Mind Map: Cell Cycle & Cell Division | Biology for ACT PDF Download

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Cell Cycle
 Overview
Importance: Critical for all living 
organisms.
Processes: Includes cell division, DNA 
replication, and cell growth.
Objective: Coordinated events for correct 
division and intact genomes.
Phases of 
Cell Cycle
Interphase: Longer phase, preparation for 
mitosis, divided into G1, S, and G2 
phases.
M Phase: Actual cell division (mitosis), 
short duration, includes karyokinesis and 
cytokinesis.
Details of
 Interphase
G1 Phase: Cell growth without DNA 
replication.
S Phase: DNA replication, doubling of 
DNA content.
G2 Phase: Preparation for mitosis, 
protein synthesis.
Mitosis 
(M Phase)
Prophase: Chromosomal condensation, 
spindle apparatus formation.
Metaphase: Alignment of chromosomes 
at metaphase plate.
Anaphase: Separation of chromatids.
Telophase: Formation of daughter nuclei, 
decondensation of chromosomes.
Cytokinesis: Division of cytoplasm, cell 
splits into two daughter cells.
Signi?cance of 
Mitosis
Role: Growth, repair, and maintenance of 
tissues.
Occurrence: Generally in diploid cells, 
with exceptions.
Meiosis
Purpose: Reduction of chromosome 
number by half, formation of gametes.
Phases: Meiosis I (reductional division) 
Prophase I 
This phase is divided into ?ve stages: 
Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, 
Diplotene, and Diakinesis.
Metaphase I
Homologous chromosomes align at the 
equatorial plate.
Anaphase I 
Homologous chromosomes separate and 
move toward opposite poles.
Telophase I 
Nuclear membrane reforms, and 
cytokinesis occurs, resulting in two 
haploid daughter cells.
Signi?cance: Genetic variability and 
evolution.
 Cell cycle and cell 
division
Meiosis I
Meiosis II