Program Development Life Cycle - Analysis | Computer for GCSE/IGCSE - Year 11 PDF Download

Abstraction

Abstraction involves filtering out irrelevant details of a problem to concentrate on crucial elements. For instance, the London underground train route map serves as an abstraction, where travelers don't need to grasp the geographical layout of routes, but simply recognize that boarding at stop A leads to stop B.
Figure 2: The geographical London underground train map

Requirements

• Identification of the problem: Before delving into a problem, it is imperative that all team members have a clear understanding of the issue at hand. This involves defining the ultimate goal of the solution and any restrictions, such as resource constraints or the need for a platform-specific approach.
• Requirements: In order to craft a solution, it is necessary to create a requirements document. This document plays a crucial role in outlining the problem and breaking it down into manageable segments through abstraction and decomposition. Each requirement is detailed with a description and success criteria that serve as benchmarks for achievement.