Q1. Describe how the poverty line is estimated in India?
Ans: The poverty line is estimated based on consumption levels in India.
Q2. Do you think that present methodology of poverty estimation is appropriate?
Ans:
Q3. Describe poverty trends in India since 1973?
Ans:
Q4. Discuss the major reasons for poverty in India?
Ans: Major reasons for poverty in India:
(a) Colonial Rule
(b) Low economic growth and high population growth
The Indian administration’s failure on the two fronts − promotion of economic growth and population control perpetuated the cycle of poverty.
(c) Rural Poverty
(d) Urban Poverty
(e) Socio-Cultural Factors
Q5. Identify the social and economic groups which are most vulnerable to poverty in India.
Ans: The social groups vulnerable to poverty are:
The economic groups vulnerable to poverty are:
Q6. Give an account of interstate disparities of poverty in India.
Ans:
Q7. Describe global poverty trends.
Ans:
Q8. Describe current government strategy of poverty alleviation?
Ans: The removal of poverty is one of the major objectives of the Indian developmental strategy.
The current government strategy of poverty alleviation is based on two planks:
Some of the targeted anti-poverty programmes undertaken by the government are:
(а) Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY): This programme was started in 1993. It aims at creating self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns.
(b) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY): This programme was launched in 2000. It aims at creating and improving basic services like primary health, primary education, rural shelter, rural drinking water and rural electrification.
(c) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP): This programme was launched in 1995. It aims at creating self-employment opportunities in rural areas and urban towns.
(d) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): This act was passed in September 2005. The act provides 100 days of assured employment every year to every rural household in 200 districts. Later, the scheme would be extended to 600 districts. One-third of the proposed jobs have been reserved for women.
MNREGA
Q9. Answer the following questions briefly
(a) What do you understand by human poverty?
(b) Who are the poorest of the poor?
(c) What are the main features of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005?
Ans:
(a)
(b)
(c) Main features of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005:
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1. What is poverty? | ![]() |
2. How is poverty measured? | ![]() |
3. What are the major causes of poverty in India? | ![]() |
4. How can poverty be reduced in India? | ![]() |
5. What are the consequences of poverty? | ![]() |
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