NCERT Textbook: पाठ 3 - बस की यात्रा, हिंदी, कक्षा - 8 Class 8 Notes | EduRev

 Page 1


cl dh ;k=kk
ge ik¡p fe=kksa us r; fd;k fd 'kke pkj cts dh cl ls pysaA iUuk ls
blh oaQiuh dh cl lruk osQ fy, ?kaVs Hkj ckn feyrh gS tks tcyiqj dh
Vªsu feyk nsrh gSA lqcg ?kj igq¡p tk,¡xsA ge esa ls nks dks lqcg dke ij
gkf”kj gksuk Fkk blhfy, okilh dk ;gh jkLrk viukuk ”k:jh FkkA yksxksa us
lykg nh fd le>nkj vkneh bl 'kke okyh cl ls lI
+
kQj ugha djrsA D;k
jkLrs esa MkowQ feyrs gSa\ ugha] cl Mkfdu gSA
cl dks ns[kk rks J¼k meM+ iM+hA [kwc o;kso`¼ FkhA lfn;ksa osQ vuqHko
osQ fu'kku fy, gq, FkhA yksx blfy, blls lI
+
kQj ugha djuk pkgrs fd
o`¼koLFkk esa bls d"V gksxkA ;g cl iwtk osQ ;ksX; FkhA ml ij lokj oSQls
gqvk tk ldrk gS!
3
Page 2


cl dh ;k=kk
ge ik¡p fe=kksa us r; fd;k fd 'kke pkj cts dh cl ls pysaA iUuk ls
blh oaQiuh dh cl lruk osQ fy, ?kaVs Hkj ckn feyrh gS tks tcyiqj dh
Vªsu feyk nsrh gSA lqcg ?kj igq¡p tk,¡xsA ge esa ls nks dks lqcg dke ij
gkf”kj gksuk Fkk blhfy, okilh dk ;gh jkLrk viukuk ”k:jh FkkA yksxksa us
lykg nh fd le>nkj vkneh bl 'kke okyh cl ls lI
+
kQj ugha djrsA D;k
jkLrs esa MkowQ feyrs gSa\ ugha] cl Mkfdu gSA
cl dks ns[kk rks J¼k meM+ iM+hA [kwc o;kso`¼ FkhA lfn;ksa osQ vuqHko
osQ fu'kku fy, gq, FkhA yksx blfy, blls lI
+
kQj ugha djuk pkgrs fd
o`¼koLFkk esa bls d"V gksxkA ;g cl iwtk osQ ;ksX; FkhA ml ij lokj oSQls
gqvk tk ldrk gS!
3
14 olar Hkkx 3
cl&oaQiuh osQ ,d fgLlsnkj Hkh mlh cl ls tk jgs FksA geus muls
iwNkµ¶;g cl pyrh Hkh gS\¸ og cksysµ¶pyrh D;ksa ugha gS th! vHkh
pysxhA¸ geus dgkµ¶ogh rks ge ns[kuk pkgrs gaSA vius vki pyrh gS
;g\ gk¡ th] vkSj oSQls pysxh\¸
x”kc gks x;kA ,slh cl vius vki pyrh gSA
ge vkxk&ihNk djus yxsA MkWDVj fe=k us dgkµ¶Mjks er] pyks! cl
vuqHkoh gSA u;h&uosyh clksa ls T;knk fo'oluh; gSA gesa csVksa dh rjg
I;kj ls xksn esa ysdj pysxhA¸
ge cSB x,A tks NksM+us vk, Fks] os bl rjg ns[k jgs Fks tSls vafre
fonk ns jgs gSaA mudh vk¡[ksa dg jgh Fkhaµ¶vkuk&tkuk rks yxk gh jgrk gSA
vk;k gS] lks tk,xkµjktk] jad] iQdhjA vkneh dks owQp djus osQ fy, ,d
fufeÙk pkfg,A¸
batu lpeqp LVkVZ gks x;kA ,slk] tSls lkjh cl gh batu gS vkSj ge
batu osQ Hkhrj cSBs gSaA dk¡p cgqr de cps FksA tks cps Fks] muls gesa cpuk
FkkA ge I
+
kQkSju f[kM+dh ls nwj ljd x,A batu py jgk FkkA gesa yx jgk
Fkk fd gekjh lhV osQ uhps batu gSA
Page 3


cl dh ;k=kk
ge ik¡p fe=kksa us r; fd;k fd 'kke pkj cts dh cl ls pysaA iUuk ls
blh oaQiuh dh cl lruk osQ fy, ?kaVs Hkj ckn feyrh gS tks tcyiqj dh
Vªsu feyk nsrh gSA lqcg ?kj igq¡p tk,¡xsA ge esa ls nks dks lqcg dke ij
gkf”kj gksuk Fkk blhfy, okilh dk ;gh jkLrk viukuk ”k:jh FkkA yksxksa us
lykg nh fd le>nkj vkneh bl 'kke okyh cl ls lI
+
kQj ugha djrsA D;k
jkLrs esa MkowQ feyrs gSa\ ugha] cl Mkfdu gSA
cl dks ns[kk rks J¼k meM+ iM+hA [kwc o;kso`¼ FkhA lfn;ksa osQ vuqHko
osQ fu'kku fy, gq, FkhA yksx blfy, blls lI
+
kQj ugha djuk pkgrs fd
o`¼koLFkk esa bls d"V gksxkA ;g cl iwtk osQ ;ksX; FkhA ml ij lokj oSQls
gqvk tk ldrk gS!
3
14 olar Hkkx 3
cl&oaQiuh osQ ,d fgLlsnkj Hkh mlh cl ls tk jgs FksA geus muls
iwNkµ¶;g cl pyrh Hkh gS\¸ og cksysµ¶pyrh D;ksa ugha gS th! vHkh
pysxhA¸ geus dgkµ¶ogh rks ge ns[kuk pkgrs gaSA vius vki pyrh gS
;g\ gk¡ th] vkSj oSQls pysxh\¸
x”kc gks x;kA ,slh cl vius vki pyrh gSA
ge vkxk&ihNk djus yxsA MkWDVj fe=k us dgkµ¶Mjks er] pyks! cl
vuqHkoh gSA u;h&uosyh clksa ls T;knk fo'oluh; gSA gesa csVksa dh rjg
I;kj ls xksn esa ysdj pysxhA¸
ge cSB x,A tks NksM+us vk, Fks] os bl rjg ns[k jgs Fks tSls vafre
fonk ns jgs gSaA mudh vk¡[ksa dg jgh Fkhaµ¶vkuk&tkuk rks yxk gh jgrk gSA
vk;k gS] lks tk,xkµjktk] jad] iQdhjA vkneh dks owQp djus osQ fy, ,d
fufeÙk pkfg,A¸
batu lpeqp LVkVZ gks x;kA ,slk] tSls lkjh cl gh batu gS vkSj ge
batu osQ Hkhrj cSBs gSaA dk¡p cgqr de cps FksA tks cps Fks] muls gesa cpuk
FkkA ge I
+
kQkSju f[kM+dh ls nwj ljd x,A batu py jgk FkkA gesa yx jgk
Fkk fd gekjh lhV osQ uhps batu gSA
cl dh ;k=kk            15
cl lpeqp py iM+h vkSj gesa yxk fd ;g xka/hth osQ vlg;ksx vkSj
lfou; voKk vkanksyuksa osQ oDr vo'; toku jgh gksxhA mls Vªs¯ux fey
pqdh FkhA gj fgLlk nwljs ls vlg;ksx dj jgk FkkA iwjh cl lfou; voKk
vkanksyu osQ nkSj ls xq”kj jgh FkhA lhV dk ckWMh ls vlg;ksx py jgk FkkA
dHkh yxrk lhV ckWMh dks NksM+dj vkxs fudy xbZ gSA dHkh yxrk fd
lhV dks NksM+dj ckWMh vkxs Hkkxh tk jgh gSA vkB&nl ehy pyus ij lkjs
HksnHkko feV x,A ;g le> esa ugha vkrk Fkk fd lhV ij ge cSBs gSa ;k
lhV ge ij cSBh gSA
,dk,d cl #d xbZA ekywe gqvk fd isVªksy dh Vadh esa Nsn gks x;k
gSA Mªkboj us ckYVh esa isVªksy fudkydj mls cxy esa j[kk vkSj uyh Mkydj
batu esa Hkstus yxkA vc eSa mEehn dj jgk Fkk fd FkksM+h nsj ckn cl&oaQiuh
osQ fgLlsnkj batu dks fudkydj xksn esa j[k ysaxs vkSj mls uyh ls isVªksy
fiyk,¡xs] tSls ek¡ cPps osQ eq¡g esa nw/ dh 'kh'kh yxkrh gSA
cl dh j
 
+
Ýrkj vc ianzg&chl ehy gks xbZ FkhA eq>s mlosQ fdlh fgLls
ij Hkjkslk ugha FkkA czsd isQy gks ldrk gS] LVh;¯jx VwV ldrk gSA izÑfr
osQ n`'; cgqr yqHkkous FksA nksuksa rjI
+
kQ gjs&Hkjs isM+ Fks ftu ij i{kh cSBs FksA
eSa gj isM+ dks viuk nq'eu le> jgk FkkA tks Hkh isM+ vkrk] Mj yxrk fd
blls cl Vdjk,xhA og fudy tkrk rks nwljs isM+ dk bar”kkj djrkA >hy
fn[krh rks lksprk fd blesa cl xksrk yxk tk,xhA
,dk,d fiQj cl #dhA Mªkboj us rjg&rjg dh rjdhcsa dha ij og
pyh ughaA lfou; voKk vkanksyu 'kq: gks x;k Fkk] oaQiuh osQ fgLlsnkj
dg jgs Fksµ¶cl rks iQLVZ Dykl gS th! ;g rks bÙkI
+
kQkd dh ckr gSA¸
{kh.k pk¡nuh esa o`{kksa dh Nk;k osQ uhps og cl cM+h n;uh; yx jgh
FkhA yxrk] tSls dksbZ o`¼k Fkddj cSB xbZ gksA gesa Xykfu gks jgh Fkh fd
cspkjh ij yndj ge pys vk jgs gSaA vxj bldk izk.kkar gks x;k rks bl
fc;kcku esa gesa bldh vaR;sf"V djuh iM+sxhA
Page 4


cl dh ;k=kk
ge ik¡p fe=kksa us r; fd;k fd 'kke pkj cts dh cl ls pysaA iUuk ls
blh oaQiuh dh cl lruk osQ fy, ?kaVs Hkj ckn feyrh gS tks tcyiqj dh
Vªsu feyk nsrh gSA lqcg ?kj igq¡p tk,¡xsA ge esa ls nks dks lqcg dke ij
gkf”kj gksuk Fkk blhfy, okilh dk ;gh jkLrk viukuk ”k:jh FkkA yksxksa us
lykg nh fd le>nkj vkneh bl 'kke okyh cl ls lI
+
kQj ugha djrsA D;k
jkLrs esa MkowQ feyrs gSa\ ugha] cl Mkfdu gSA
cl dks ns[kk rks J¼k meM+ iM+hA [kwc o;kso`¼ FkhA lfn;ksa osQ vuqHko
osQ fu'kku fy, gq, FkhA yksx blfy, blls lI
+
kQj ugha djuk pkgrs fd
o`¼koLFkk esa bls d"V gksxkA ;g cl iwtk osQ ;ksX; FkhA ml ij lokj oSQls
gqvk tk ldrk gS!
3
14 olar Hkkx 3
cl&oaQiuh osQ ,d fgLlsnkj Hkh mlh cl ls tk jgs FksA geus muls
iwNkµ¶;g cl pyrh Hkh gS\¸ og cksysµ¶pyrh D;ksa ugha gS th! vHkh
pysxhA¸ geus dgkµ¶ogh rks ge ns[kuk pkgrs gaSA vius vki pyrh gS
;g\ gk¡ th] vkSj oSQls pysxh\¸
x”kc gks x;kA ,slh cl vius vki pyrh gSA
ge vkxk&ihNk djus yxsA MkWDVj fe=k us dgkµ¶Mjks er] pyks! cl
vuqHkoh gSA u;h&uosyh clksa ls T;knk fo'oluh; gSA gesa csVksa dh rjg
I;kj ls xksn esa ysdj pysxhA¸
ge cSB x,A tks NksM+us vk, Fks] os bl rjg ns[k jgs Fks tSls vafre
fonk ns jgs gSaA mudh vk¡[ksa dg jgh Fkhaµ¶vkuk&tkuk rks yxk gh jgrk gSA
vk;k gS] lks tk,xkµjktk] jad] iQdhjA vkneh dks owQp djus osQ fy, ,d
fufeÙk pkfg,A¸
batu lpeqp LVkVZ gks x;kA ,slk] tSls lkjh cl gh batu gS vkSj ge
batu osQ Hkhrj cSBs gSaA dk¡p cgqr de cps FksA tks cps Fks] muls gesa cpuk
FkkA ge I
+
kQkSju f[kM+dh ls nwj ljd x,A batu py jgk FkkA gesa yx jgk
Fkk fd gekjh lhV osQ uhps batu gSA
cl dh ;k=kk            15
cl lpeqp py iM+h vkSj gesa yxk fd ;g xka/hth osQ vlg;ksx vkSj
lfou; voKk vkanksyuksa osQ oDr vo'; toku jgh gksxhA mls Vªs¯ux fey
pqdh FkhA gj fgLlk nwljs ls vlg;ksx dj jgk FkkA iwjh cl lfou; voKk
vkanksyu osQ nkSj ls xq”kj jgh FkhA lhV dk ckWMh ls vlg;ksx py jgk FkkA
dHkh yxrk lhV ckWMh dks NksM+dj vkxs fudy xbZ gSA dHkh yxrk fd
lhV dks NksM+dj ckWMh vkxs Hkkxh tk jgh gSA vkB&nl ehy pyus ij lkjs
HksnHkko feV x,A ;g le> esa ugha vkrk Fkk fd lhV ij ge cSBs gSa ;k
lhV ge ij cSBh gSA
,dk,d cl #d xbZA ekywe gqvk fd isVªksy dh Vadh esa Nsn gks x;k
gSA Mªkboj us ckYVh esa isVªksy fudkydj mls cxy esa j[kk vkSj uyh Mkydj
batu esa Hkstus yxkA vc eSa mEehn dj jgk Fkk fd FkksM+h nsj ckn cl&oaQiuh
osQ fgLlsnkj batu dks fudkydj xksn esa j[k ysaxs vkSj mls uyh ls isVªksy
fiyk,¡xs] tSls ek¡ cPps osQ eq¡g esa nw/ dh 'kh'kh yxkrh gSA
cl dh j
 
+
Ýrkj vc ianzg&chl ehy gks xbZ FkhA eq>s mlosQ fdlh fgLls
ij Hkjkslk ugha FkkA czsd isQy gks ldrk gS] LVh;¯jx VwV ldrk gSA izÑfr
osQ n`'; cgqr yqHkkous FksA nksuksa rjI
+
kQ gjs&Hkjs isM+ Fks ftu ij i{kh cSBs FksA
eSa gj isM+ dks viuk nq'eu le> jgk FkkA tks Hkh isM+ vkrk] Mj yxrk fd
blls cl Vdjk,xhA og fudy tkrk rks nwljs isM+ dk bar”kkj djrkA >hy
fn[krh rks lksprk fd blesa cl xksrk yxk tk,xhA
,dk,d fiQj cl #dhA Mªkboj us rjg&rjg dh rjdhcsa dha ij og
pyh ughaA lfou; voKk vkanksyu 'kq: gks x;k Fkk] oaQiuh osQ fgLlsnkj
dg jgs Fksµ¶cl rks iQLVZ Dykl gS th! ;g rks bÙkI
+
kQkd dh ckr gSA¸
{kh.k pk¡nuh esa o`{kksa dh Nk;k osQ uhps og cl cM+h n;uh; yx jgh
FkhA yxrk] tSls dksbZ o`¼k Fkddj cSB xbZ gksA gesa Xykfu gks jgh Fkh fd
cspkjh ij yndj ge pys vk jgs gSaA vxj bldk izk.kkar gks x;k rks bl
fc;kcku esa gesa bldh vaR;sf"V djuh iM+sxhA
16 olar Hkkx 3
fgLlsnkj lkgc us batu [kksyk vkSj oqQN lq/kjkA cl vkxs pyhA mldh
pky vkSj de gks xbZ FkhA
/hjs&/hjs o`¼k dh vk¡[kksa dh T;ksfr tkus yxhA pk¡nuh esa jkLrk VVksydj
og jsax jgh FkhA vkxs ;k ihNs ls dksbZ xkM+h vkrh fn[krh rks og ,dne
fdukjs [kM+h gks tkrh vkSj dgrhµ¶fudy tkvks] csVh! viuh rks og mez
gh ugha jghA¸
,d iqfy;k osQ Åij igq¡ps gh Fks fd ,d Vk;j fiQLl djosQ cSB x;kA
og cgqr ”kksj ls fgydj Fke xbZA vxj LihM esa gksrh rks mNydj ukys
esa fxj tkrhA eSaus ml oaQiuh osQ fgLlsnkj dh rjI
+
kQ igyh ckj J¼kHkko
ls ns[kkA og Vk;jksa dh gkyr tkurs gSa fiQj Hkh tku gFksyh ij ysdj blh
cl ls lI
+
kQj dj jgs gSaA mRlxZ dh ,slh Hkkouk nqyZHk gSA lkspk] bl vkneh
osQ lkgl vkSj cfynku Hkkouk dk lgh mi;ksx ugha gks jgk gSA bls rks
fdlh Økafrdkjh vkanksyu dk usrk gksuk pkfg,A vxj cl ukys eas fxj
iM+rh vkSj ge lc ej tkrs rks nsork ck¡gsa ilkjs mldk bar”kkj djrsA
dgrsµ¶og egku vkneh vk jgk gS ftlus ,d Vk;j osQ fy, izk.k ns fn,A
ej x;k] ij Vk;j ugha cnykA¸
nwljk f?klk Vk;j yxkdj cl fiQj pyhA vc geus oDr ij iUuk
igq¡pus dh mEehn NksM+ nh FkhA iUuk dHkh Hkh igq¡pus dh mEehn NksM+ nh
FkhA iUuk D;k] dgha Hkh] dHkh Hkh igq¡pus dh mEehn NksM+ nh FkhA yxrk
Fkk] ¯”knxh blh cl esa xqtkjuh gS vkSj blls lh/s ml yksd dks iz;k.k dj
tkuk gSA bl i`Foh ij mldh dksbZ eaf”ky ugha gSA gekjh csrkch] ruko
[kRe gks x,A ge cM+s bRehuku ls ?kj dh rjg cSB x,A ¯prk tkrh jghA
g¡lh&e”kkd pkyw gks x;kA
µgfj'kadj ijlkbZ