Ratio & Proportion Questions for CAT with Answers PDF

Let salary = 20,000 + k (experience)
If experience = 2 years
Salary = 50,000
50,000 = 20,000 + k(2)
⇒ k = 15,000
So, for 5 years of experience, salary will be:
20,000 + 15,000(5)
= 95,000

3a - 4b + 2c = 0 ... (1)
4a - 2b - c = 0 ... (2)
From equation (2),
c = 4a - 2b
Substituting the value of c = 4a - 2b in (1), we get
3a - 4b + 8a - 4b = 0
Or 11a = 8b
Further, c = 4a - 2b
Multiplying by 4 on both sides, we get
4c = 16a - 8b
Substituting 8b = 11a, we get
4c = 16a - 11a = 5a
Or a : b : c = a : 11a/8 : 5a/4 = 8 : 11 : 10 or 16 : 22 : 20
So, option 1 is the answer.

V α T/P
Since temperature is constant, therefore
V α T/P
⇒ V₁P₁ = V₂P₂
400P₁ = 4P₂
P₂ = 100P₁
So, percentage increase 

Cost of a giraffe = P
10 giraffes = 24 dogs
16 dogs = 4 oxen
6 oxen = 4 elephants
10 elephants = Rs. 1,70,000
P = Rs. [(24 × 4 × 4 × 1,70,000)/(10 × 16 × 6 × 10)]
P = Rs. (6,52,80,000/9600)
P = Rs. 6800

Ratio of amounts with Sam : Michael : Puma = 100 : 60 : 40 = 5 : 3 : 2
Let us assume that amounts spent are 5x, 3x and 2x, respectively.
A = 5x - 3x = 2x
B = 3x - 2x = x
Hence, A : B = 2 : 1 (Total expense is the redundant data in the question)

Income of Aman = Rs. 4x
Income of Raman = Rs. 3x
Expenditure of Aman = Rs. 3y
Expenditure of Raman = Rs. y
According to question:
4x - 3y = 16,000 … (i)
3x - y = 25,000 … (ii)
Multiplying (ii) by 3 and then subtracting (ii) from (i), we get

x = 11,800
Aman's income = Rs. 4x
= Rs. 4 × 11,800
= Rs. 47,200

Let salary of A last year be Rs. 3s.
Salary of B last year = Rs. 4s
Let present salary of A be Rs. A and that of B be Rs. B.
So, 3s/A = 4/5 or A = 15s/4
4s/B = 2/3 or B = 6s
So, adding up the present salaries, we get (15s/4) + 6s = 4160
Or, s = 426.667
Present salary of A = Rs. A = Rs. (15/4)s = Rs. (15/4) × 426.667 = Rs. 1600
Thus, answer option (2) is correct.

Suppose the shares of A, B and C are Rs. 2x, Rs. 3x and Rs. 4x, respectively.
When C gives Rs. 20 to B:
Amount with C = Rs. (4x - 20) and amount with B = (Rs. 3x + 20)
Now, B gives half of his amount to A.
Amount with A = Rs.

According to the question,

Or 4x + 3x + 20 = 8x - 40 or x = 60
Hence, total sum of money = Rs. (2x + 3x + 4x)
= Rs. 9x = Rs. (9 × 60) = Rs. 540

Ratio of the bill = 21 : 20

When there are 20 women,
Number of men = 32 and number of children = 4
Then, wages of each category would be in the following ratio 160 : 40 : 12.
Wages of men = 
Wages of women = 
Wages of children =