Long Answer Type Questions: Operating System | Computer Applications for Class 9 PDF Download

Q.1. What are the different type of system calls in an operating system?

Types of System Calls: There are 5 different categories of system calls:

• Process control which is used to end, abort, create, terminate, allocate and free memory.
• File management which is used to create, open, close, delete, read file etc.
• Device management
• Information maintenance
• Communication

Q.2. State the features of a interactive (GUI based) operating system.

Interactive (GUI based) Operating System: GUI or Graphical User Interface based Operating System allows the use of icons, windows and menus as tools to interact with the computer. For example such tools may be used for opening, deleting, and moving files. Usually GUI operating systems are navigated through the use of a mouse, the keyboard may also be utilized by using keyboard shortcuts or arrow keys to speed up operations. Because of their ease of use, GUI operating systems have become the dominant operating system used by today’s end-users. Windows is an example of GUI based Operating System.

Q.3. State the activities of an OS related to “File Management”.

The activities related to File Management includes:

(i) File Attributes
File attributes are the properties associated with a file that specifies the different information related to the file or data of the file. It specifies the characteristics of a file, such as a type and location that completely describe a file.

(ii) File Operations
File operations are the various tasks that are performed on files. A user can perform these operations by using the commands provided by the operating system.

(iii) File Access Permissions
File access permission help specify the manner in which a user can access a file. These are the access rights that allow us to read, write or execute a file.

(iv) File System
File systems are used by an operating system to store and organize the various files and their information on a hard disk.

Q.4. State the activities of a OS related to “Processor Management”.

• The operating system keeps track of the processor and the status of process.
• The operating system allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• The operating system is also responsible for de-allocating the processor when processor is no longer required.

Q.5. How is FAT 32 file system different from NTFS?

FAT32 and NTFS are file systems created for keeping track of files in the hard disk. A file system is a set of logical constructs that dictate how the space on a disk volume is to be utilized. NTFS is more robust and effective simply because of its advanced features and functionalities. FAT, in general, comprises of overly simplistic data structures, hence making operations more time consuming. The functionalities of NTFS are far more over-powering since it makes use of advanced data structures to improve reliability, disk space utilization and overall performance.