from wild indiscriminately and traded within the country and also across 
the border for their varioususes like medicinal, aromatic, aesthetic etc., (Annual Report, 
Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, 2013). 
http://ifgtb.icfre.gov.in/CITES/Indian%20PLANTS.pdf. This calls for an immediate attention 
from mankind and especially biologists as genetic diversity once lost can never be regained. 
 
 
Link for further reading on this topic-  
http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=2116&page=189 
Methods of germplasm conservation 
Methods of germplasm conservation are mainly of two types - in situ and ex situ. 
Being a biologist, what steps do you propose for conservation of genetic diversity? 
 
Read More
23 docs

FAQs on Lecture 9 - Tissue Culture Applications- Part III - Plant Biotechnology - Botany

1. What is tissue culture and how is it used in botany?
Ans. Tissue culture is a technique used to grow and maintain plant cells, tissues, or organs in an artificial environment. In botany, tissue culture is used for various purposes such as plant propagation, production of disease-free plants, genetic modification, and conservation of rare or endangered plant species.
2. What are the advantages of tissue culture in botany?
Ans. Tissue culture offers several advantages in botany. Firstly, it allows the production of a large number of plants from a small piece of plant tissue, enabling mass propagation. Secondly, tissue culture can produce disease-free plants, as the process eliminates pathogens. Additionally, tissue culture allows for genetic modification and the production of genetically identical plants. It also facilitates the conservation of rare or endangered plant species.
3. Can tissue culture be used for plant breeding?
Ans. Yes, tissue culture can be used for plant breeding. It enables the propagation of plants with desirable traits, such as disease resistance, faster growth, or improved yield. Tissue culture techniques like somatic embryogenesis and micropropagation can be employed to produce large numbers of genetically identical plants, which can then be used in breeding programs to develop new varieties or hybrids.
4. What are some challenges or limitations of tissue culture in botany?
Ans. Despite its advantages, tissue culture in botany also has some challenges and limitations. Firstly, the process can be technically demanding and requires specialized equipment and facilities. Secondly, some plant species may be difficult to culture in vitro, making the process inefficient for certain plants. Additionally, tissue culture can sometimes lead to genetic instability or somaclonal variations, which can affect the quality and stability of the produced plants.
5. How can tissue culture be used in the conservation of rare plant species?
Ans. Tissue culture plays a vital role in the conservation of rare plant species. It allows the propagation of endangered plants, even from a small tissue sample, helping to increase their numbers and prevent extinction. Tissue culture can also be used to preserve the genetic diversity of rare plants by maintaining them in vitro. This technique, known as cryopreservation, involves freezing the plant tissue at extremely low temperatures, enabling long-term storage and future reintroduction of the species if necessary.
23 docs
Download as PDF
Explore Courses for Botany exam
Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Related Searches

ppt

,

Sample Paper

,

Important questions

,

Extra Questions

,

pdf

,

MCQs

,

Semester Notes

,

Lecture 9 - Tissue Culture Applications- Part III | Plant Biotechnology - Botany

,

Objective type Questions

,

Viva Questions

,

Lecture 9 - Tissue Culture Applications- Part III | Plant Biotechnology - Botany

,

Free

,

mock tests for examination

,

Summary

,

shortcuts and tricks

,

video lectures

,

past year papers

,

Lecture 9 - Tissue Culture Applications- Part III | Plant Biotechnology - Botany

,

Exam

,

practice quizzes

,

Previous Year Questions with Solutions

,

study material

;