NCERT Textbook: साथी हाथ बढ़ाना | Hindi (Vasant) Class 6 PDF Download

 Page 1


28 oLkar
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkukA
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
ge esgurokyksa us tc Hkh] feydj dne c<+k;k
lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k
I
+
kQkSyknh gSa lhus vius] I
+
kQkSSyknh gSa ck¡gsa
ge pkgsa rks pêkuksa esa iSnk dj nsa jkgsa
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
esgur vius ys[k dh js[kk] esgur ls D;k Mjuk
dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk
viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d
viuh eaf”ky lp dh eaf”ky] viuk jLrk usd
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
5. lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 2


28 oLkar
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkukA
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
ge esgurokyksa us tc Hkh] feydj dne c<+k;k
lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k
I
+
kQkSyknh gSa lhus vius] I
+
kQkSSyknh gSa ck¡gsa
ge pkgsa rks pêkuksa esa iSnk dj nsa jkgsa
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
esgur vius ys[k dh js[kk] esgur ls D;k Mjuk
dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk
viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d
viuh eaf”ky lp dh eaf”ky] viuk jLrk usd
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
5. lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
Rationalised 2023-24
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk  29
,d ls ,d feys rks drjk] cu tkrk gS nfj;k
,d ls ,d feys rks ”kjkZ] cu tkrk gS lsgjk
,d ls ,d feys rks jkbZ] cu ldrh gS ijcr
,d ls ,d feys rks balk¡] cl esa dj ys fdLer
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
? lkfgj yqf/;kuoh
iz'u&vH;kl
xhr ls
1- bl xhr dh fdu iafDr;ksa dks rqe vius vklikl dh ¯”knxh esa ?kVrs gq, ns[k
ldrs gks\
2- ^lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k*µlkfgj us ,slk D;ksa dgk gS\ fy[kksA
3- xhr esa lhus vkSj ck¡gksa dks I
+
kQkSyknh D;ksa dgk x;k gS\
xhr ls vkxs
1- vius vklikl rqe fdls ^lkFkh* ekurs gks vkSj D;ksa\ blls feyrs&tqyrs oqQN
vkSj 'kCn [kkstdj fy[kksA
2- ^viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d*
d{kk] eksgYys vkSj xk¡o @ 'kgj osQ fdl&fdl rjg osQ lkfFk;ksa osQ chp rqEgsa
bl okD; dh lPpkbZ eglwl gksrh gS vkSj oSQls\
3- bl xhr dks rqe fdl ekgkSy esa xquxquk ldrs gks\
4- ^,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkuk*µ
(d) rqe vius ?kj eas bl ckr dk è;ku oSQls j[k ldrs gks\
([k) ikik osQ dke vkSj ek¡ osQ dke D;k&D;k gSa\
(x) D;k os ,d&nwljs dk gkFk c¡Vkrs gSa\
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 3


28 oLkar
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkukA
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
ge esgurokyksa us tc Hkh] feydj dne c<+k;k
lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k
I
+
kQkSyknh gSa lhus vius] I
+
kQkSSyknh gSa ck¡gsa
ge pkgsa rks pêkuksa esa iSnk dj nsa jkgsa
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
esgur vius ys[k dh js[kk] esgur ls D;k Mjuk
dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk
viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d
viuh eaf”ky lp dh eaf”ky] viuk jLrk usd
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
5. lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
Rationalised 2023-24
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk  29
,d ls ,d feys rks drjk] cu tkrk gS nfj;k
,d ls ,d feys rks ”kjkZ] cu tkrk gS lsgjk
,d ls ,d feys rks jkbZ] cu ldrh gS ijcr
,d ls ,d feys rks balk¡] cl esa dj ys fdLer
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
? lkfgj yqf/;kuoh
iz'u&vH;kl
xhr ls
1- bl xhr dh fdu iafDr;ksa dks rqe vius vklikl dh ¯”knxh esa ?kVrs gq, ns[k
ldrs gks\
2- ^lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k*µlkfgj us ,slk D;ksa dgk gS\ fy[kksA
3- xhr esa lhus vkSj ck¡gksa dks I
+
kQkSyknh D;ksa dgk x;k gS\
xhr ls vkxs
1- vius vklikl rqe fdls ^lkFkh* ekurs gks vkSj D;ksa\ blls feyrs&tqyrs oqQN
vkSj 'kCn [kkstdj fy[kksA
2- ^viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d*
d{kk] eksgYys vkSj xk¡o @ 'kgj osQ fdl&fdl rjg osQ lkfFk;ksa osQ chp rqEgsa
bl okD; dh lPpkbZ eglwl gksrh gS vkSj oSQls\
3- bl xhr dks rqe fdl ekgkSy esa xquxquk ldrs gks\
4- ^,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkuk*µ
(d) rqe vius ?kj eas bl ckr dk è;ku oSQls j[k ldrs gks\
([k) ikik osQ dke vkSj ek¡ osQ dke D;k&D;k gSa\
(x) D;k os ,d&nwljs dk gkFk c¡Vkrs gSa\
Rationalised 2023-24
30 oLkar
5- ;fn rqeus ^u;k nkSj* fI
+
kQYe ns[kh gS rks crkvks fd ;g xhr fI
+
kQYe esa dgkuh
osQ fdl eksM+ ij vkrk gS\ ;fn rqeus fI
+
kQYe ugha ns[kh gS rks fI
+
kQYe ns[kks vkSj
crkvksA
dgkorksa dh nqfu;k
1- ? vosQyk puk HkkM+ ugha iQksM+ ldrkA
? ,d vkSj ,d feydj X;kjg gksrs gSaA
(d) Åij fy[kh dgkorksa dk vFkZ xhr dh fdu iafDr;kssa ls feyrk&tqyrk gS\
([k) bu nksuksa dgkorksa dk vFkZ dgkor&dks'k esa ns[kdj le>ks vkSj mudk
okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djksA
2- uhps gkFk ls lacafèkr oqQN eqgkojs fn, gSaA buosQ vFkZ le>ks vkSj izR;sd eqgkojs
ls okD; cukvksµ
(d) gkFk dks gkFk u lw>uk
([k) gkFk lkI
+
kQ djuk
(x) gkFk&iSj IkwQyuk
(?k) gkFkksa&gkFk ysuk
(Ä) gkFk yxuk
Hkk"kk dh ckr
1- gkFk vkSj gLr ,d gh 'kCn osQ nks :i gSaA uhps fn, 'kCnksa esa gLr vkSj gkFk fNis gSaA
'kCnksa dks i<+dj crkvks fd gkFkksa dk buesa D;k dke gSµ
gkFk?kM+h gFkkSM+k gLrf'kYi gLr{ksi
fugRFkk gFkoaQMk gLrk{kj gFkdj?kk
2- bl xhr esa ijcr] lhl] jLrk] balk¡ tSls 'kCnksa osQ iz;ksx gq, gSaA bu 'kCnksa osQ
izpfyr :i fy[kksA
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 4


28 oLkar
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkukA
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
ge esgurokyksa us tc Hkh] feydj dne c<+k;k
lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k
I
+
kQkSyknh gSa lhus vius] I
+
kQkSSyknh gSa ck¡gsa
ge pkgsa rks pêkuksa esa iSnk dj nsa jkgsa
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
esgur vius ys[k dh js[kk] esgur ls D;k Mjuk
dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk
viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d
viuh eaf”ky lp dh eaf”ky] viuk jLrk usd
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
5. lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
Rationalised 2023-24
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk  29
,d ls ,d feys rks drjk] cu tkrk gS nfj;k
,d ls ,d feys rks ”kjkZ] cu tkrk gS lsgjk
,d ls ,d feys rks jkbZ] cu ldrh gS ijcr
,d ls ,d feys rks balk¡] cl esa dj ys fdLer
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
? lkfgj yqf/;kuoh
iz'u&vH;kl
xhr ls
1- bl xhr dh fdu iafDr;ksa dks rqe vius vklikl dh ¯”knxh esa ?kVrs gq, ns[k
ldrs gks\
2- ^lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k*µlkfgj us ,slk D;ksa dgk gS\ fy[kksA
3- xhr esa lhus vkSj ck¡gksa dks I
+
kQkSyknh D;ksa dgk x;k gS\
xhr ls vkxs
1- vius vklikl rqe fdls ^lkFkh* ekurs gks vkSj D;ksa\ blls feyrs&tqyrs oqQN
vkSj 'kCn [kkstdj fy[kksA
2- ^viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d*
d{kk] eksgYys vkSj xk¡o @ 'kgj osQ fdl&fdl rjg osQ lkfFk;ksa osQ chp rqEgsa
bl okD; dh lPpkbZ eglwl gksrh gS vkSj oSQls\
3- bl xhr dks rqe fdl ekgkSy esa xquxquk ldrs gks\
4- ^,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkuk*µ
(d) rqe vius ?kj eas bl ckr dk è;ku oSQls j[k ldrs gks\
([k) ikik osQ dke vkSj ek¡ osQ dke D;k&D;k gSa\
(x) D;k os ,d&nwljs dk gkFk c¡Vkrs gSa\
Rationalised 2023-24
30 oLkar
5- ;fn rqeus ^u;k nkSj* fI
+
kQYe ns[kh gS rks crkvks fd ;g xhr fI
+
kQYe esa dgkuh
osQ fdl eksM+ ij vkrk gS\ ;fn rqeus fI
+
kQYe ugha ns[kh gS rks fI
+
kQYe ns[kks vkSj
crkvksA
dgkorksa dh nqfu;k
1- ? vosQyk puk HkkM+ ugha iQksM+ ldrkA
? ,d vkSj ,d feydj X;kjg gksrs gSaA
(d) Åij fy[kh dgkorksa dk vFkZ xhr dh fdu iafDr;kssa ls feyrk&tqyrk gS\
([k) bu nksuksa dgkorksa dk vFkZ dgkor&dks'k esa ns[kdj le>ks vkSj mudk
okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djksA
2- uhps gkFk ls lacafèkr oqQN eqgkojs fn, gSaA buosQ vFkZ le>ks vkSj izR;sd eqgkojs
ls okD; cukvksµ
(d) gkFk dks gkFk u lw>uk
([k) gkFk lkI
+
kQ djuk
(x) gkFk&iSj IkwQyuk
(?k) gkFkksa&gkFk ysuk
(Ä) gkFk yxuk
Hkk"kk dh ckr
1- gkFk vkSj gLr ,d gh 'kCn osQ nks :i gSaA uhps fn, 'kCnksa esa gLr vkSj gkFk fNis gSaA
'kCnksa dks i<+dj crkvks fd gkFkksa dk buesa D;k dke gSµ
gkFk?kM+h gFkkSM+k gLrf'kYi gLr{ksi
fugRFkk gFkoaQMk gLrk{kj gFkdj?kk
2- bl xhr esa ijcr] lhl] jLrk] balk¡ tSls 'kCnksa osQ iz;ksx gq, gSaA bu 'kCnksa osQ
izpfyr :i fy[kksA
Rationalised 2023-24
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk  31
3- ^dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk*µ
bl okD; dks xhrdkj bl izdkj dguk pkgrk gSµ
(rqeus) dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj (esgur) dh] vkt (rqe) viuh [kkfrj djukA
bl okD; esa ^rqe* drkZ gS tks xhr dh iafDr esa Nan cuk, j[kus osQ fy, gVk
fn;k x;k gSA mi;qZDr iafDr esa js[kkafdr 'kCn ^viuh* dk iz;ksx drkZ ^rqe* osQ
fy, gks jgk gS] blfy, ;g loZuke gSA ,sls loZuke tks vius vki osQ ckjs esa
crk,¡ futokpd loZuke dgykrs gSaA (fut dk vFkZ ^viuk* gksrk gSA)
futokpd loZuke osQ rhu izdkj gksrs gSa tks uhps fn, okD;ksa esa js[kkafdr gSaµ
? eSa vius vki (;k vki) ?kj pyh tkÅ ¡ xhA
? cCcu viuk dke [kqn djrk gSA
? lqèkk us vius fy, oqQN ugha [kjhnkA
vc rqe Hkh futokpd loZuke osQ fuEufyf[kr :iksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djksµ
vius dks vius ls viuk
vius ij vius fy, vkil esa
oqQN djus dks
? ckrphr djrs le; gekjh ckrsa gkFk dh gjdr ls izHkko'kkyh gksdj nwljs rd
igq¡prh gSaA gkFk dh gjdr ls ;k gkFk osQ b'kkjs ls Hkh oqQN dgk tk ldrk gSA
uhps fy[ks gkFk osQ b'kkjs fdu voljksa ij iz;ksx gksrs gSa\ fy[kksµ
^D;ksa* iwNrs gkFk euk djrs gkFk le>krs gkFk
cqykrs gkFk vkjksi yxkrs gkFk psrkouh nsrs gkFk
tks'k fn[kkrs gkFk
Rationalised 2023-24
Page 5


28 oLkar
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkukA
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
ge esgurokyksa us tc Hkh] feydj dne c<+k;k
lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k
I
+
kQkSyknh gSa lhus vius] I
+
kQkSSyknh gSa ck¡gsa
ge pkgsa rks pêkuksa esa iSnk dj nsa jkgsa
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
esgur vius ys[k dh js[kk] esgur ls D;k Mjuk
dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk
viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d
viuh eaf”ky lp dh eaf”ky] viuk jLrk usd
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
5. lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk
Rationalised 2023-24
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk  29
,d ls ,d feys rks drjk] cu tkrk gS nfj;k
,d ls ,d feys rks ”kjkZ] cu tkrk gS lsgjk
,d ls ,d feys rks jkbZ] cu ldrh gS ijcr
,d ls ,d feys rks balk¡] cl esa dj ys fdLer
lkFkh gkFk c<+kukA
? lkfgj yqf/;kuoh
iz'u&vH;kl
xhr ls
1- bl xhr dh fdu iafDr;ksa dks rqe vius vklikl dh ¯”knxh esa ?kVrs gq, ns[k
ldrs gks\
2- ^lkxj us jLrk NksM+k] ijcr us lhl >qdk;k*µlkfgj us ,slk D;ksa dgk gS\ fy[kksA
3- xhr esa lhus vkSj ck¡gksa dks I
+
kQkSyknh D;ksa dgk x;k gS\
xhr ls vkxs
1- vius vklikl rqe fdls ^lkFkh* ekurs gks vkSj D;ksa\ blls feyrs&tqyrs oqQN
vkSj 'kCn [kkstdj fy[kksA
2- ^viuk nq[k Hkh ,d gS lkFkh] viuk lq[k Hkh ,d*
d{kk] eksgYys vkSj xk¡o @ 'kgj osQ fdl&fdl rjg osQ lkfFk;ksa osQ chp rqEgsa
bl okD; dh lPpkbZ eglwl gksrh gS vkSj oSQls\
3- bl xhr dks rqe fdl ekgkSy esa xquxquk ldrs gks\
4- ^,d vosQyk Fkd tk,xk] feydj cks> mBkuk*µ
(d) rqe vius ?kj eas bl ckr dk è;ku oSQls j[k ldrs gks\
([k) ikik osQ dke vkSj ek¡ osQ dke D;k&D;k gSa\
(x) D;k os ,d&nwljs dk gkFk c¡Vkrs gSa\
Rationalised 2023-24
30 oLkar
5- ;fn rqeus ^u;k nkSj* fI
+
kQYe ns[kh gS rks crkvks fd ;g xhr fI
+
kQYe esa dgkuh
osQ fdl eksM+ ij vkrk gS\ ;fn rqeus fI
+
kQYe ugha ns[kh gS rks fI
+
kQYe ns[kks vkSj
crkvksA
dgkorksa dh nqfu;k
1- ? vosQyk puk HkkM+ ugha iQksM+ ldrkA
? ,d vkSj ,d feydj X;kjg gksrs gSaA
(d) Åij fy[kh dgkorksa dk vFkZ xhr dh fdu iafDr;kssa ls feyrk&tqyrk gS\
([k) bu nksuksa dgkorksa dk vFkZ dgkor&dks'k esa ns[kdj le>ks vkSj mudk
okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djksA
2- uhps gkFk ls lacafèkr oqQN eqgkojs fn, gSaA buosQ vFkZ le>ks vkSj izR;sd eqgkojs
ls okD; cukvksµ
(d) gkFk dks gkFk u lw>uk
([k) gkFk lkI
+
kQ djuk
(x) gkFk&iSj IkwQyuk
(?k) gkFkksa&gkFk ysuk
(Ä) gkFk yxuk
Hkk"kk dh ckr
1- gkFk vkSj gLr ,d gh 'kCn osQ nks :i gSaA uhps fn, 'kCnksa esa gLr vkSj gkFk fNis gSaA
'kCnksa dks i<+dj crkvks fd gkFkksa dk buesa D;k dke gSµ
gkFk?kM+h gFkkSM+k gLrf'kYi gLr{ksi
fugRFkk gFkoaQMk gLrk{kj gFkdj?kk
2- bl xhr esa ijcr] lhl] jLrk] balk¡ tSls 'kCnksa osQ iz;ksx gq, gSaA bu 'kCnksa osQ
izpfyr :i fy[kksA
Rationalised 2023-24
lkFkh gkFk c<+kuk  31
3- ^dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj dh] vkt viuh [kkfrj djuk*µ
bl okD; dks xhrdkj bl izdkj dguk pkgrk gSµ
(rqeus) dy xSjksa dh [kkfrj (esgur) dh] vkt (rqe) viuh [kkfrj djukA
bl okD; esa ^rqe* drkZ gS tks xhr dh iafDr esa Nan cuk, j[kus osQ fy, gVk
fn;k x;k gSA mi;qZDr iafDr esa js[kkafdr 'kCn ^viuh* dk iz;ksx drkZ ^rqe* osQ
fy, gks jgk gS] blfy, ;g loZuke gSA ,sls loZuke tks vius vki osQ ckjs esa
crk,¡ futokpd loZuke dgykrs gSaA (fut dk vFkZ ^viuk* gksrk gSA)
futokpd loZuke osQ rhu izdkj gksrs gSa tks uhps fn, okD;ksa esa js[kkafdr gSaµ
? eSa vius vki (;k vki) ?kj pyh tkÅ ¡ xhA
? cCcu viuk dke [kqn djrk gSA
? lqèkk us vius fy, oqQN ugha [kjhnkA
vc rqe Hkh futokpd loZuke osQ fuEufyf[kr :iksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djksµ
vius dks vius ls viuk
vius ij vius fy, vkil esa
oqQN djus dks
? ckrphr djrs le; gekjh ckrsa gkFk dh gjdr ls izHkko'kkyh gksdj nwljs rd
igq¡prh gSaA gkFk dh gjdr ls ;k gkFk osQ b'kkjs ls Hkh oqQN dgk tk ldrk gSA
uhps fy[ks gkFk osQ b'kkjs fdu voljksa ij iz;ksx gksrs gSa\ fy[kksµ
^D;ksa* iwNrs gkFk euk djrs gkFk le>krs gkFk
cqykrs gkFk vkjksi yxkrs gkFk psrkouh nsrs gkFk
tks'k fn[kkrs gkFk
Rationalised 2023-24
32 oLkar
osQoy i<+us osQ fy,
,d nkSM+ ,slh Hkh
dbZ lky igys vksyafid [ksyksa osQ nkSjku ,d fo'ks"k nkSM+ gksus tk jgh FkhA lkS ehVj
dh bl nkSM+ esa ,d x”kc dh ?kVuk gqbZA ukS izfrHkkxh 'kq#vkr dh js[kk ij rS;kj
[kM+s FksA mu lHkh dks dksbZ&u&dksbZ 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk FkhA
lhVh cth] lHkh nkSM+ iM+sA cgqr rs”k rks ugha] ij muesa thrus dh gksM+ ”k:j
rs”k FkhA lHkh thrus dh mRlqdrk osQ lkFk vkxs c<+sA lHkh] cl ,d NksVs ls yM+osQ
dks NksM+djA rHkh ,d NksVk yM+dk Bksdj [kkdj yM+[kM+k;k] fxjk vkSj jks iM+kA
Rationalised 2023-24