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Elizabeth Loftus is a renowned expert in the field of false memories, particularly related to childhood sexual abuse. However, the topic of false memories is controversial, with experts divided over whether these memories are genuinely false or if they are repressed to protect individuals from further trauma. Loftus is famous for her theory of the misinformation effect, which describes how exposure to incorrect information between encoding and recall of a memory can distort the memory. This theory has been used in court cases to illustrate how eyewitness testimony can be influenced by external factors. To test this theory, researchers conducted an experiment in which female college students were led to believe they witnessed a crime. They were later asked to recall the event and identify the suspect from a lineup. The study's findings are presented in a table.

Practice Passage Test - 4 | Practice Passages for MCAT

Question for Practice Passage Test - 4
Try yourself:What is Elizabeth Loftus known for?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 4
Try yourself:Which term describes the phenomenon where memories can be distorted by exposure to incorrect information?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 4
Try yourself:In the New York City study, what was the purpose of the decoy group?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 4
Try yourself:How were participants rewarded for their participation in the study?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 4
Try yourself:What was the outcome of the study conducted by the researchers?
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