NCERT Textbook: अवधपुरी में राम | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 6 PDF Download

 Page 1


;g dFkk vo/ dh gSA vkSj cgqr iqjkuh
gSA vo/ esa lj;w unh osQ fdukjs ,d
vfr laqnj uxj FkkA v;ksè;kA lgh vFkks±
esa n'kZuh;A ns[kus yk;dA HkO;rk tSls
mldk nwljk uke gks! v;ksè;k esa osQoy
jktegy HkO; ugha FkkA mldh ,d&,d
bekjr vkyh'kku FkhA vke yksxksa osQ
?kj HkO; FksA lM+osaQ pkSM+h FkhaA lqanj
ckx&cxhpsA ikuh ls yckyc Hkjs ljksojA
[ksrksa esa ygjkrh gfj;kyhA gok esa fgyrh
I
+
kQlysa lj;w dh ygjksa osQ lkFk [ksyrh
FkhaA v;ksè;k gj rjg ls laiUu uxjh
FkhA laiUurk dksus&varjs rd fc[kjh
gqbZA lHkh lq[khA lc le`¼A nq%[k vkSj
foiUurk dks v;ksè;k dk irk ugha ekywe
FkkA ;k mUgsa uxj dh lhek esa izos'k dh
vuqefr ugha FkhA iwjk uxj foy{k.k FkkA
vn~Hkqr vkSj euksjeA
mls ,slk gksuk gh FkkA og dksly
jkT; dh jkt/kuh FkkA jktk n'kjFk ogha
jgrs FksA muosQ jkt esa nq%[k dk Hkyk
D;k dke\ jktk n'kjFk oqQ'ky ;ks¼k
vkSj U;k;fiz; 'kkld FksA egkjkt vt
osQ iq=kA egkjkt j?kq osQ oa'ktA j?kqoqQy
osQ mÙkjkf/dkjhA j?kqoqQy dh jhfr&uhfr
dk izHkko gj txg fn[kkbZ nsrk FkkA
lq[k&le`f¼ ls ysdj ckr&O;ogkj rdA
yksx e;kZnkvksa dk ikyu djrs FksA lnkpkjh
FksA ifo=krk vkSj 'kkafr gj txg FkhA uxj
esa HkhA yksxksa osQ eu esa HkhA
jktk n'kjFk ;'kLoh FksA mUgsa fdlh
ph”k dh deh ugha FkhA jkt&lq[k FkkA
deh gksus dk iz'u gh ugha FkkA ysfdu
mUgsa ,d nq%[k FkkA NksVk lk nq%[kA eu osQ
,d dksus esa fNik gqvkA og jg&jgdj
mHkj vkrk FkkA mUgsa lkyrk jgrk FkkA
muosQ dksbZ larku ugha FkhA vk;q yxkrkj
c<+rh tk jgh FkhA mudh rhu jkfu;k¡ Fkhaµ
dkS'kY;k] lqfe=kk vkSj oSQosQ;hA jkfu;ksa osQ
eu esa Hkh cl ;gh ,d nq%[k FkkA larku
dh dehA thou lwuk&lwuk yxrk FkkA
jktk n'kjFk ls jkfu;ksa dh ckrphr izk;%
blh fo"k; ij vkdj #d tkrh FkhA jktk
n'kjFk dh fPakrk c<+rh tk jgh FkhA
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


;g dFkk vo/ dh gSA vkSj cgqr iqjkuh
gSA vo/ esa lj;w unh osQ fdukjs ,d
vfr laqnj uxj FkkA v;ksè;kA lgh vFkks±
esa n'kZuh;A ns[kus yk;dA HkO;rk tSls
mldk nwljk uke gks! v;ksè;k esa osQoy
jktegy HkO; ugha FkkA mldh ,d&,d
bekjr vkyh'kku FkhA vke yksxksa osQ
?kj HkO; FksA lM+osaQ pkSM+h FkhaA lqanj
ckx&cxhpsA ikuh ls yckyc Hkjs ljksojA
[ksrksa esa ygjkrh gfj;kyhA gok esa fgyrh
I
+
kQlysa lj;w dh ygjksa osQ lkFk [ksyrh
FkhaA v;ksè;k gj rjg ls laiUu uxjh
FkhA laiUurk dksus&varjs rd fc[kjh
gqbZA lHkh lq[khA lc le`¼A nq%[k vkSj
foiUurk dks v;ksè;k dk irk ugha ekywe
FkkA ;k mUgsa uxj dh lhek esa izos'k dh
vuqefr ugha FkhA iwjk uxj foy{k.k FkkA
vn~Hkqr vkSj euksjeA
mls ,slk gksuk gh FkkA og dksly
jkT; dh jkt/kuh FkkA jktk n'kjFk ogha
jgrs FksA muosQ jkt esa nq%[k dk Hkyk
D;k dke\ jktk n'kjFk oqQ'ky ;ks¼k
vkSj U;k;fiz; 'kkld FksA egkjkt vt
osQ iq=kA egkjkt j?kq osQ oa'ktA j?kqoqQy
osQ mÙkjkf/dkjhA j?kqoqQy dh jhfr&uhfr
dk izHkko gj txg fn[kkbZ nsrk FkkA
lq[k&le`f¼ ls ysdj ckr&O;ogkj rdA
yksx e;kZnkvksa dk ikyu djrs FksA lnkpkjh
FksA ifo=krk vkSj 'kkafr gj txg FkhA uxj
esa HkhA yksxksa osQ eu esa HkhA
jktk n'kjFk ;'kLoh FksA mUgsa fdlh
ph”k dh deh ugha FkhA jkt&lq[k FkkA
deh gksus dk iz'u gh ugha FkkA ysfdu
mUgsa ,d nq%[k FkkA NksVk lk nq%[kA eu osQ
,d dksus esa fNik gqvkA og jg&jgdj
mHkj vkrk FkkA mUgsa lkyrk jgrk FkkA
muosQ dksbZ larku ugha FkhA vk;q yxkrkj
c<+rh tk jgh FkhA mudh rhu jkfu;k¡ Fkhaµ
dkS'kY;k] lqfe=kk vkSj oSQosQ;hA jkfu;ksa osQ
eu esa Hkh cl ;gh ,d nq%[k FkkA larku
dh dehA thou lwuk&lwuk yxrk FkkA
jktk n'kjFk ls jkfu;ksa dh ckrphr izk;%
blh fo"k; ij vkdj #d tkrh FkhA jktk
n'kjFk dh fPakrk c<+rh tk jgh FkhA
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24 Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


;g dFkk vo/ dh gSA vkSj cgqr iqjkuh
gSA vo/ esa lj;w unh osQ fdukjs ,d
vfr laqnj uxj FkkA v;ksè;kA lgh vFkks±
esa n'kZuh;A ns[kus yk;dA HkO;rk tSls
mldk nwljk uke gks! v;ksè;k esa osQoy
jktegy HkO; ugha FkkA mldh ,d&,d
bekjr vkyh'kku FkhA vke yksxksa osQ
?kj HkO; FksA lM+osaQ pkSM+h FkhaA lqanj
ckx&cxhpsA ikuh ls yckyc Hkjs ljksojA
[ksrksa esa ygjkrh gfj;kyhA gok esa fgyrh
I
+
kQlysa lj;w dh ygjksa osQ lkFk [ksyrh
FkhaA v;ksè;k gj rjg ls laiUu uxjh
FkhA laiUurk dksus&varjs rd fc[kjh
gqbZA lHkh lq[khA lc le`¼A nq%[k vkSj
foiUurk dks v;ksè;k dk irk ugha ekywe
FkkA ;k mUgsa uxj dh lhek esa izos'k dh
vuqefr ugha FkhA iwjk uxj foy{k.k FkkA
vn~Hkqr vkSj euksjeA
mls ,slk gksuk gh FkkA og dksly
jkT; dh jkt/kuh FkkA jktk n'kjFk ogha
jgrs FksA muosQ jkt esa nq%[k dk Hkyk
D;k dke\ jktk n'kjFk oqQ'ky ;ks¼k
vkSj U;k;fiz; 'kkld FksA egkjkt vt
osQ iq=kA egkjkt j?kq osQ oa'ktA j?kqoqQy
osQ mÙkjkf/dkjhA j?kqoqQy dh jhfr&uhfr
dk izHkko gj txg fn[kkbZ nsrk FkkA
lq[k&le`f¼ ls ysdj ckr&O;ogkj rdA
yksx e;kZnkvksa dk ikyu djrs FksA lnkpkjh
FksA ifo=krk vkSj 'kkafr gj txg FkhA uxj
esa HkhA yksxksa osQ eu esa HkhA
jktk n'kjFk ;'kLoh FksA mUgsa fdlh
ph”k dh deh ugha FkhA jkt&lq[k FkkA
deh gksus dk iz'u gh ugha FkkA ysfdu
mUgsa ,d nq%[k FkkA NksVk lk nq%[kA eu osQ
,d dksus esa fNik gqvkA og jg&jgdj
mHkj vkrk FkkA mUgsa lkyrk jgrk FkkA
muosQ dksbZ larku ugha FkhA vk;q yxkrkj
c<+rh tk jgh FkhA mudh rhu jkfu;k¡ Fkhaµ
dkS'kY;k] lqfe=kk vkSj oSQosQ;hA jkfu;ksa osQ
eu esa Hkh cl ;gh ,d nq%[k FkkA larku
dh dehA thou lwuk&lwuk yxrk FkkA
jktk n'kjFk ls jkfu;ksa dh ckrphr izk;%
blh fo"k; ij vkdj #d tkrh FkhA jktk
n'kjFk dh fPakrk c<+rh tk jgh FkhA
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24 Rationalised 2023-24
cgqr lksp&fopkjdj egkjkt n'kjFk
us bl laca/ esa of'k"B eqfu ls ppkZ dhA
mUgsa iwjh ckr foLrkj ls crkbZA j?kqoqQy
osQ vxys mÙkjkf/dkjh osQ ckjs esa viuh
fPakrk crkbZA eqfu of'k"B jktk n'kjFk dh
fPakrk le>rs FksA mUgksaus n'kjFk dks ;K
djus dh lykg nhA iq=ksf"V ;KA egf"kZ us
dgk] ¶vki iq=ksf"V ;K djsa] egkjkt!
vkidh bPNk vo'; iwjh gksxhA¸
;K egku riLoh Í"; Ük`ax dh ns[kjs[k
esa gqvkA iwjk uxj mldh rS;kjh esa yxk
gqvk FkkA ;K'kkyk lj;w unh osQ fdukjs
cukbZ xbZA ;K esa vusd jktkvksa dks
fueaf=kr fd;k x;kA reke Íf"k&eqfu
ièkkjsA 'ka[kèofu vkSj ea=kksPpkj osQ chp
,d&,d dj lcus vkgqfr MkyhA vafre
vkgqfr jktk n'kjFk dh FkhA
;K iwjk gqvkA vfXu osQ nsork us
egkjkt n'kjFk dks vk'khokZn fn;kA oqQN
le; ckn n'kjFk dh bPNk iwjh gqbZA
rhuksa jkfu;k¡ iq=korh gqb±A egkjkuh dkS'kY;k
us jke dks tUe fn;kA pS=k ekg dh
uoeh osQ fnuA jkuh lqfe=kk osQ nks iq=k
gq,A y{e.k vkSj 'k=kq?uA jkuh oSQosQ;h
osQ iq=k dk uke Hkjr j[kk x;kA
jktegy esa [kq'kh Nk xbZA uxj esa
c/kb;k¡ ctus yxhaA eaxyxhr xk, x,A
gj vksj [kq'khA mRlo tSlk n`';A jktk
n'kjFk izlUu FksA mudh euksdkeuk iwjh
gqbZA iztk izlUu Fkh fd n'kjFk dh fPakrk
nwj gqbZA uxj esa cM+k lekjksg vk;ksftr
fd;k x;kA /we/ke lsA vk;kstu esa nwj&nwj
ls yksx vk,A jktk n'kjFk us lcdks iwjk
lEeku fn;kA mUgsa diM+s] vukt vkSj
èku nsdj fonk fd;kA
pkjksa jktoqQekj /hjs&/hjs cM+s gq,A os
cgqr lqanj FksA lqn'kZuA lkFk [ksyus fudyrs
rks yksx mUgsa ns[krs jg tkrsA vk¡[ksa muls
gVrh gh ugha FkhaA pkjksa Hkkb;ksa esa vkil
esa cgqr izse FkkA os vius cM+s HkkbZ jke
dh vkKk ekurs FksA [ksyowQn esa y{e.k
izk;% jke osQ lkFk jgrsA Hkjr vkSj 'k=kq?u
dh ,d vyx tksM+h FkhA
vkSj cM+s gksus ij jktoqQekjksa dks
f'k{kk&nh{kk osQ fy, Hkstk x;kA mUgksaus
oqQ'ky vkSj viuh fo|k esa n{k xq#tuksa
ls Kku v£tr fd;kA 'kkL=kksa dk vè;;u
fd;kA 'kL=k&fo|k lh[khA pkjksa jktoqQekj
oqQ'kkxz&cqf¼ FksA tYn gh lc fo|kvksa
esa ikjaxr gks x,A jke blesa loksZifj FksA
muesa dbZ vU; xq.k Hkh FksA foosd]
'kkyhurk vkSj U;k;fiz;rkA jktk n'kjFk
dks jke lcls vf/d fiz; FksA T;s"B iq=k
gksus osQ dkj.kA vkSj bu ekuoh; xq.kksa osQ
dkj.k HkhA
3
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 4


;g dFkk vo/ dh gSA vkSj cgqr iqjkuh
gSA vo/ esa lj;w unh osQ fdukjs ,d
vfr laqnj uxj FkkA v;ksè;kA lgh vFkks±
esa n'kZuh;A ns[kus yk;dA HkO;rk tSls
mldk nwljk uke gks! v;ksè;k esa osQoy
jktegy HkO; ugha FkkA mldh ,d&,d
bekjr vkyh'kku FkhA vke yksxksa osQ
?kj HkO; FksA lM+osaQ pkSM+h FkhaA lqanj
ckx&cxhpsA ikuh ls yckyc Hkjs ljksojA
[ksrksa esa ygjkrh gfj;kyhA gok esa fgyrh
I
+
kQlysa lj;w dh ygjksa osQ lkFk [ksyrh
FkhaA v;ksè;k gj rjg ls laiUu uxjh
FkhA laiUurk dksus&varjs rd fc[kjh
gqbZA lHkh lq[khA lc le`¼A nq%[k vkSj
foiUurk dks v;ksè;k dk irk ugha ekywe
FkkA ;k mUgsa uxj dh lhek esa izos'k dh
vuqefr ugha FkhA iwjk uxj foy{k.k FkkA
vn~Hkqr vkSj euksjeA
mls ,slk gksuk gh FkkA og dksly
jkT; dh jkt/kuh FkkA jktk n'kjFk ogha
jgrs FksA muosQ jkt esa nq%[k dk Hkyk
D;k dke\ jktk n'kjFk oqQ'ky ;ks¼k
vkSj U;k;fiz; 'kkld FksA egkjkt vt
osQ iq=kA egkjkt j?kq osQ oa'ktA j?kqoqQy
osQ mÙkjkf/dkjhA j?kqoqQy dh jhfr&uhfr
dk izHkko gj txg fn[kkbZ nsrk FkkA
lq[k&le`f¼ ls ysdj ckr&O;ogkj rdA
yksx e;kZnkvksa dk ikyu djrs FksA lnkpkjh
FksA ifo=krk vkSj 'kkafr gj txg FkhA uxj
esa HkhA yksxksa osQ eu esa HkhA
jktk n'kjFk ;'kLoh FksA mUgsa fdlh
ph”k dh deh ugha FkhA jkt&lq[k FkkA
deh gksus dk iz'u gh ugha FkkA ysfdu
mUgsa ,d nq%[k FkkA NksVk lk nq%[kA eu osQ
,d dksus esa fNik gqvkA og jg&jgdj
mHkj vkrk FkkA mUgsa lkyrk jgrk FkkA
muosQ dksbZ larku ugha FkhA vk;q yxkrkj
c<+rh tk jgh FkhA mudh rhu jkfu;k¡ Fkhaµ
dkS'kY;k] lqfe=kk vkSj oSQosQ;hA jkfu;ksa osQ
eu esa Hkh cl ;gh ,d nq%[k FkkA larku
dh dehA thou lwuk&lwuk yxrk FkkA
jktk n'kjFk ls jkfu;ksa dh ckrphr izk;%
blh fo"k; ij vkdj #d tkrh FkhA jktk
n'kjFk dh fPakrk c<+rh tk jgh FkhA
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24 Rationalised 2023-24
cgqr lksp&fopkjdj egkjkt n'kjFk
us bl laca/ esa of'k"B eqfu ls ppkZ dhA
mUgsa iwjh ckr foLrkj ls crkbZA j?kqoqQy
osQ vxys mÙkjkf/dkjh osQ ckjs esa viuh
fPakrk crkbZA eqfu of'k"B jktk n'kjFk dh
fPakrk le>rs FksA mUgksaus n'kjFk dks ;K
djus dh lykg nhA iq=ksf"V ;KA egf"kZ us
dgk] ¶vki iq=ksf"V ;K djsa] egkjkt!
vkidh bPNk vo'; iwjh gksxhA¸
;K egku riLoh Í"; Ük`ax dh ns[kjs[k
esa gqvkA iwjk uxj mldh rS;kjh esa yxk
gqvk FkkA ;K'kkyk lj;w unh osQ fdukjs
cukbZ xbZA ;K esa vusd jktkvksa dks
fueaf=kr fd;k x;kA reke Íf"k&eqfu
ièkkjsA 'ka[kèofu vkSj ea=kksPpkj osQ chp
,d&,d dj lcus vkgqfr MkyhA vafre
vkgqfr jktk n'kjFk dh FkhA
;K iwjk gqvkA vfXu osQ nsork us
egkjkt n'kjFk dks vk'khokZn fn;kA oqQN
le; ckn n'kjFk dh bPNk iwjh gqbZA
rhuksa jkfu;k¡ iq=korh gqb±A egkjkuh dkS'kY;k
us jke dks tUe fn;kA pS=k ekg dh
uoeh osQ fnuA jkuh lqfe=kk osQ nks iq=k
gq,A y{e.k vkSj 'k=kq?uA jkuh oSQosQ;h
osQ iq=k dk uke Hkjr j[kk x;kA
jktegy esa [kq'kh Nk xbZA uxj esa
c/kb;k¡ ctus yxhaA eaxyxhr xk, x,A
gj vksj [kq'khA mRlo tSlk n`';A jktk
n'kjFk izlUu FksA mudh euksdkeuk iwjh
gqbZA iztk izlUu Fkh fd n'kjFk dh fPakrk
nwj gqbZA uxj esa cM+k lekjksg vk;ksftr
fd;k x;kA /we/ke lsA vk;kstu esa nwj&nwj
ls yksx vk,A jktk n'kjFk us lcdks iwjk
lEeku fn;kA mUgsa diM+s] vukt vkSj
èku nsdj fonk fd;kA
pkjksa jktoqQekj /hjs&/hjs cM+s gq,A os
cgqr lqanj FksA lqn'kZuA lkFk [ksyus fudyrs
rks yksx mUgsa ns[krs jg tkrsA vk¡[ksa muls
gVrh gh ugha FkhaA pkjksa Hkkb;ksa esa vkil
esa cgqr izse FkkA os vius cM+s HkkbZ jke
dh vkKk ekurs FksA [ksyowQn esa y{e.k
izk;% jke osQ lkFk jgrsA Hkjr vkSj 'k=kq?u
dh ,d vyx tksM+h FkhA
vkSj cM+s gksus ij jktoqQekjksa dks
f'k{kk&nh{kk osQ fy, Hkstk x;kA mUgksaus
oqQ'ky vkSj viuh fo|k esa n{k xq#tuksa
ls Kku v£tr fd;kA 'kkL=kksa dk vè;;u
fd;kA 'kL=k&fo|k lh[khA pkjksa jktoqQekj
oqQ'kkxz&cqf¼ FksA tYn gh lc fo|kvksa
esa ikjaxr gks x,A jke blesa loksZifj FksA
muesa dbZ vU; xq.k Hkh FksA foosd]
'kkyhurk vkSj U;k;fiz;rkA jktk n'kjFk
dks jke lcls vf/d fiz; FksA T;s"B iq=k
gksus osQ dkj.kA vkSj bu ekuoh; xq.kksa osQ
dkj.k HkhA
3
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24
4
cky jkedFkk
jktoqQekj oqQN vkSj cM+s gq,A fookg
;ksX;A uxj esa bldh ppkZ gksus yxhA
egkjkt n'kjFk Hkh ,slk gh pkgrs FksA
viuh larkuksa osQ fy, lq;ksX; o/q,¡A
ifjtuksa esa ppkZ igys ls gh gks jgh FkhA
ckn esa iqjksfgrksa dks Hkh blesa 'kkfey
dj fy;k x;kA
v;ksè;k dk jktegyA ,d fnu ,slh
gh ppkZ py jgh FkhA xgu ea=k.kkA rHkh
,d }kjiky ?kcjk;k gqvk vanj vk;kA mlus
lwpuk nh fd eg£"k fo'okfe=k i/kjs gSaA
egkjkt n'kjFk rRdky viuk vklu NksM+dj
[kM+s gks x,A }kj dh vksj c<+sA egf"kZ dh
vxokuh djusA mUgsa ysdj njckj esa vk,A
fo'okfe=k dks Å¡pk vklu fn;k x;kA
fo'okfe=k dHkh Lo;a jktk FksA cgqr
cM+s vkSj cy'kkyhA ckn esa viuk jktikV
NksM+ fn;kA laU;kl xzg.k dj fy;kA taxy
pys x,A ogha mUgksaus viuk vkJe cuk;kA
mls mUgksaus fl¼kJe uke fn;kA
egf"kZ osQ Lokxr&lRdkj osQ ckn n'kjFk
us dgk] ¶egf"kZ] vkKk nsa] eSa vkidh
D;k lsok dj ldrk gw¡A vki vius eu
dh ckr dfg,A vkidh vkKk dk iwjh
rjg ikyu gksxkA¸
¶jktu! eSa tks ek¡xus tk jgk gw¡ mls
nsuk vkiosQ fy, dfBu gksxkA¸
¶vki vkKk nhft,] egf"kZ! eSa mls
iwjk djus osQ fy, rRij gw¡A fcyoqQy
ugha fgpow¡QxkA¸
¶eSa flf¼ osQ fy, ,d ;K dj jgk
gw¡A vuq"Bku yxHkx iwjk gks x;k gSA
ysfdu nks jk{kl mlesa ck/k Mky jgs gSaA
eSa tkurk gw¡ fd mu jk{klksa dks osQoy
,d gh O;fDr ekj ldrk gSA og jke
gSaA vki vius T;s"B iq=k dks eq>s ns nsa
rkfd ;K iwjk gks]¸ fo'okfe=k us dgkA
n'kjFk ij tSls fctyh fxj iM+hA og
vpdpk x,A mUgsa mEehn gh ugha Fkh
fd eqfuoj muls jke dks ek¡x ysaxsA
muosQ T;s"B iq=kA muosQ lcls fiz;A n'kjFk
¯prk esa iM+ x,A
fo'okfe=k n'kjFk dh nqfo/k le>
jgs FksA mUgksaus dgk] ¶eSa jke dks osQoy
oqQN fnuksa osQ fy, ek¡x jgk gw¡A ;K nl
fnu esa laiUu gks tk,xkA¸ egkjkt n'kjFk
nq%[kh gks x,A iq=k&fo;ksx dh vk'kadk ls
dk¡i mBsA njckj esa lUukVk Nk x;kA
n'kjFk dh n'kk ns[kdj ea=kh fPakfrr FksA
ij pqi FksA egf"kZ of'k"B 'kkar FksA brus
esa n'kjFk dk¡i dj csgks'k gks x,A gks'k
vk;k rks Mj us mUgsa fiQj tdM+ fy;kA
ewfPZNr gksdj nksckjk fxj iMs+A laKk&'kwU;
iM+s jgsA
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 5


;g dFkk vo/ dh gSA vkSj cgqr iqjkuh
gSA vo/ esa lj;w unh osQ fdukjs ,d
vfr laqnj uxj FkkA v;ksè;kA lgh vFkks±
esa n'kZuh;A ns[kus yk;dA HkO;rk tSls
mldk nwljk uke gks! v;ksè;k esa osQoy
jktegy HkO; ugha FkkA mldh ,d&,d
bekjr vkyh'kku FkhA vke yksxksa osQ
?kj HkO; FksA lM+osaQ pkSM+h FkhaA lqanj
ckx&cxhpsA ikuh ls yckyc Hkjs ljksojA
[ksrksa esa ygjkrh gfj;kyhA gok esa fgyrh
I
+
kQlysa lj;w dh ygjksa osQ lkFk [ksyrh
FkhaA v;ksè;k gj rjg ls laiUu uxjh
FkhA laiUurk dksus&varjs rd fc[kjh
gqbZA lHkh lq[khA lc le`¼A nq%[k vkSj
foiUurk dks v;ksè;k dk irk ugha ekywe
FkkA ;k mUgsa uxj dh lhek esa izos'k dh
vuqefr ugha FkhA iwjk uxj foy{k.k FkkA
vn~Hkqr vkSj euksjeA
mls ,slk gksuk gh FkkA og dksly
jkT; dh jkt/kuh FkkA jktk n'kjFk ogha
jgrs FksA muosQ jkt esa nq%[k dk Hkyk
D;k dke\ jktk n'kjFk oqQ'ky ;ks¼k
vkSj U;k;fiz; 'kkld FksA egkjkt vt
osQ iq=kA egkjkt j?kq osQ oa'ktA j?kqoqQy
osQ mÙkjkf/dkjhA j?kqoqQy dh jhfr&uhfr
dk izHkko gj txg fn[kkbZ nsrk FkkA
lq[k&le`f¼ ls ysdj ckr&O;ogkj rdA
yksx e;kZnkvksa dk ikyu djrs FksA lnkpkjh
FksA ifo=krk vkSj 'kkafr gj txg FkhA uxj
esa HkhA yksxksa osQ eu esa HkhA
jktk n'kjFk ;'kLoh FksA mUgsa fdlh
ph”k dh deh ugha FkhA jkt&lq[k FkkA
deh gksus dk iz'u gh ugha FkkA ysfdu
mUgsa ,d nq%[k FkkA NksVk lk nq%[kA eu osQ
,d dksus esa fNik gqvkA og jg&jgdj
mHkj vkrk FkkA mUgsa lkyrk jgrk FkkA
muosQ dksbZ larku ugha FkhA vk;q yxkrkj
c<+rh tk jgh FkhA mudh rhu jkfu;k¡ Fkhaµ
dkS'kY;k] lqfe=kk vkSj oSQosQ;hA jkfu;ksa osQ
eu esa Hkh cl ;gh ,d nq%[k FkkA larku
dh dehA thou lwuk&lwuk yxrk FkkA
jktk n'kjFk ls jkfu;ksa dh ckrphr izk;%
blh fo"k; ij vkdj #d tkrh FkhA jktk
n'kjFk dh fPakrk c<+rh tk jgh FkhA
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24 Rationalised 2023-24
cgqr lksp&fopkjdj egkjkt n'kjFk
us bl laca/ esa of'k"B eqfu ls ppkZ dhA
mUgsa iwjh ckr foLrkj ls crkbZA j?kqoqQy
osQ vxys mÙkjkf/dkjh osQ ckjs esa viuh
fPakrk crkbZA eqfu of'k"B jktk n'kjFk dh
fPakrk le>rs FksA mUgksaus n'kjFk dks ;K
djus dh lykg nhA iq=ksf"V ;KA egf"kZ us
dgk] ¶vki iq=ksf"V ;K djsa] egkjkt!
vkidh bPNk vo'; iwjh gksxhA¸
;K egku riLoh Í"; Ük`ax dh ns[kjs[k
esa gqvkA iwjk uxj mldh rS;kjh esa yxk
gqvk FkkA ;K'kkyk lj;w unh osQ fdukjs
cukbZ xbZA ;K esa vusd jktkvksa dks
fueaf=kr fd;k x;kA reke Íf"k&eqfu
ièkkjsA 'ka[kèofu vkSj ea=kksPpkj osQ chp
,d&,d dj lcus vkgqfr MkyhA vafre
vkgqfr jktk n'kjFk dh FkhA
;K iwjk gqvkA vfXu osQ nsork us
egkjkt n'kjFk dks vk'khokZn fn;kA oqQN
le; ckn n'kjFk dh bPNk iwjh gqbZA
rhuksa jkfu;k¡ iq=korh gqb±A egkjkuh dkS'kY;k
us jke dks tUe fn;kA pS=k ekg dh
uoeh osQ fnuA jkuh lqfe=kk osQ nks iq=k
gq,A y{e.k vkSj 'k=kq?uA jkuh oSQosQ;h
osQ iq=k dk uke Hkjr j[kk x;kA
jktegy esa [kq'kh Nk xbZA uxj esa
c/kb;k¡ ctus yxhaA eaxyxhr xk, x,A
gj vksj [kq'khA mRlo tSlk n`';A jktk
n'kjFk izlUu FksA mudh euksdkeuk iwjh
gqbZA iztk izlUu Fkh fd n'kjFk dh fPakrk
nwj gqbZA uxj esa cM+k lekjksg vk;ksftr
fd;k x;kA /we/ke lsA vk;kstu esa nwj&nwj
ls yksx vk,A jktk n'kjFk us lcdks iwjk
lEeku fn;kA mUgsa diM+s] vukt vkSj
èku nsdj fonk fd;kA
pkjksa jktoqQekj /hjs&/hjs cM+s gq,A os
cgqr lqanj FksA lqn'kZuA lkFk [ksyus fudyrs
rks yksx mUgsa ns[krs jg tkrsA vk¡[ksa muls
gVrh gh ugha FkhaA pkjksa Hkkb;ksa esa vkil
esa cgqr izse FkkA os vius cM+s HkkbZ jke
dh vkKk ekurs FksA [ksyowQn esa y{e.k
izk;% jke osQ lkFk jgrsA Hkjr vkSj 'k=kq?u
dh ,d vyx tksM+h FkhA
vkSj cM+s gksus ij jktoqQekjksa dks
f'k{kk&nh{kk osQ fy, Hkstk x;kA mUgksaus
oqQ'ky vkSj viuh fo|k esa n{k xq#tuksa
ls Kku v£tr fd;kA 'kkL=kksa dk vè;;u
fd;kA 'kL=k&fo|k lh[khA pkjksa jktoqQekj
oqQ'kkxz&cqf¼ FksA tYn gh lc fo|kvksa
esa ikjaxr gks x,A jke blesa loksZifj FksA
muesa dbZ vU; xq.k Hkh FksA foosd]
'kkyhurk vkSj U;k;fiz;rkA jktk n'kjFk
dks jke lcls vf/d fiz; FksA T;s"B iq=k
gksus osQ dkj.kA vkSj bu ekuoh; xq.kksa osQ
dkj.k HkhA
3
vo/iqjh esa jke
Rationalised 2023-24
4
cky jkedFkk
jktoqQekj oqQN vkSj cM+s gq,A fookg
;ksX;A uxj esa bldh ppkZ gksus yxhA
egkjkt n'kjFk Hkh ,slk gh pkgrs FksA
viuh larkuksa osQ fy, lq;ksX; o/q,¡A
ifjtuksa esa ppkZ igys ls gh gks jgh FkhA
ckn esa iqjksfgrksa dks Hkh blesa 'kkfey
dj fy;k x;kA
v;ksè;k dk jktegyA ,d fnu ,slh
gh ppkZ py jgh FkhA xgu ea=k.kkA rHkh
,d }kjiky ?kcjk;k gqvk vanj vk;kA mlus
lwpuk nh fd eg£"k fo'okfe=k i/kjs gSaA
egkjkt n'kjFk rRdky viuk vklu NksM+dj
[kM+s gks x,A }kj dh vksj c<+sA egf"kZ dh
vxokuh djusA mUgsa ysdj njckj esa vk,A
fo'okfe=k dks Å¡pk vklu fn;k x;kA
fo'okfe=k dHkh Lo;a jktk FksA cgqr
cM+s vkSj cy'kkyhA ckn esa viuk jktikV
NksM+ fn;kA laU;kl xzg.k dj fy;kA taxy
pys x,A ogha mUgksaus viuk vkJe cuk;kA
mls mUgksaus fl¼kJe uke fn;kA
egf"kZ osQ Lokxr&lRdkj osQ ckn n'kjFk
us dgk] ¶egf"kZ] vkKk nsa] eSa vkidh
D;k lsok dj ldrk gw¡A vki vius eu
dh ckr dfg,A vkidh vkKk dk iwjh
rjg ikyu gksxkA¸
¶jktu! eSa tks ek¡xus tk jgk gw¡ mls
nsuk vkiosQ fy, dfBu gksxkA¸
¶vki vkKk nhft,] egf"kZ! eSa mls
iwjk djus osQ fy, rRij gw¡A fcyoqQy
ugha fgpow¡QxkA¸
¶eSa flf¼ osQ fy, ,d ;K dj jgk
gw¡A vuq"Bku yxHkx iwjk gks x;k gSA
ysfdu nks jk{kl mlesa ck/k Mky jgs gSaA
eSa tkurk gw¡ fd mu jk{klksa dks osQoy
,d gh O;fDr ekj ldrk gSA og jke
gSaA vki vius T;s"B iq=k dks eq>s ns nsa
rkfd ;K iwjk gks]¸ fo'okfe=k us dgkA
n'kjFk ij tSls fctyh fxj iM+hA og
vpdpk x,A mUgsa mEehn gh ugha Fkh
fd eqfuoj muls jke dks ek¡x ysaxsA
muosQ T;s"B iq=kA muosQ lcls fiz;A n'kjFk
¯prk esa iM+ x,A
fo'okfe=k n'kjFk dh nqfo/k le>
jgs FksA mUgksaus dgk] ¶eSa jke dks osQoy
oqQN fnuksa osQ fy, ek¡x jgk gw¡A ;K nl
fnu esa laiUu gks tk,xkA¸ egkjkt n'kjFk
nq%[kh gks x,A iq=k&fo;ksx dh vk'kadk ls
dk¡i mBsA njckj esa lUukVk Nk x;kA
n'kjFk dh n'kk ns[kdj ea=kh fPakfrr FksA
ij pqi FksA egf"kZ of'k"B 'kkar FksA brus
esa n'kjFk dk¡i dj csgks'k gks x,A gks'k
vk;k rks Mj us mUgsa fiQj tdM+ fy;kA
ewfPZNr gksdj nksckjk fxj iMs+A laKk&'kwU;
iM+s jgsA
Rationalised 2023-24
5
vo/iqjh esa jke
egf"kZ fo'okfe=k dk Øks/ c<+rk tk
jgk FkkA njckj l'kafdr FkkA fdlh vfu"V
dh vk'kadk lsA os oqQN le> ugha ik
jgs FksA egf"kZ vkSj egkjkt osQ chp
laokn esa oqQN cksyuk mfpr Hkh ugha
FkkA eqfu of'k"B pqipki vkdj egkjkt
n'kjFk osQ ikl [kM+s gks x,A
FkksM+h nsj ckn n'kjFk mBsA Lo;a dks
l¡Hkkyrs gq, mUgksaus egf"kZ ls fourh dh]
¶egkeqfu! esjk jke rks vHkh lksyg o"kZ
dk Hkh ugha gqvk gSA og jk{klksa ls oSQls
yM+sxk\ jk{kl ek;koh gSaA og mudk
Ny&diV oSQls le>sxk\ mUgsa oSQls ekjsxk\
blls vPNk rks ;gh gksxk fd vki esjh
lsuk ys tk,¡A eSa Lo;a vkiosQ lkFk pyw¡A
jk{klksa ls ;q¼ d:¡ A¸
egf"kZ fo'okfe=k us dksbZ izfrfØ;k
O;Dr ugha dhA Øksf/r Fks] ij mls O;Dr
ugha dj jgs FksA mUgsa vius ;K osQ fu;e
;kn FksA Øks/ djus ls ;K [kafMr gks
tkrkA vuq"Bku v/wjk jg tkrkA
¶eSa jke osQ fcuk ugha jg ldrk]
egkeqfu! ,d iy Hkh ughaA vki jke dks
NksM+dj tks pkgsa ek¡x ysaA mls er ys
tkb,A eSa jke dks ugha nw¡xkA fcyoqQy
ughaA og esjh cq<+kis dh larku gSA eSa
mlls cgqr izse djrk gw¡A¸
egf"kZ dk Øks/ HkHkd mBkA njckj]
ea=khx.k vkSj Íf"k&eqfu ldrs esa vk
x,A ¶vki j?kqoqQy dh jhfr rksM+ jgs gSa]
jktuA opu nsdj ihNs gV jgs gSaA ;g
cjrko oqQy osQ fouk'k dk lwpd gSA
vki tkurs gSa fd eSa Lo;a nq"V jk{klksa
dk lagkj dj ldrk FkkA ysfdu eSaus
laU;kl ys fy;k gSA vxj vki jke dks
ugha nsaxs rks eSa ;gk¡ ls [kkyh gkFk ykSV
tkÅ¡ xkA¸
ckr fcxM+rh ns[kdj eqfu of'k"B vkxs
vk,A egkjkt n'kjFk dks le>k;kA jke dh
'kfDr osQ ckjs esaA izfrKk rksM+us osQ laca/ esaA
egf"kZ fo'okfe=k osQ lkFk jgus ij jktoqQekj
jke dks gksus okys ykHk osQ ckjs esaA
¶jktu] vkidks viuk opu iwjk djuk
pkfg,A j?kqoqQy dh jhfr ;gh gSA izk.k
nsdj Hkh vkiosQ iwoZtksa us opu fuHkk;k
gSA vki jke dh fPakrk u djsaA egf"kZ osQ
gksrs mudk dksbZ oqQN ugha fcxkM+ ldrkA¸
egkjkt n'kjFk dh fPakrk oqQN de
gqbZA ij eu vc Hkh f[kUu FkkA iq=k&fcNksg
dk nq%[k lHkh rdks± ij Hkkjh iM+ jgk FkkA
xq# of'k"B us dgk] ¶egkjkt] egf"kZ
fo'okfe=k fl¼ iq#"k gSaA riLoh gSaA vusd
xqIr fo|kvksa osQ tkudkj gSaA og oqQN
lkspdj gh ;gk¡ vk, gSaA jke muls vusd
Rationalised 2023-24