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Methods for Calculating National Income Video Lecture | Economics for Grade 12

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FAQs on Methods for Calculating National Income Video Lecture - Economics for Grade 12

1. How is national income calculated?
Ans. National income can be calculated using three main methods: the production approach, the income approach, and the expenditure approach. The production approach calculates national income by adding up the value of all goods and services produced in an economy. The income approach calculates national income by summing up all the incomes earned by individuals and businesses in an economy. The expenditure approach calculates national income by adding up all the expenditures made on final goods and services within an economy.
2. What is the importance of calculating national income?
Ans. Calculating national income is important because it provides a measure of the overall economic performance of a country. It helps policymakers in assessing the level of economic activity, determining the standard of living of the population, and making informed decisions regarding fiscal and monetary policies. National income data also helps in comparing the economic performance of different countries and tracking changes in the economy over time.
3. How does national income calculation help in measuring economic growth?
Ans. National income calculation helps in measuring economic growth by providing an indication of the increase in the overall output of goods and services within an economy over a specific period. By comparing national income figures from different years, economists and policymakers can determine whether the economy is growing, contracting, or stagnating. A continuous increase in national income indicates economic growth, while a decrease suggests a decline in economic activity.
4. What are the limitations of using national income as a measure of economic welfare?
Ans. National income as a measure of economic welfare has several limitations. It does not account for non-market activities such as household work, volunteer work, and the informal sector. It also does not consider income distribution and inequalities within a country. Additionally, national income does not capture the value of environmental degradation and resource depletion. Therefore, relying solely on national income figures may not provide a comprehensive picture of the overall well-being of a population.
5. How can changes in national income affect the standard of living?
Ans. Changes in national income can have a direct impact on the standard of living of the population. An increase in national income generally leads to higher levels of consumption, improved access to goods and services, and better quality of life for individuals. Conversely, a decrease in national income can result in lower levels of consumption, reduced access to essential services, and a decline in the standard of living. Therefore, policymakers often aim to stimulate economic growth to enhance the standard of living of the population.
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