Q1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?
(a) Tundra
(b) Himalayan
(c) Tidal
(d) Tropical Evergreen
Natural Rubber
Ans: (d) Tropical Evergreen
(ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100 cm
(b) 70 cm
(c) 50 cm
(d) less than 50 cm
Cinchona Tree
Ans: (a) 100 cm
(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab
(b) Delhi
(c) Odisha
(d) West Bengal
Ans: (c) Odisha
(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bio reserves?
(a) Manas
(b) Gulf of Mannar
(c) Nilgiri
(d) Nanda Devi
Ans: (a) Manas
Q2. Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
(ii) What is a bio reserve? Give two examples.
(iii) Name two animals having their habitat in montane and tropical types of vegetation.
Ans:
(i) The factors that are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India are:
(a) Relief
(b) Climate
(ii) A bio reserve is an ecosystem having plants and animals of unusual scientific and natural instinct. These are preserved in their natural environment.
(iii) The Tibetan antelope and the Kashmir stag have their habitat in the Montane vegetation. In the Tropical Evergreen Forests bats and sloths are found and in the Tropical Deciduous Forests, snakes and tortoises exist.
Q3. Distinguish between
(i) Flora and Fauna
(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous Forests
Ans. (i) The word ‘flora’ is used to denote plants of a particular region or period and the species of animals are referred to as ‘fauna’.
Flora and Fauna: Comparison
(ii) Tropical Evergreen Forests:
Deciduous Forests:
Q4. Name different types of vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
Ans: The different types of vegetation found in India are:
In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to the corresponding change in natural vegetation:
Q5. Quite a few species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?
Ans: Many plants and animals are endangered in India due to a number of reasons:
As a result of these activities about 1300 plant species are endangered and 20 plant species have become extinct. Quite a few animal species are also endangered.
Q6. Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?
Ans: India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna due to the following reasons:
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