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BRAGG’S LAW
Presented By
MD NURUDDIN
RUPESH KR SHAH
SHARDA 
UNIVERSITY
Page 2


BRAGG’S LAW
Presented By
MD NURUDDIN
RUPESH KR SHAH
SHARDA 
UNIVERSITY
BRAGG’S LAW
? Bragg's law gives the angles for coherent 
and incoherent scattering from a crystal 
lattice. When X-rays are incident on 
an atom, they make the electronic 
cloudmove as does any electromagnetic 
wave. The movement of these charges re-
radiates waves with the same frequency this 
phenomenon is known as Rayleigh 
scattering (or elastic scattering).  
Page 3


BRAGG’S LAW
Presented By
MD NURUDDIN
RUPESH KR SHAH
SHARDA 
UNIVERSITY
BRAGG’S LAW
? Bragg's law gives the angles for coherent 
and incoherent scattering from a crystal 
lattice. When X-rays are incident on 
an atom, they make the electronic 
cloudmove as does any electromagnetic 
wave. The movement of these charges re-
radiates waves with the same frequency this 
phenomenon is known as Rayleigh 
scattering (or elastic scattering).  
Page 4


BRAGG’S LAW
Presented By
MD NURUDDIN
RUPESH KR SHAH
SHARDA 
UNIVERSITY
BRAGG’S LAW
? Bragg's law gives the angles for coherent 
and incoherent scattering from a crystal 
lattice. When X-rays are incident on 
an atom, they make the electronic 
cloudmove as does any electromagnetic 
wave. The movement of these charges re-
radiates waves with the same frequency this 
phenomenon is known as Rayleigh 
scattering (or elastic scattering).  
? A similar process occurs 
upon scattering neutron waves from 
the nuclei. These re-emitted wave 
fields interfere with each other either 
constructively or destructively producing a 
diffraction pattern on a detector or film. The 
resulting wave interference pattern is the 
basis of diffraction analysis. This analysis is 
called Bragg diffraction.
Page 5


BRAGG’S LAW
Presented By
MD NURUDDIN
RUPESH KR SHAH
SHARDA 
UNIVERSITY
BRAGG’S LAW
? Bragg's law gives the angles for coherent 
and incoherent scattering from a crystal 
lattice. When X-rays are incident on 
an atom, they make the electronic 
cloudmove as does any electromagnetic 
wave. The movement of these charges re-
radiates waves with the same frequency this 
phenomenon is known as Rayleigh 
scattering (or elastic scattering).  
? A similar process occurs 
upon scattering neutron waves from 
the nuclei. These re-emitted wave 
fields interfere with each other either 
constructively or destructively producing a 
diffraction pattern on a detector or film. The 
resulting wave interference pattern is the 
basis of diffraction analysis. This analysis is 
called Bragg diffraction.

FAQs on PPT - Bragg's Law - Civil Engineering (CE)

1. What is Bragg's law?

Ans. Bragg's law is a fundamental principle in the field of crystallography that describes the relationship between the diffraction of X-rays or other electromagnetic waves by a crystal lattice and the angles at which the diffraction occurs.

2. How does Bragg's law work?

Ans. Bragg's law states that the diffraction of X-rays by a crystal lattice occurs when the path difference between the waves scattered by adjacent crystal planes is equal to a whole number multiple of the wavelength of the X-rays. This path difference is determined by the angle of incidence and the spacing between the crystal planes.

3. What is the significance of Bragg's law in crystallography?

Ans. Bragg's law is of great importance in crystallography as it enables scientists to determine the structure of crystals. By measuring the angles at which X-rays are diffracted, the distances between the crystal planes and the arrangement of atoms within the crystal lattice can be determined.

4. How is Bragg's law used in X-ray diffraction experiments?

Ans. In X-ray diffraction experiments, Bragg's law is used to interpret the diffraction patterns produced by crystals. By measuring the angles of diffraction and knowing the wavelength of the X-rays used, scientists can calculate the spacing between crystal planes and gain insights into the atomic structure of the crystal.

5. Can Bragg's law be applied to other types of waves besides X-rays?

Ans. Yes, Bragg's law can be applied to other types of waves besides X-rays. It is a general principle that can be used with any type of electromagnetic wave or even with other types of waves, such as electron waves in electron diffraction experiments. The principle remains the same - the path difference between waves scattered by adjacent crystal planes must be a whole number multiple of the wavelength for diffraction to occur.

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Jan 15, 2025 Last updated

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