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Chapter 12:  Mass-
Storage Systems 
www.jntuworld.com 
Page 2


Chapter 12:  Mass-
Storage Systems 
www.jntuworld.com 
Chapter 12:  Mass-Storage 
Systems 
• Overview of Mass Storage Structure 
• Disk Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Disk Scheduling 
• Disk Management 
• Swap-Space Management 
• RAID Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Stable-Storage Implementation 
• Tertiary Storage Devices 
• Operating System Support 
• Performance Issues 
Page 3


Chapter 12:  Mass-
Storage Systems 
www.jntuworld.com 
Chapter 12:  Mass-Storage 
Systems 
• Overview of Mass Storage Structure 
• Disk Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Disk Scheduling 
• Disk Management 
• Swap-Space Management 
• RAID Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Stable-Storage Implementation 
• Tertiary Storage Devices 
• Operating System Support 
• Performance Issues 
Objectives 
• Describe the physical structure of secondary and 
tertiary storage devices and the resulting effects on 
the uses of the devices 
 
• Explain the performance characteristics of mass-
storage devices 
 
• Discuss operating-system services provided for 
mass storage, including RAID and HSM 
 
Page 4


Chapter 12:  Mass-
Storage Systems 
www.jntuworld.com 
Chapter 12:  Mass-Storage 
Systems 
• Overview of Mass Storage Structure 
• Disk Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Disk Scheduling 
• Disk Management 
• Swap-Space Management 
• RAID Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Stable-Storage Implementation 
• Tertiary Storage Devices 
• Operating System Support 
• Performance Issues 
Objectives 
• Describe the physical structure of secondary and 
tertiary storage devices and the resulting effects on 
the uses of the devices 
 
• Explain the performance characteristics of mass-
storage devices 
 
• Discuss operating-system services provided for 
mass storage, including RAID and HSM 
 
Overview of Mass Storage 
Structure 
• Magnetic disks provide bulk of secondary storage of 
modern computers 
– Drives rotate at 60 to 200 times per second 
– Transfer rate is rate at which data flow between drive and 
computer 
– Positioning time (random-access time) is time to move disk arm to 
desired cylinder (seek time) and time for desired sector to rotate 
under the disk head (rotational latency) 
– Head crash results from disk head making contact with the disk 
surface 
• That’s bad 
• Disks can be removable 
• Drive attached to computer via I/O bus 
– Busses vary, including EIDE, ATA, SATA, USB, Fibre Channel, 
SCSI 
– Host controller in computer uses bus to talk to disk controller built 
into drive or storage array 
 
Page 5


Chapter 12:  Mass-
Storage Systems 
www.jntuworld.com 
Chapter 12:  Mass-Storage 
Systems 
• Overview of Mass Storage Structure 
• Disk Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Disk Scheduling 
• Disk Management 
• Swap-Space Management 
• RAID Structure 
• Disk Attachment 
• Stable-Storage Implementation 
• Tertiary Storage Devices 
• Operating System Support 
• Performance Issues 
Objectives 
• Describe the physical structure of secondary and 
tertiary storage devices and the resulting effects on 
the uses of the devices 
 
• Explain the performance characteristics of mass-
storage devices 
 
• Discuss operating-system services provided for 
mass storage, including RAID and HSM 
 
Overview of Mass Storage 
Structure 
• Magnetic disks provide bulk of secondary storage of 
modern computers 
– Drives rotate at 60 to 200 times per second 
– Transfer rate is rate at which data flow between drive and 
computer 
– Positioning time (random-access time) is time to move disk arm to 
desired cylinder (seek time) and time for desired sector to rotate 
under the disk head (rotational latency) 
– Head crash results from disk head making contact with the disk 
surface 
• That’s bad 
• Disks can be removable 
• Drive attached to computer via I/O bus 
– Busses vary, including EIDE, ATA, SATA, USB, Fibre Channel, 
SCSI 
– Host controller in computer uses bus to talk to disk controller built 
into drive or storage array 
 
Moving-head Disk Mechanism 
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FAQs on Mass Storage Systems - PPT (Powerpoint Presentation), Operating System - Computer Science Engineering (CSE)

1. What is a mass storage system?
Ans. A mass storage system refers to a storage system that is capable of storing a large amount of data. It typically involves devices such as hard disk drives, solid-state drives, optical drives, and magnetic tapes.
2. What role does an operating system play in managing mass storage systems?
Ans. The operating system plays a crucial role in managing mass storage systems. It is responsible for handling tasks such as file system management, disk scheduling, device driver management, and data organization on storage devices.
3. What are the different types of mass storage systems commonly used in computer systems?
Ans. Some commonly used types of mass storage systems in computer systems include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), optical drives (such as CD/DVD drives), USB flash drives, and network-attached storage (NAS) devices.
4. How does a file system contribute to the functioning of a mass storage system?
Ans. A file system is responsible for organizing and managing data on a mass storage system. It provides a logical structure to store and retrieve files, manages file permissions, maintains metadata about files (such as file size and creation date), and ensures data integrity.
5. What are the main factors to consider when choosing a mass storage system for a computer system?
Ans. When choosing a mass storage system for a computer system, factors such as storage capacity, performance (including read/write speeds), reliability, cost, and compatibility with the computer system's interface (e.g., SATA, USB) should be considered. It is also important to consider the specific requirements and usage scenarios of the computer system.
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