Plains of South Bengal | WBCS Preparation: All Subjects - WBCS (West Bengal) PDF Download

The lower course of the Ganga river creates the delta plains. These plains are fertile and forms the entire portion of South Bengal. This region has been classified into four sub-divisions:

Delta Plain 

The delta plains in the southern part of Bengal, created by the lower course of the Ganga River, are highly fertile and encompass the entire region. This area is divided into four sub-divisions:

1. The old delta region includes the districts of Nadia and the eastern part of Murshidabad.
2. In this area, the delta formation is complete, transformed by the erosion and deposition of numerous rivers and small canals.
3. Locally known as Bagdi.

(ii) Mature Delta Plain 

• The Hooghly, Howrah plains of Burdwan, and East Midnapore fall within the mature delta region.
• Similar to the old delta plain, the delta formation is complete, but it is newer in comparison.

(iii) Active Delta Plain 

• The southeastern part of South 24-Parganas and the southern part of North 24-Parganas are in the active delta region.
• Here, the delta formation is an ongoing process, with new islands like Purbasha forming in the south.

Rahr Plain

• Positioned between the delta plain and the Western plateau, this region is formed by silt brought by the tributaries of Mayurakashi, Ajay Damodar, and Rupnarayan rivers.
• The region, including Eastern Bankura, Bardhaman, Birbhum, Western Murshidabad, and West Midnapore, is characterized by red soil due to the laterite soil composition.
• Also known as Rangamati.

Sandy Coastal Plain

• A coastal strip along the Bay of Bengal in East Midnapore.
• Composed of sand and mud deposited by rivers and wind, resulting in the formation of numerous sand dunes.
• Digha and Kanthi or Contai are significant sea beaches in this sandy coastal plain.