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Urban Administration NCERT Solutions - Indian Polity for UPSC CSE

Q1. Why did the children go to Yasmin Khala’s house?
Ans: Children went to Yasmin Khala’s house to know about the person who is responsible for the maintenance of the street lights and to whom they should pay. Rehana’s mom told them that the Municipal corporation takes care of the replacement lights. So, they went to Yasmin Khala’s house as she recently retired from the Municipal Corporation and could tell them about it.


Q2. List four ways in which the work of the Municipal Corporation affects the life of a city-dweller.
Ans: Four ways in which the work of the Municipal Corporation affects the life of a city-dweller:
(i) Construction and maintenance of roads, parks, street lights etc.
(ii) Cleansing and maintenance of drainage system.
(iii) Collection and disposal of garbage.
(iv) Supply of safe drinking water.
(v) Electricity supply.


Q3. Who is a Municipal Councillor?
Ans: A Municipal Councillor is an elected member of the committee of Municipal Corporation.

  • The ward or Municipal Councillor listened to the problem of their local people and helped them to get in touch with the concerned authority.
  • They also make a budget for their ward and put it in front of the whole council.


Q4. What did Gangabai do and why?
Ans: Gangabai went to the Ward Councillor's house after gathering a small group of women shouting slogans and described the situation in the locality to him.|
She did so because there was uncollected garbage lying all over in the locality which attracts dogs, rats, and flies and people are getting ill from this.


Q5. How does the Municipal Corporation earn the money to do its work?
Ans: Municipal Corporation earns money from the taxes collected from various sources like property taxes, water taxes, entertainment taxes, and also from taxes on education and other amenities.


Q6. Discuss
In the two photographs, you see different ways of collecting and disposing of garbage.

Photo 1Photo 1Photo 2Photo 2(i) Which way do you think provides safety to the person disposing of garbage?
(ii) What are the dangers of collecting garbage in the manner shown in the first photograph?
(iii) Why do you think that proper ways of disposing of garbage are not available to those who work in municipalities?
Ans:
(i) I think Photo 2 provides safety to the person disposing of garbage.
(ii) In the first photograph, people collecting garbage might get injured or infected and may fall ill. It will affect their health as they are not taking any safety measures. The garbage will also not be collected properly.
(iii) The proper ways of disposing of garbage are not available to those who work in municipalities may be due to the lack of fund availability or the careless behavior of the officials and workers.


Q7. Several poor people in the city work as domestic servants as well as work for the Corporation, keeping the city clean. Yet the slums in which they live are quite filthy. This is because these slums seldom have any water and sanitation facilities. The reason often given by the Municipal Corporation is that the land in which the poor have set up their homes does not belong to them and that slum-dwellers do not pay taxes. However, people living in middle-class neighborhoods pay very little in taxes compared to the amount of money the corporation spends on setting up parks, street lighting facilities, regular garbage collection, etc. Also as you read in this chapter, the property taxes collected by the Municipality make up only 25-30 percent of its money. Why do you think it is important that the Corporation should spend more money on slum localities? Why is it important that the Municipal Corporation provide the poor in the city with the same facilities that the rich get?
Ans: It is important that the Corporation should spend more money on slum localities because:
(i) If they do not provide them equal facilities then it is discrimination on the basis of economic condition.
(ii) Slums are also a part of the society. The people living there contribute a lot to society and also the major work population like domestic servants Municipal workers, cleaners, etc.
(iii) Diseases can also spread to the neighboring locality of the slums due to dirty conditions.


Ques 8. Look at the image below.
Urban Administration NCERT Solutions | Indian Polity for UPSC CSE

The Government of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission on 2 October 2014 to promote cleanliness in both rural and urban areas all over the nation. Under the “Swachh Bharat, Swachh Vidyalaya” campaign, many activities are also being carried out in schools to generate awareness of sanitation and hygiene among students. Observe the ways in which “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” is being implemented by the municipality/panchayat in your locality. Prepare a poster and display it in your school. 
Ans: This is an activity that students need to carry out at their school. 

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FAQs on Urban Administration NCERT Solutions - Indian Polity for UPSC CSE

1. What is urban administration?
Ans. Urban administration refers to the system and processes through which cities and towns are managed and governed. It involves various aspects such as infrastructure development, public services, urban planning, revenue collection, and maintenance of law and order in urban areas.
2. What are the key responsibilities of urban administration?
Ans. The key responsibilities of urban administration include: 1. Urban planning and development: This involves the creation and implementation of plans for the proper development of urban areas, including land use planning, zoning regulations, and infrastructure development. 2. Provision of public services: Urban administration is responsible for providing essential services such as water supply, sanitation, waste management, transportation, and healthcare facilities to residents. 3. Revenue collection and financial management: Urban administration is responsible for collecting various taxes and fees from citizens and businesses to generate revenue for the development and maintenance of urban infrastructure and services. 4. Maintenance of law and order: Urban administration plays a crucial role in maintaining law and order in urban areas by overseeing the functioning of the police department and ensuring the safety and security of residents. 5. Citizen participation and governance: Urban administration is responsible for promoting citizen participation in decision-making processes and ensuring transparent and accountable governance in urban areas.
3. What are the challenges faced by urban administration in managing cities?
Ans. Urban administration faces various challenges in managing cities, including: 1. Rapid urbanization: The rapid influx of people into cities puts pressure on existing infrastructure and services, leading to issues such as overcrowding, inadequate housing, and strained public resources. 2. Infrastructure development: Urban administration often struggles to keep up with the demand for infrastructure development, including roads, transportation systems, water supply, and sanitation facilities. 3. Slums and informal settlements: The presence of slums and informal settlements poses challenges for urban administration in terms of providing basic services, improving living conditions, and ensuring the safety and well-being of residents. 4. Limited resources: Urban administration may face financial constraints and limited resources, making it difficult to meet the growing needs of urban areas and provide quality services to all residents. 5. Governance and coordination: Effective governance and coordination among various government departments, agencies, and stakeholders are essential for efficient urban administration. However, challenges in coordination and collaboration can hinder the smooth functioning of urban administration.
4. How does urban administration promote sustainable urban development?
Ans. Urban administration promotes sustainable urban development through various measures, such as: 1. Urban planning: It focuses on creating well-planned cities with proper zoning regulations, land use planning, and consideration for environmental factors. This helps in ensuring efficient use of resources, reducing pollution, and creating a sustainable urban environment. 2. Infrastructure development: Urban administration promotes the development of sustainable infrastructure, including public transport systems, green spaces, and water and waste management facilities. This helps in minimizing the ecological footprint of cities and enhancing their resilience to environmental challenges. 3. Conservation and preservation: Urban administration plays a crucial role in conserving and preserving natural resources, heritage sites, and green areas within cities. This includes the protection of biodiversity, historical buildings, and cultural heritage, contributing to the overall sustainability of urban areas. 4. Promotion of renewable energy: Urban administration encourages the use of renewable energy sources such as solar power, wind energy, and biofuels in urban areas. This helps in reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating the impact of urbanization on climate change. 5. Public awareness and participation: Urban administration promotes public awareness and participation in sustainable practices. This includes campaigns and initiatives to educate residents about waste management, energy conservation, and sustainable lifestyle choices, fostering a culture of sustainability in cities.
5. How can citizens actively participate in urban administration?
Ans. Citizens can actively participate in urban administration in the following ways: 1. Engage in local governance: Citizens can actively participate in local governance by attending public meetings, voicing their concerns, and providing feedback on various urban issues. This helps in ensuring that their opinions and needs are taken into account in decision-making processes. 2. Join citizen groups and associations: Citizens can join local citizen groups, associations, or resident welfare associations to collectively address urban issues and advocate for their rights. These groups can work with urban administration to bring about positive changes in their communities. 3. Volunteer for community initiatives: Citizens can volunteer for community initiatives related to urban development, such as cleanliness drives, tree plantation campaigns, or awareness programs. This not only contributes to the betterment of cities but also fosters a sense of ownership and pride among residents. 4. Participate in urban planning processes: Citizens can actively participate in urban planning processes by providing inputs, suggestions, and feedback on proposed plans and projects. This helps in ensuring that urban development is aligned with the needs and aspirations of the community. 5. Use technology for engagement: Citizens can leverage technology platforms and social media to engage with urban administration, share ideas, report issues, and participate in online discussions. This enables a wider reach and facilitates better communication between citizens and urban administrators.
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