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FAQs on Question Bank: Hydrogen - Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

1. What is hydrogen, and why is it considered an important element?
Ans. Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. It is an essential element for life and plays a crucial role in various industrial applications. It is used as fuel in vehicles, power plants, and in the production of ammonia for fertilizers. Moreover, hydrogen can be used as a clean source of energy, which does not emit any harmful pollutants, making it an important element in the fight against climate change.
2. What are the different methods used for producing hydrogen?
Ans. There are various methods for producing hydrogen, including: 1. Steam methane reforming (SMR) 2. Electrolysis 3. Coal gasification 4. Biomass gasification 5. Solar water splitting These methods involve the use of different technologies and processes to extract hydrogen from its sources, such as natural gas, coal, biomass, and water.
3. What are the advantages of using hydrogen as a fuel?
Ans. Hydrogen is considered a clean source of energy as it produces no carbon emissions when burned. Hydrogen fuel cells can be used to power vehicles, which emit only water vapor and heat. Moreover, hydrogen fuel cells are more efficient than internal combustion engines, and they can provide a longer driving range. In addition, hydrogen can be produced from renewable sources such as wind and solar power, making it a sustainable and environmentally friendly fuel.
4. What are the challenges of using hydrogen as a fuel?
Ans. One of the main challenges of using hydrogen as a fuel is its production and storage. Hydrogen is not found naturally in its pure form and needs to be extracted from other sources. Moreover, hydrogen has a low energy density, which means that it needs to be compressed or liquefied to be stored and transported efficiently. This requires expensive infrastructure and specialized equipment. Additionally, the cost of producing hydrogen is still relatively high, which makes it less competitive compared to other fuels.
5. How is hydrogen being used in the transportation sector?
Ans. Hydrogen is being used in the transportation sector to power fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). FCEVs use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity, which powers the vehicle's electric motor. These vehicles emit only water vapor and heat, making them a clean alternative to conventional gasoline-powered vehicles. Various automakers such as Toyota, Honda, and Hyundai have developed FCEVs, and they are currently being sold in select markets around the world. However, the availability of hydrogen refueling infrastructure is still limited, which hinders the widespread adoption of FCEVs.
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