Class 9 Exam > Class 9 Notes > Notes for history lesson 4
Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9 PDF Download
DEFORESTATION: Deforestation is cutting down of trees indiscriminately in a forest area. Under
the colonial rule it became very systematic and extensive.
Important of Deforestation:
• As population increased over the centuries and the demand for food went up, peasants
extended the boundaries of cultivation by clearing forests.
• The British encouraged the production of commercial crops like jute, sugar, wheat and
cotton for their industries as raw material.
• The British thought that forests were unproductive land as they yielded no revenue nor
agricultural produce. Cultivation was viewed as a sign of progress.
• Oak forests in England were disappearing. There was no timber supply for the
shipbuilding industry. Forest resources of India were used to make ships for the Royal
Navy.
• Spread of railways required two things :
• land to be cleared to lay railway tracks
• wood as fuel for locomotives and for railway line sleepers.
• Large areas of natural forests were cleared for tea, coffee and rubber plantations. Thus
land was given to planters at cheap rates.
COMMERCIAL FORESTRY: The British were worried that the use of forests by local people and
the reckless felling of trees by traders would destroy forests and hence invited German expert
Dietrich Brandis as first Inspector General of Forests in India.
Brandis set up the Indian Forest Service in 1864 and helped formulate the Indian Forest Act of
1865. The Imperial Forest Research Institute was set up in Dehradun in 1906.
Scientific forestry was taught there. In the scientific forestry system, forests with different kinds
of trees were replaced by plantations. Forest management plans were made by forest officials.
They planned how much of the forest had to be cut and how much had to be replanted.
Forest Rules and Cultivation: Shifting cultivation or swidden agriculture was the agricultural
practice in many parts of Asia, Africa and South America. The colonial foresters did not favour
this system as it made it difficult for the government to calculate taxes. In addition, the forest
officials saw in it the danger of fire and also that no trees could grow on this kind of land.
Hunting and Forest Laws: The forest laws forbade the villagers from hunting in the forests but
encouraged hunting as a big sport. They felt that the wild animals were savage, wild and
primitive, just like the Indian society and that it was their duty to civilise them.
New Trade and New Employment: New opportunities opened in trade as the forest department
took control of the forests, e.g., the Mundurucu peoples of the Brazilian Amazon.
With the colonial influence trade was completely regulated by the government. Many large
European trading firms were given the sole right to trade in forest products of a particulate area.
Many pastoral communities lost their means of livelihood.
New opportunities of work did not always mean improved well-being for the people.
FOREST REBELLIONS: Forest communities rebelled against the changes imposed upon them.
The people of Bastar were one such group. The initiative was taken by the Dhurwas of the Kanger
forest where reservation first took place. The British sent troops to suppress the rebellion. It took
them three months to regain control. A victory for the people of Bastar was that the work on
reservation was suspended and the area was reduced to half.
CHANGES IN JAVA
The Kalangs: They rose in rebellion against the Dutch in 1770 but their uprising was
suppressed.
Scientific Forestry in Java: Forest laws were enacted in Java. The villagers resisted these laws.
Forest timber was used for ships and railway sleepers.
The Dutch government used the ‘balandongdiensten’ system for extracting free labour from the
villagers.
Samin’s Movement: Samin of Randublatung village (a teak forest village) questioned the state
ownership of forests. A widespread movement spread. They protested by lying on the ground
when the Dutch came to survey it and refusing to pay taxes and perform labour.
World Wars and Deforestation: The world wars had a major impact on forests. The forest
department cut freely to meet the British demands. The Dutch followed the scorched earth policy
of destroying saw mills, burning logs of teak so that the Japanese could not benefit from it. The
Japanese forced the villagers to cut down forests, when they occupied the area.
New Developments: Conservation and preservation of forests has now become the focus rather
than timber. It has also been realised that if forests are to survive, the local community needs to
be involved. There are many such examples in India where communities are conserving forests
in sacred groves. This looking after is done by each member of the village and everyone is
involved.
FAQs on Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9
| 1. What were the major causes of World War I? |  |
Ans. The major causes of World War I were the alliance system, imperialism, militarism, and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary.
| 2. How did the Treaty of Versailles impact Germany after World War I? | |
Ans. The Treaty of Versailles imposed heavy reparations on Germany, causing economic hardships and contributing to the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party. It also led to territorial losses and the demilitarization of Germany.
| 3. Who were the major leaders during World War II? | |
Ans. The major leaders during World War II were Adolf Hitler of Germany, Winston Churchill of Great Britain, Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States, and Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union.
| 4. What role did women play during World War II? | |
Ans. Women played a significant role during World War II by taking on jobs traditionally held by men who were serving in the military. They worked in factories, served as nurses, and contributed to the war effort in various ways.
| 5. How did the Cold War impact global politics? | |
Ans. The Cold War, a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, had a profound impact on global politics. It led to the formation of military alliances, such as NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and influenced conflicts in various regions, including the Korean War and the Vietnam War. The fear of nuclear war also shaped international relations during this time.
Related Exams
About this Document
|
4.71/5 Rating |
|
Nov 24, 2024 Last updated |
Document Description: Notes for history lesson 4 for Class 9 2024 is part of Class 9 preparation. The notes and questions for Notes for history lesson 4 have been prepared according to the Class 9 exam syllabus. Information about Notes for history lesson 4 covers topics like and Notes for history lesson 4 Example, for Class 9 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Notes for history lesson 4.
Introduction of Notes for history lesson 4 in English is available as part of
our Class 9 preparation & Notes for history lesson 4 in Hindi for Class 9
courses. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for Class 9
Exam by signing up for free. Class 9: Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9
Description
Full syllabus notes, lecture & questions for Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9 - Class 9 | Plus excerises question with solution to help you revise complete syllabus | Best notes, free PDF download
Information about Notes for history lesson 4
In this doc you can find the meaning of Notes for history lesson 4 defined & explained in the simplest way possible.
Besides explaining types of Notes for history lesson 4 theory,
EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Notes for history lesson 4 tests, examples and also practice Class 9 tests.
Download as PDF
|
Explore Courses for Class 9 exam
|
|
Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
Related Searches
Sample Paper
,Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9
,Semester Notes
,mock tests for examination
,Viva Questions
,Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9
,Notes for history lesson 4 - Class 9
,Objective type Questions
,Previous Year Questions with Solutions
,Free
,Extra Questions
,MCQs
,ppt
,study material
,Exam
,shortcuts and tricks
,Summary
,video lectures
,Important questions
,practice quizzes
,past year papers
;
Additional Information about Notes for history lesson 4 for Class 9 Preparation
Notes for history lesson 4 Free PDF Download
The Notes for history lesson 4 is an invaluable resource that delves deep into the core of the Class 9 exam.
These study notes are curated by experts and cover all the essential topics and concepts, making your preparation more efficient and effective.
With the help of these notes, you can grasp complex subjects quickly, revise important points easily,
and reinforce your understanding of key concepts. The study notes are presented in a concise and easy-to-understand manner,
allowing you to optimize your learning process. Whether you're looking for best-recommended books, sample papers, study material,
or toppers' notes, this PDF has got you covered. Download the Notes for history lesson 4 now and kickstart your journey towards success in the Class 9 exam.
Importance of Notes for history lesson 4
The importance of Notes for history lesson 4 cannot be overstated, especially for Class 9 aspirants.
This document holds the key to success in the Class 9 exam.
It offers a detailed understanding of the concept, providing invaluable insights into the topic.
By knowing the concepts well in advance, students can plan their preparation effectively.
Utilize this indispensable guide for a well-rounded preparation and achieve your desired results.
Notes for history lesson 4
Notes for history lesson 4 Notes offer in-depth insights into the specific topic to help you master it with ease.
This comprehensive document covers all aspects related to Notes for history lesson 4.
It includes detailed information about the exam syllabus, recommended books, and study materials for a well-rounded preparation.
Practice papers and question papers enable you to assess your progress effectively.
Additionally, the paper analysis provides valuable tips for tackling the exam strategically.
Access to Toppers' notes gives you an edge in understanding complex concepts.
Whether you're a beginner or aiming for advanced proficiency, Notes for history lesson 4 Notes on EduRev are your ultimate resource for success.
Notes for history lesson 4 Class 9 Questions
The "Notes for history lesson 4 Class 9 Questions" guide is a valuable resource for all aspiring students preparing for the
Class 9 exam. It focuses on providing a wide range of practice questions to help students gauge
their understanding of the exam topics. These questions cover the entire syllabus, ensuring comprehensive preparation.
The guide includes previous years' question papers for students to familiarize themselves with the exam's format and difficulty level.
Additionally, it offers subject-specific question banks, allowing students to focus on weak areas and improve their performance.
Study Notes for history lesson 4 on the App
Students of Class 9 can study Notes for history lesson 4 alongwith tests & analysis from the EduRev app,
which will help them while preparing for their exam. Apart from the Notes for history lesson 4,
students can also utilize the EduRev App for other study materials such as previous year question papers, syllabus, important questions, etc.
The EduRev App will make your learning easier as you can access it from anywhere you want.
The content of Notes for history lesson 4 is prepared as per the latest Class 9 syllabus.
|
© EduRev
|
Education Revolution
|
Follow Us
|
Signup to see your scores
go up within 7 days!
Access 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos and Tests
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup