NCERT Textbook: पाठ -12, एक फूल की चाह, स्पर्श, हिन्दी, कक्षा - 9 Class 9 Notes | EduRev

 Page 1


102/Li'kZ
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr
(1895 - 1963)
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dk tUe >k¡lh osQ fudV fpjxk¡o esa lu~ 1895 esa gqvk FkkA jk"Vªdfo
eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr buosQ cM+s HkkbZ FksA xqIr th osQ firk Hkh dfork,¡ fy[krs FksA bl dkj.k ifjokj
esa gh bUgsa dfork osQ laLdkj Lor% izkIr gq,A xqIr th egkRek xkaèkh vkSj fouksck Hkkos osQ fopkjksa
osQ vuq;k;h FksA bldk laosQr budh jpukvksa esa Hkh feyrk gSA xqIr th dh jpukvksa dk izeq[k
xq.k gS dFkkRedrkA bUgksaus lkekftd oqQjhfr;ksa ij djkjh pksV dh gSA ns'k dh Toyar ?kVukvksa
vkSj leL;kvksa dk thoar fp=k bUgksaus izLrqr fd;k gSA buosQ dkO; dh i`"BHkwfe vrhr gks ;k
orZeku] muesa vkèkqfud ekuork dh d#.kk] ;kruk vkSj }a} lefUor :i esa mHkjk gSA
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dh izeq[k Ñfr;k¡ gSa % ekS;Z fot;] vknzkZ] ikFks;] e`.e;h] mUeqDr]
vkReksRlxZ] nwokZny vkSj uoqQyA
^,d iwQy dh pkg* xqIr th dh ,d yach vkSj izfl¼ dfork gSA izLrqr ikB mlh dfork
dk ,d va'k ek=k gSA iwjh dfork NqvkNwr dh leL;k ij osaQfnzr gSA ,d ej.kklUu vNwr dU;k
osQ eu esa ;g pkg mBh fd dk'k! nsoh osQ pj.kksa esa vfiZr fd;k gqvk ,d iwQy ykdj dksbZ
mls ns nsrkA dU;k osQ firk us csVh dh euksdkeuk iwjh djus dk chM+k mBk;kA og nsoh osQ eafnj
esa tk igq¡pkA nsoh dh vkjkèkuk Hkh dh] ij mlosQ ckn og nsoh osQ HkDrksa dh u”kj esa [kVdus
yxkA ekuo&ek=k dks ,dleku ekuus dh ulhgr nsusokyh nsoh osQ lo.kZ HkDrksa us ml foo'k]
ykpkj] vkdka{kh exj vNwr firk osQ lkFk oSQlk lywd fd;k] D;k og viuh csVh dks iwQy
ykdj ns ldk\ ;g dfork dk ekfeZd va'k gh crk,xkA
Page 2


102/Li'kZ
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr
(1895 - 1963)
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dk tUe >k¡lh osQ fudV fpjxk¡o esa lu~ 1895 esa gqvk FkkA jk"Vªdfo
eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr buosQ cM+s HkkbZ FksA xqIr th osQ firk Hkh dfork,¡ fy[krs FksA bl dkj.k ifjokj
esa gh bUgsa dfork osQ laLdkj Lor% izkIr gq,A xqIr th egkRek xkaèkh vkSj fouksck Hkkos osQ fopkjksa
osQ vuq;k;h FksA bldk laosQr budh jpukvksa esa Hkh feyrk gSA xqIr th dh jpukvksa dk izeq[k
xq.k gS dFkkRedrkA bUgksaus lkekftd oqQjhfr;ksa ij djkjh pksV dh gSA ns'k dh Toyar ?kVukvksa
vkSj leL;kvksa dk thoar fp=k bUgksaus izLrqr fd;k gSA buosQ dkO; dh i`"BHkwfe vrhr gks ;k
orZeku] muesa vkèkqfud ekuork dh d#.kk] ;kruk vkSj }a} lefUor :i esa mHkjk gSA
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dh izeq[k Ñfr;k¡ gSa % ekS;Z fot;] vknzkZ] ikFks;] e`.e;h] mUeqDr]
vkReksRlxZ] nwokZny vkSj uoqQyA
^,d iwQy dh pkg* xqIr th dh ,d yach vkSj izfl¼ dfork gSA izLrqr ikB mlh dfork
dk ,d va'k ek=k gSA iwjh dfork NqvkNwr dh leL;k ij osaQfnzr gSA ,d ej.kklUu vNwr dU;k
osQ eu esa ;g pkg mBh fd dk'k! nsoh osQ pj.kksa esa vfiZr fd;k gqvk ,d iwQy ykdj dksbZ
mls ns nsrkA dU;k osQ firk us csVh dh euksdkeuk iwjh djus dk chM+k mBk;kA og nsoh osQ eafnj
esa tk igq¡pkA nsoh dh vkjkèkuk Hkh dh] ij mlosQ ckn og nsoh osQ HkDrksa dh u”kj esa [kVdus
yxkA ekuo&ek=k dks ,dleku ekuus dh ulhgr nsusokyh nsoh osQ lo.kZ HkDrksa us ml foo'k]
ykpkj] vkdka{kh exj vNwr firk osQ lkFk oSQlk lywd fd;k] D;k og viuh csVh dks iwQy
ykdj ns ldk\ ;g dfork dk ekfeZd va'k gh crk,xkA
,d iwQy dh pkg/103
,d iwQy dh pkg
m}sfyr dj vJq&jkf'k;k¡]
ân;&fprk,¡   èkèkdkdj]
egk egkekjh  izpaM gks
iSQy jgh Fkh  bèkj&mèkjA
{kh.k&oaQB e`roRlkvksa dk
djQ.k jQnu nqnk±r furkar]
Hkjs gq, Fkk fut Ñ'k jo esa
gkgkdkj  vikj  v'kkarA
cgqr jksdrk Fkk lqf[k;k dks]
^u tk [ksyus dks ckgj*]
ugha [ksyuk jQdrk mldk
ugha Bgjrh og iy&HkjA
esjk ân; dk¡i mBrk Fkk]
ckgj  xbZ  fugkj  mls_
;gh eukrk Fkk fd cpk yw¡
fdlh Hkk¡fr bl ckj mlsA
Page 3


102/Li'kZ
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr
(1895 - 1963)
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dk tUe >k¡lh osQ fudV fpjxk¡o esa lu~ 1895 esa gqvk FkkA jk"Vªdfo
eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr buosQ cM+s HkkbZ FksA xqIr th osQ firk Hkh dfork,¡ fy[krs FksA bl dkj.k ifjokj
esa gh bUgsa dfork osQ laLdkj Lor% izkIr gq,A xqIr th egkRek xkaèkh vkSj fouksck Hkkos osQ fopkjksa
osQ vuq;k;h FksA bldk laosQr budh jpukvksa esa Hkh feyrk gSA xqIr th dh jpukvksa dk izeq[k
xq.k gS dFkkRedrkA bUgksaus lkekftd oqQjhfr;ksa ij djkjh pksV dh gSA ns'k dh Toyar ?kVukvksa
vkSj leL;kvksa dk thoar fp=k bUgksaus izLrqr fd;k gSA buosQ dkO; dh i`"BHkwfe vrhr gks ;k
orZeku] muesa vkèkqfud ekuork dh d#.kk] ;kruk vkSj }a} lefUor :i esa mHkjk gSA
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dh izeq[k Ñfr;k¡ gSa % ekS;Z fot;] vknzkZ] ikFks;] e`.e;h] mUeqDr]
vkReksRlxZ] nwokZny vkSj uoqQyA
^,d iwQy dh pkg* xqIr th dh ,d yach vkSj izfl¼ dfork gSA izLrqr ikB mlh dfork
dk ,d va'k ek=k gSA iwjh dfork NqvkNwr dh leL;k ij osaQfnzr gSA ,d ej.kklUu vNwr dU;k
osQ eu esa ;g pkg mBh fd dk'k! nsoh osQ pj.kksa esa vfiZr fd;k gqvk ,d iwQy ykdj dksbZ
mls ns nsrkA dU;k osQ firk us csVh dh euksdkeuk iwjh djus dk chM+k mBk;kA og nsoh osQ eafnj
esa tk igq¡pkA nsoh dh vkjkèkuk Hkh dh] ij mlosQ ckn og nsoh osQ HkDrksa dh u”kj esa [kVdus
yxkA ekuo&ek=k dks ,dleku ekuus dh ulhgr nsusokyh nsoh osQ lo.kZ HkDrksa us ml foo'k]
ykpkj] vkdka{kh exj vNwr firk osQ lkFk oSQlk lywd fd;k] D;k og viuh csVh dks iwQy
ykdj ns ldk\ ;g dfork dk ekfeZd va'k gh crk,xkA
,d iwQy dh pkg/103
,d iwQy dh pkg
m}sfyr dj vJq&jkf'k;k¡]
ân;&fprk,¡   èkèkdkdj]
egk egkekjh  izpaM gks
iSQy jgh Fkh  bèkj&mèkjA
{kh.k&oaQB e`roRlkvksa dk
djQ.k jQnu nqnk±r furkar]
Hkjs gq, Fkk fut Ñ'k jo esa
gkgkdkj  vikj  v'kkarA
cgqr jksdrk Fkk lqf[k;k dks]
^u tk [ksyus dks ckgj*]
ugha [ksyuk jQdrk mldk
ugha Bgjrh og iy&HkjA
esjk ân; dk¡i mBrk Fkk]
ckgj  xbZ  fugkj  mls_
;gh eukrk Fkk fd cpk yw¡
fdlh Hkk¡fr bl ckj mlsA
104/Li'kZ
Hkhrj tks Mj jgk fNik,]
gk;!  ogh  ckgj  vk;kA
,d fnol lqf[k;k osQ ruq dks
rki&rIr    eSaus   ik;kA
Toj esa foày gks cksyh og]
D;k tkuw¡ fdl Mj ls Mj]
eq>dks nsoh osQ izlkn dk
,d iwQy  gh  nks  ykdjA
Øe'k% oaQB {kh.k gks vk;k]
f'kfFky gq, vo;o lkjs]
cSBk Fkk uo&uo mik; dh
fpark  esa  eSa  euekjsA
tku ldk u izHkkr ltx ls
gqbZ  vyl  dc  nksigjh]
Lo.kZ&?kuksa esa dc jfo Mwck]
dc vkbZ  laè;k  xgjhA
lHkh vksj fn[kykbZ nh cl]
vaèkdkj  dh  gh  Nk;k]
NksVh&lh cPph dks xzlus
fdruk cM+k frfej vk;k!
mQij foLr`r egkdk'k esa
tyrs&ls  vaxkjksa  ls]
>qylh&lh tkrh Fkh vk¡[ksa
txex txrs rkjksa lsA
Page 4


102/Li'kZ
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr
(1895 - 1963)
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dk tUe >k¡lh osQ fudV fpjxk¡o esa lu~ 1895 esa gqvk FkkA jk"Vªdfo
eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr buosQ cM+s HkkbZ FksA xqIr th osQ firk Hkh dfork,¡ fy[krs FksA bl dkj.k ifjokj
esa gh bUgsa dfork osQ laLdkj Lor% izkIr gq,A xqIr th egkRek xkaèkh vkSj fouksck Hkkos osQ fopkjksa
osQ vuq;k;h FksA bldk laosQr budh jpukvksa esa Hkh feyrk gSA xqIr th dh jpukvksa dk izeq[k
xq.k gS dFkkRedrkA bUgksaus lkekftd oqQjhfr;ksa ij djkjh pksV dh gSA ns'k dh Toyar ?kVukvksa
vkSj leL;kvksa dk thoar fp=k bUgksaus izLrqr fd;k gSA buosQ dkO; dh i`"BHkwfe vrhr gks ;k
orZeku] muesa vkèkqfud ekuork dh d#.kk] ;kruk vkSj }a} lefUor :i esa mHkjk gSA
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dh izeq[k Ñfr;k¡ gSa % ekS;Z fot;] vknzkZ] ikFks;] e`.e;h] mUeqDr]
vkReksRlxZ] nwokZny vkSj uoqQyA
^,d iwQy dh pkg* xqIr th dh ,d yach vkSj izfl¼ dfork gSA izLrqr ikB mlh dfork
dk ,d va'k ek=k gSA iwjh dfork NqvkNwr dh leL;k ij osaQfnzr gSA ,d ej.kklUu vNwr dU;k
osQ eu esa ;g pkg mBh fd dk'k! nsoh osQ pj.kksa esa vfiZr fd;k gqvk ,d iwQy ykdj dksbZ
mls ns nsrkA dU;k osQ firk us csVh dh euksdkeuk iwjh djus dk chM+k mBk;kA og nsoh osQ eafnj
esa tk igq¡pkA nsoh dh vkjkèkuk Hkh dh] ij mlosQ ckn og nsoh osQ HkDrksa dh u”kj esa [kVdus
yxkA ekuo&ek=k dks ,dleku ekuus dh ulhgr nsusokyh nsoh osQ lo.kZ HkDrksa us ml foo'k]
ykpkj] vkdka{kh exj vNwr firk osQ lkFk oSQlk lywd fd;k] D;k og viuh csVh dks iwQy
ykdj ns ldk\ ;g dfork dk ekfeZd va'k gh crk,xkA
,d iwQy dh pkg/103
,d iwQy dh pkg
m}sfyr dj vJq&jkf'k;k¡]
ân;&fprk,¡   èkèkdkdj]
egk egkekjh  izpaM gks
iSQy jgh Fkh  bèkj&mèkjA
{kh.k&oaQB e`roRlkvksa dk
djQ.k jQnu nqnk±r furkar]
Hkjs gq, Fkk fut Ñ'k jo esa
gkgkdkj  vikj  v'kkarA
cgqr jksdrk Fkk lqf[k;k dks]
^u tk [ksyus dks ckgj*]
ugha [ksyuk jQdrk mldk
ugha Bgjrh og iy&HkjA
esjk ân; dk¡i mBrk Fkk]
ckgj  xbZ  fugkj  mls_
;gh eukrk Fkk fd cpk yw¡
fdlh Hkk¡fr bl ckj mlsA
104/Li'kZ
Hkhrj tks Mj jgk fNik,]
gk;!  ogh  ckgj  vk;kA
,d fnol lqf[k;k osQ ruq dks
rki&rIr    eSaus   ik;kA
Toj esa foày gks cksyh og]
D;k tkuw¡ fdl Mj ls Mj]
eq>dks nsoh osQ izlkn dk
,d iwQy  gh  nks  ykdjA
Øe'k% oaQB {kh.k gks vk;k]
f'kfFky gq, vo;o lkjs]
cSBk Fkk uo&uo mik; dh
fpark  esa  eSa  euekjsA
tku ldk u izHkkr ltx ls
gqbZ  vyl  dc  nksigjh]
Lo.kZ&?kuksa esa dc jfo Mwck]
dc vkbZ  laè;k  xgjhA
lHkh vksj fn[kykbZ nh cl]
vaèkdkj  dh  gh  Nk;k]
NksVh&lh cPph dks xzlus
fdruk cM+k frfej vk;k!
mQij foLr`r egkdk'k esa
tyrs&ls  vaxkjksa  ls]
>qylh&lh tkrh Fkh vk¡[ksa
txex txrs rkjksa lsA
,d iwQy dh pkg/105
ns[k jgk Fkkµtks lqfLFkj gks
ugha cSBrh Fkh {k.k&Hkj]
gk;! ogh pqipki iM+h Fkh
vVy 'kkafr&lh èkkj.k djA
lquuk ogh pkgrk Fkk eSa
mls Lo;a gh mdlkdjµ
eq>dks nsoh osQ izlkn dk
,d iwQy gh nks ykdj!
m¡Qps   'kSy&f'k[kj   osQ   mQij
eafnj  Fkk  foLrh.kZ  fo'kky_
Lo.kZ&dy'k ljflt fogflr Fks
ikdj leqfnr jfo&dj&tkyA
nhi&èkwi  ls  vkeksfnr Fkk
eafnj  dk  vk¡xu  lkjk_
xw¡t  jgh  Fkh  Hkhrj&ckgj
eq[kfjr  mRlo dh  èkkjkA
HkDr&o`an e`nq&eèkqj oaQB ls
xkrs Fks lHkfDr eqn&e;]µ
^ifrr&rkfj.kh iki&gkfj.kh]
ekrk] rsjh t;&t;&t;!*
^ifrr&rkfj.kh] rsjh t;&t;*µ
esjs eq[k ls Hkh fudyk]
fcuk c<+s gh eSa vkxs dks
tkus fdl cy ls f<dyk!
Page 5


102/Li'kZ
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr
(1895 - 1963)
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dk tUe >k¡lh osQ fudV fpjxk¡o esa lu~ 1895 esa gqvk FkkA jk"Vªdfo
eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr buosQ cM+s HkkbZ FksA xqIr th osQ firk Hkh dfork,¡ fy[krs FksA bl dkj.k ifjokj
esa gh bUgsa dfork osQ laLdkj Lor% izkIr gq,A xqIr th egkRek xkaèkh vkSj fouksck Hkkos osQ fopkjksa
osQ vuq;k;h FksA bldk laosQr budh jpukvksa esa Hkh feyrk gSA xqIr th dh jpukvksa dk izeq[k
xq.k gS dFkkRedrkA bUgksaus lkekftd oqQjhfr;ksa ij djkjh pksV dh gSA ns'k dh Toyar ?kVukvksa
vkSj leL;kvksa dk thoar fp=k bUgksaus izLrqr fd;k gSA buosQ dkO; dh i`"BHkwfe vrhr gks ;k
orZeku] muesa vkèkqfud ekuork dh d#.kk] ;kruk vkSj }a} lefUor :i esa mHkjk gSA
fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr dh izeq[k Ñfr;k¡ gSa % ekS;Z fot;] vknzkZ] ikFks;] e`.e;h] mUeqDr]
vkReksRlxZ] nwokZny vkSj uoqQyA
^,d iwQy dh pkg* xqIr th dh ,d yach vkSj izfl¼ dfork gSA izLrqr ikB mlh dfork
dk ,d va'k ek=k gSA iwjh dfork NqvkNwr dh leL;k ij osaQfnzr gSA ,d ej.kklUu vNwr dU;k
osQ eu esa ;g pkg mBh fd dk'k! nsoh osQ pj.kksa esa vfiZr fd;k gqvk ,d iwQy ykdj dksbZ
mls ns nsrkA dU;k osQ firk us csVh dh euksdkeuk iwjh djus dk chM+k mBk;kA og nsoh osQ eafnj
esa tk igq¡pkA nsoh dh vkjkèkuk Hkh dh] ij mlosQ ckn og nsoh osQ HkDrksa dh u”kj esa [kVdus
yxkA ekuo&ek=k dks ,dleku ekuus dh ulhgr nsusokyh nsoh osQ lo.kZ HkDrksa us ml foo'k]
ykpkj] vkdka{kh exj vNwr firk osQ lkFk oSQlk lywd fd;k] D;k og viuh csVh dks iwQy
ykdj ns ldk\ ;g dfork dk ekfeZd va'k gh crk,xkA
,d iwQy dh pkg/103
,d iwQy dh pkg
m}sfyr dj vJq&jkf'k;k¡]
ân;&fprk,¡   èkèkdkdj]
egk egkekjh  izpaM gks
iSQy jgh Fkh  bèkj&mèkjA
{kh.k&oaQB e`roRlkvksa dk
djQ.k jQnu nqnk±r furkar]
Hkjs gq, Fkk fut Ñ'k jo esa
gkgkdkj  vikj  v'kkarA
cgqr jksdrk Fkk lqf[k;k dks]
^u tk [ksyus dks ckgj*]
ugha [ksyuk jQdrk mldk
ugha Bgjrh og iy&HkjA
esjk ân; dk¡i mBrk Fkk]
ckgj  xbZ  fugkj  mls_
;gh eukrk Fkk fd cpk yw¡
fdlh Hkk¡fr bl ckj mlsA
104/Li'kZ
Hkhrj tks Mj jgk fNik,]
gk;!  ogh  ckgj  vk;kA
,d fnol lqf[k;k osQ ruq dks
rki&rIr    eSaus   ik;kA
Toj esa foày gks cksyh og]
D;k tkuw¡ fdl Mj ls Mj]
eq>dks nsoh osQ izlkn dk
,d iwQy  gh  nks  ykdjA
Øe'k% oaQB {kh.k gks vk;k]
f'kfFky gq, vo;o lkjs]
cSBk Fkk uo&uo mik; dh
fpark  esa  eSa  euekjsA
tku ldk u izHkkr ltx ls
gqbZ  vyl  dc  nksigjh]
Lo.kZ&?kuksa esa dc jfo Mwck]
dc vkbZ  laè;k  xgjhA
lHkh vksj fn[kykbZ nh cl]
vaèkdkj  dh  gh  Nk;k]
NksVh&lh cPph dks xzlus
fdruk cM+k frfej vk;k!
mQij foLr`r egkdk'k esa
tyrs&ls  vaxkjksa  ls]
>qylh&lh tkrh Fkh vk¡[ksa
txex txrs rkjksa lsA
,d iwQy dh pkg/105
ns[k jgk Fkkµtks lqfLFkj gks
ugha cSBrh Fkh {k.k&Hkj]
gk;! ogh pqipki iM+h Fkh
vVy 'kkafr&lh èkkj.k djA
lquuk ogh pkgrk Fkk eSa
mls Lo;a gh mdlkdjµ
eq>dks nsoh osQ izlkn dk
,d iwQy gh nks ykdj!
m¡Qps   'kSy&f'k[kj   osQ   mQij
eafnj  Fkk  foLrh.kZ  fo'kky_
Lo.kZ&dy'k ljflt fogflr Fks
ikdj leqfnr jfo&dj&tkyA
nhi&èkwi  ls  vkeksfnr Fkk
eafnj  dk  vk¡xu  lkjk_
xw¡t  jgh  Fkh  Hkhrj&ckgj
eq[kfjr  mRlo dh  èkkjkA
HkDr&o`an e`nq&eèkqj oaQB ls
xkrs Fks lHkfDr eqn&e;]µ
^ifrr&rkfj.kh iki&gkfj.kh]
ekrk] rsjh t;&t;&t;!*
^ifrr&rkfj.kh] rsjh t;&t;*µ
esjs eq[k ls Hkh fudyk]
fcuk c<+s gh eSa vkxs dks
tkus fdl cy ls f<dyk!
106/Li'kZ
esjs nhi&iwQy  ysdj os
vack  dks  vfiZr  djosQ
fn;k iqtkjh us izlkn tc
vkxs dks vatfy  HkjosQ]
Hkwy x;k mldk ysuk >V]
ije ykHk&lk  ikdj eSaA
lkspk]µcsVh dks ek¡ osQ ;s
iq.;&iq"i nw¡ tkdj eSaA
flag ikSj rd Hkh vk¡xu ls
ugha  igq¡pus  eSa  ik;k]
lglk ;g lqu iM+k fdµ¶oSQls
;g vNwr  Hkhrj  vk;k\
idM+ks] ns[kks Hkkx u tkos]
cuk  èkwrZ  ;g gS oSQlk_
lkI
+
kQ&LoPN ifjèkku fd, gS]
Hkys  ekuq"kksa  osQ  tSlk!
ikih us  eafnj esa  ?kqldj
fd;k  vuFkZ  cM+k  Hkkjh_
dyqf"kr dj nh gS eafnj dh
fpjdkfyd 'kqfprk lkjhA¸
,sa] D;k esjk dyq"k cM+k gS
nsoh dh  xfjek  ls Hkh_
fdlh ckr esa gw¡ eSa vkxs
ekrk dh efgek osQ  Hkh\