NCERT Summary: Rural Administration - Social Studies (SST) Class 6

Area of the Police Station

• Every police station has a fixed area which comes under its control.
• All persons of a particular area can register complaints in their local police station. 
  • The complaints can vary from theft, injury, fight or accident. 

The work at the Police Station

• The report lodged is known as First Information Report (F.I.R.). 
• The Station House Officer (S.H.O.) is in charge of every police station. 
• To get a case registered, one has to report in writing at the police station. 
  • Then, the police officials examine the case and take action as per the law. 
• In the rural areas, disputes occur over land very often.

Maintenance of Land Records

• Measuring land and keeping land records is the main work of the Patwari.
• The Patwari is known by different names in different states - in some villages such officers are called Lekhpal, in others Kanungo or Karamchari or Village Officer etc.

Functions of Patwari

• The Patwari maintains and updates the records of the village.
• Responsible for organising the collection of land revenue from the farmers and providing information to the government about the crops grown in this area.

Management of Land of Village

• All states in India are divided into districts. 
• These districts are further sub-divided known by different names such as tehsil, taluka, etc.
• At the head is the District Collector and under her are the revenue officers, also known as tehsildars.
• The revenue officers or tehsildars come under the district collector.
• The tehsildar is responsible for supervising the work of Patwari regarding collection of land revenue.
• They also perform administrative tasks like providing farmers with copies of their land records and hearing land disputes.

A New Law: Hindu Succession Amendment Act (2005)

•  The Hindu Succession Amendment Act (2005) came into force from September 2005.
• In the new law sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the land. 
• The same law will apply to all states and union territories of the country.