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Liverworts, Structure, life cycle - Plant Kingdom, Biology, Class 11 Video Lecture

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FAQs on Liverworts, Structure, life cycle - Plant Kingdom, Biology, Class 11 Video Lecture

1. What are liverworts and what is their structure?
Ans. Liverworts are small, non-vascular plants that belong to the division Bryophyta. They have a simple structure consisting of a thallus or leafy structure, and they lack true roots, stems, and leaves. The thallus is usually flat and lobed, and it contains rhizoids that help in anchoring the plant to the substrate.
2. What is the life cycle of liverworts?
Ans. The life cycle of liverworts is characterized by alternation of generations. It involves a haploid gametophyte generation and a diploid sporophyte generation. The gametophyte is the dominant phase and produces both male and female gametes. Upon fertilization, the zygote develops into a sporophyte, which remains attached to the gametophyte. The sporophyte eventually releases spores, which germinate into new gametophytes.
3. How do liverworts reproduce?
Ans. Liverworts reproduce both sexually and asexually. Sexual reproduction occurs through the fusion of male and female gametes, which results in the formation of a zygote. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, takes place through fragmentation or the formation of specialized reproductive structures called gemmae cups. These cups contain gemmae, which are small, multicellular structures that detach and give rise to new liverwort plants.
4. What are the ecological roles of liverworts?
Ans. Liverworts play several ecological roles. They are pioneer plants, often colonizing bare soils and rocks, thereby helping in primary succession. They also contribute to soil formation and moisture retention. Liverworts serve as habitats and food sources for various microorganisms and invertebrates. Additionally, they can be indicators of environmental conditions, such as air pollution or water quality.
5. How are liverworts different from other plant groups?
Ans. Liverworts differ from other plant groups in several ways. Unlike mosses, they lack a specialized water-conducting tissue called hydroids. Additionally, liverworts differ from ferns and seed plants by not having true roots, stems, and leaves. They also have a unique reproductive structure called an archegoniophore, which is responsible for the production of female gametes.
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