Mindmap: Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence | Economics Class 12 - Commerce PDF Download

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Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence
Status Before British Rule
Independent and Prosperous
Agriculture as Main Livelihood
Renowned Handicraft Industries
Objectives of British Policy
Protection of British Economic Interests
T ransformation of India
Supplier of Raw Materials
Market for British Goods
Estimation of National Income
Dadabhai Naoroji
William Digby
V. K. R. V. Rao
R. C. Desai
Agriculture Sector
Agrarian Economy
Stagnation and Low Productivity
Causes
Land Settlement System
Revenue Settlement System
Primitive T echniques
Commercialisation of Agriculture
Lack of Investment
Industrial Sector
Systematic Deindustrialisation
Destruction of Handicraft Industry
Slow Growth of Modern Industries
Lack of Capital Goods Industry
Limited Role of Public Sector
Foreign T rade
Change in Composition and Direction
Volume and Structure of T rade
Drain of Indian Wealth
Demographic Condition
Uneven Population Growth
Low Literacy Levels
Poor Public Health Facilities
High Mortality Rates
Extensive Poverty
Occupational Structure
Agriculture Sector Dominance
Limited Manufacturing and Services
Regional Variations
Infrastructure
Development for Colonial Interests
Railways, Roads, Waterways
Post and T elegraph
Conclusion Challenges at Independence
Overcrowded Agriculture Sector
Lack of Industrial Base
Foreign T rade Orientation
Need for Infrastructure Upgradation
Prevalence of Poverty and Unemployment