Practice Test Doc: Two Part Analysis | Data Insights for GMAT PDF Download

Q1: In an experiment, researchers posed simple questions in geometry to children from varied backgrounds. One group consisted of 7-to-13-year-old children of the Mundurucu, an isolated indigenous group in the Amazon basin. The Munduruku children, who had no formal training in geometry, answered the questions just as quickly and accurately as did French children of the same ages who did have formal training in geometry. In contrast, 5-year-old North American children had much more trouble answering the questions. The researchers concluded that some basic geometric knowledge is innate, but this innate knowledge typically develops only after age 5. In the table, select the statement that would, if true, most strengthen the researchers' conclusion and most weaken it, respectively.
Make only two selections, one in each column.
Ans: Most strengthen: Mundurucu children who were 5 years old had just as much trouble answering the questions as did the 5-year-old North American children.
Most weaken: North American children 7 to 13 years old had much more trouble answering the questions than did the Mundurucu of the same ages.
Sol: If the researchers had posed the same questions to 5-year-old French and Mundurucú children as they posed to the 7-to-13-year-old children, the results may or may not have corroborated the researchers’ conclusion.
If, however, the Mundurucú children who were 5 years old had the same difficulty in answering the questions as their North American counterparts, then the researchers would have further evidence that the ability is not present in children under the age of 5 but appears to develop thereafter.
The correct answer is Mundurucú children who were 5 years old had just as much trouble answering the questions as did the 5-year-old North American children.
If it were true that North American children 7 to 13 years old had much more trouble answering the questions than did the Mundurucú of the same ages, then this would provide some evidence that the ability is not innate.
The correct answer is North American children 7 to 13 years old had much more trouble answering the questions than did the Mundurucú of the same ages.

Q2: Two water storage tanks, Tank A and Tank B, can each hold more than 20,000 liters of water. Currently, Tank A contains 5,000 liters of water, while Tank B contains 8,000 liters. Each tank is being filled at a constant rate, such that in 15 hours, the two tanks will contain the same amount of water, though neither will be full.
In the table below, identify rates of filling for each tank that are together consistent with the information. Make only one selection in each column.
Ans: Tank A fill rate: 290 liters/hr
Tank B fill rate: 90 liters/hr
Sol: Tank A contains 5,000 liters of water and Tank B contains 8000 liters of water.
Each tank works at a constant rate and in 15 hours both tanks have the same amount of water. So, let's assume the rate of tank A is X and the rate of tank B is Y and we will set up an equation.
5000 + 15X = 8000 + 15Y
15X = 3000 + 15Y
15X - 15Y = 3000
X - Y = 200 and look into the option and we will have the value for X = 290 and Y = 90

Q3: A stand at a sports arena sells only beer, and each beer costs $7. Beer purchasers are only allowed to purchase one beer at a time, and each beer is equally likely to be purchased using the following combinations of bills for the $8 purchase:

• 7 one-dollar bills
• 1 five-dollar bill and 2 one-dollar bills
• 1 ten-dollar bill (after which the stand will give 3 one-dollar bills to the purchaser)
• 1 twenty-dollar bill (after which the stand will give 1 ten-dollar bill and 3 one-dollar bills to the purchaser)

The stand begins each day with $10 in one-dollar bills, $25 in five-dollar bills, and $50 in ten-dollar bills so that it can process its initial orders. On a particular day exactly 100 beers were sold and the only money that the stand took in or gave out was directly related to those exact transactions.
In the grid select the number of one-dollar bills and the number of bills with denominations greater than one dollar the stand had at the end of the day.
Ans: One-dollar bills: 85 
Bills greater than one dollar: 60
Sol: We have 25 beers purchased in each of the four ways.

• 7 one-dollar bills: This means there will be 25*7 or 175 one dollars recd => +175 ($1)
• 1 five-dollar bill and 2 one-dollar bills: This means there will be 25*2 or 50 one dollars recd => +50 ($1) and 25*1 five dollar bill, that is +25 ($5)
• 1 ten-dollar bill (after which the stand will give 3 one-dollar bills to the purchaser): In this case 25 ten dollars will come in but 25*3 one dollars will go out, that is +25($10) and -25*3 or -75($1)
• 1 twenty-dollar bill (after which the stand will give 1 ten-dollar bill and 3 one-dollar bills to the purchaser): This means +25($20), -25($10) and -75($1)

But he also starts with few bills: The stand begins each day with $10 in one-dollar bills, $25 in five-dollar bills, and $50 in ten-dollar bills, that is +10($1), +5($5) and +5($10)
Let us look at each note separately
$1: +175+50-75-75+10 = 85
$5: +25+5 = 30
$10: +25-25+5 =5
$20: +25 = 25
Number of one dollar bill = 85
Number of all other bills = 30+5+25 = 60

Q4: On July 4th, a town holds an annual fireworks show. The show’s finale features two types of fireworks—Firework A and Firework B—launched at regular intervals to create a synchronized effect in the sky.
• Firework A is launched every 6 seconds.
• Firework B is launched every 21 seconds.
They are first launched together at the exact start of the finale, and the time required to launch a firework is negligible.
Based on the above information, select for Time the number of seconds after the start of the finale both Firework A and Firework B next launch simultaneously and select for Launches the number of times Firework A will have 
been launched before that moment.

Ans: Time: 42
Launches: 7

Q5: White sharks of the genus Carcharodon are the most famous and one of the most heavily studied of all living sharks. The extant species, Carcharodon carcharias, is large, powerful, and archipelagic, predominantly leading a solitary life. Although primarily inhabitants of continental and insular shelves, white sharks are capable of traveling long distances and possess one of the most extensive geographic ranges of any shark. They are most commonly found in temperate waters, though large adults are occasionally reported in tropical regions. White sharks occupy depths ranging from the surf line to approximately 1,300 meters.
Based on the information in the passage, from the five provided options, select for Most Likely Location the location where Carcharodon carcharias would be most likely found, and select for Least Likely Location the location where it would be least likely found. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Ans: Most Likely Location: North American Atlantic Ocean coastal shelf
Least Likely Location: 10,000-meter depth of deep-sea Mariana Trench
Sol: Most Likely Location: North American Atlantic Ocean coastal shelf
This location is the most likely because white sharks primarily inhabit continental shelves and are most commonly found in temperate waters, which aligns perfectly with the North American Atlantic Ocean coastal shelf.
Least Likely Location: 10,000-meter depth of deep-sea Mariana Trench
This is the least likely because the passage explicitly states that white sharks occupy depths only up to about 1,300 meters, making the Mariana Trench far beyond their known range.
Other options:

• Shallow beaches of Equatorial Guinea: While not impossible, this location is less likely because white sharks are primarily found in temperate waters. Equatorial Guinea is in a tropical region, and the passage states that large adults are only occasionally reported in tropical waters.
• 100-meter depth of the tropical Caribbean Sea: This location is plausible, however, temperate waters are more commonly associated with white sharks, making this less likely than North American Atlantic Ocean coastal shelf.
• In the coastal waters of South Africa, within a school of two or more sharks: While the coastal waters of South Africa might be plausible for white sharks, the passage mentions that the sharks predominantly lead a solitary life, making this option less likely than the North American Atlantic Ocean coastal shelf.