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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 - Rural Livelihoods

Q1. You have probably noticed that people in Kalpattu are engaged in a variety of non-farm work. List five of these.
Ans: Five non-farm work of people in Kalpattu village:
(i) Making baskets, utensils,  pots,  bricks, bullock-carts etc.
(ii) Blacksmiths
(iii) Nursing
(iv) Teaching
(v) Shop-keeping
(vi) Trading


Q2. List the different types of people you read about in Kalpattu who depend on farming. Who is the poorest among them and why?
Ans: Different types of people who depend on farming are:
(i) Big landowner
(ii) Small landowners or Farmers
(iii) Landless farmers or Labourers
Landless farmers or labourers are the poorest among them because they have seasonal earning. They always have to look for work at other places after the harvesting period is over and also paid very less. They do not have fixed income and sometimes they go without work. Hence, in the chapter Thulasi is the poorest.


Q3. Imagine you are a member of a fishing family and you are discussing whether to take a loan from the bank for an engine. What would you say?
Ans: If i were a member of a fishing family then i must have taken loan from the bank for an engine to improve and to invest in the growth of the business. The engine is very costly and bank is a trusted institution from where we can borrow money. They have fixed terms and rates. They will not ask for shares in our profit and are reliable. Moreover, buying an engine will increase the income.


Q4. Poor rural labourers like Thulasi often do not have access to good medical facilities, good schools, and other resources. You have read about inequality in the first unit of this text. The difference between her and Ramalingam is one of inequality. Do you think this is a fair situation? What do you think can be done? Discuss in class.
Ans: The situation is not fair in aspects of constitution of India. The constitution grants every person to be equal in terms of the provision of the facility. However, to be access to good medical facilities, good schools, and other resources there are many factors which can be responsible. A person might have worked very hard and earned money to provide himself good facilities rather than the others. But, it is also the duty of the government to ensure at least the good basic facilities to every citizen of the country irrespective of their income. The government can provide them loan for work, farming land, low cost fertilisers and seeds, setting up hospitals etc. to help them.


Q5. What do you think the government can do to help farmers like Sekar when they get into debt? Discuss.
Ans: The government can do following things to help farmers like Sekar when they get into debt:
(i) Provision of easy farming loans from the banks at low rate of interest.
(ii) Insurance of their cultivation.
(iii) Provision of subsidised fertilizers, pesticides and HYV seeds.
(iv) Farming schools and help should be provided at no cost.


Q6. Compare the situation of Sekar and Ramalingam by filling out the following table:
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 - Rural Livelihoods
Ans:
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 - Rural Livelihoods

The document NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 - Rural Livelihoods is a part of the Class 6 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 6.
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FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 - Rural Livelihoods

1. What are rural livelihoods?
Ans. Rural livelihoods refer to the means of earning a living in rural areas. It includes various activities such as farming, fishing, livestock rearing, and other small-scale businesses that provide income and sustenance to rural communities.
2. How do rural livelihoods contribute to the economy?
Ans. Rural livelihoods play a significant role in the economy by providing employment opportunities, contributing to agricultural production, and generating income. These livelihood activities help in reducing poverty, improving rural infrastructure, and promoting overall economic development.
3. What are the challenges faced by rural livelihoods?
Ans. Rural livelihoods face several challenges such as limited access to resources like land, water, and credit, inadequate infrastructure, lack of market linkages, climate change impacts, and low productivity. These challenges hinder the growth and sustainability of rural livelihoods.
4. How can government initiatives support rural livelihoods?
Ans. The government can support rural livelihoods through various initiatives such as providing subsidies on agricultural inputs, implementing rural development programs, promoting skill development and entrepreneurship, improving rural infrastructure, and creating market linkages. These measures help in enhancing the productivity and income of rural communities.
5. What is the importance of sustainable rural livelihoods?
Ans. Sustainable rural livelihoods are crucial for the long-term well-being of rural communities and the environment. They promote the efficient use of natural resources, protect the ecosystem, and ensure the social and economic stability of rural areas. Sustainable livelihoods contribute to poverty reduction, food security, and environmental conservation in rural regions.
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