Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 19 | English Language for JAMB PDF Download

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns, primarily caused by human activities. The Earth's climate has always experienced natural variations, but the current changes are occurring at an unprecedented rate. These changes have significant implications for the environment, ecosystems, and human societies.

One of the key contributors to climate change is the increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels for energy production and transportation, release large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to the greenhouse effect and causing the planet to warm.

The consequences of climate change are far-reaching. Rising global temperatures result in the melting of polar ice caps and glaciers, leading to a rise in sea levels. This poses a threat to coastal areas, as increased flooding and erosion can occur. Moreover, changing weather patterns can lead to more frequent and intense extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves.

The impact of climate change on ecosystems is significant. Shifts in temperature and precipitation patterns disrupt the natural habitats of many plant and animal species. This can lead to species extinction and loss of biodiversity. Additionally, changes in climate can affect agricultural productivity, water availability, and food security, further impacting human societies.

Addressing climate change requires global cooperation and action. Efforts are being made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the adoption of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures. International agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, aim to limit global warming and mitigate the impacts of climate change.