Question Paper- Biochemistry, Biotechnology, 3rd sem, Engineering Notes - Biotechnology Engineering (BT)

 Page 1


BCH 400/600        Name_________________________
April 15, Spring 2003 
Exam 4 
 
For Questions 1 thru 25, mark the correct answer on the Scantron answer sheet and the exam. There will 
be only one correct answer for each question. 
 
Multiple Choice (2 points each)  
1) The enzyme(s) that catalyze the complete catabolism of glycogen is(are) referred to as  
_________. 
a. debranching enzyme 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. amylo-1,6-glucosidase 
d. all of the above 
e. only B and C 
 
2) The cleavage of glucose units from glycogen starts from the__________________. 
a. reducing end 
b. non-reducing end 
c. 1,6 linked glucose units 
d. none of the above  
 
3) The monmeric substrate for glycogen synthase is ___________.  
a. glucose-6-phosphate 
b. glucose-1-phosphate 
c. UDP-glucose 
d. glycogenin 
 
4) ________ is an allosteric activator of glycogen synthase and an allosteric activator of glycogen 
pyrophosphorylase. 
a. fructose-2,6 –bisphosphate 
b. cAMP 
c. glucose-6-phosphate 
d. glycogenin 
e. none of the above 
 
5) The hormone _____________ stimulates glycogen synthesis. 
a. insulin 
b. glucagon 
c. epinephrine 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
6) The synthesis of 5 carbon sugar phosphates and the generation of NADPH both occur through 
___________. 
a. glycolysis 
b. the pentose phosphate pathway 
c. gluconeogenesis 
d. none of the above 
 
 
 
Page 2


BCH 400/600        Name_________________________
April 15, Spring 2003 
Exam 4 
 
For Questions 1 thru 25, mark the correct answer on the Scantron answer sheet and the exam. There will 
be only one correct answer for each question. 
 
Multiple Choice (2 points each)  
1) The enzyme(s) that catalyze the complete catabolism of glycogen is(are) referred to as  
_________. 
a. debranching enzyme 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. amylo-1,6-glucosidase 
d. all of the above 
e. only B and C 
 
2) The cleavage of glucose units from glycogen starts from the__________________. 
a. reducing end 
b. non-reducing end 
c. 1,6 linked glucose units 
d. none of the above  
 
3) The monmeric substrate for glycogen synthase is ___________.  
a. glucose-6-phosphate 
b. glucose-1-phosphate 
c. UDP-glucose 
d. glycogenin 
 
4) ________ is an allosteric activator of glycogen synthase and an allosteric activator of glycogen 
pyrophosphorylase. 
a. fructose-2,6 –bisphosphate 
b. cAMP 
c. glucose-6-phosphate 
d. glycogenin 
e. none of the above 
 
5) The hormone _____________ stimulates glycogen synthesis. 
a. insulin 
b. glucagon 
c. epinephrine 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
6) The synthesis of 5 carbon sugar phosphates and the generation of NADPH both occur through 
___________. 
a. glycolysis 
b. the pentose phosphate pathway 
c. gluconeogenesis 
d. none of the above 
 
 
 
7) Gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the __________. 
a. heart 
b. liver 
c. kidneys 
d. A and B 
e. B and C 
 
8) The regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is ____________. 
a.  
b. the succinate dehydrogenase complex 
c. the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex 
d. a and b 
e. all of the above 
 
9) All but which of the following components of the electron transport chain contribute to the 
transfer of protons out of the matrix? 
a. Complex I 
b. Complex II 
c. Complex III 
d. Complex IV 
e. Complex V 
 
10) When the mitochondrial electron transport chain is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation, 
the energy generated from the electron transport chain is _______. 
a. conserved 
b. lost as light 
c. lost as heat 
d. used to generate ATP 
e. none of the above. 
 
11) In oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force generated is derived from a ___________. 
a. pH potential 
b. electrical potential 
c. a and b 
d. none of the above 
 
12) According to the “Bind Change Mechanism” for the F
0
F
1
 ATPase __________ is the rate-
limiting step. 
a. ATP formation 
b. proton translocation 
c. release of ATP from the F
0
 domain 
d. None of the above 
 
13) If in theory only three protons need to pass through the F
0
F
1
 ATPase to form one ATP, why are 4 
protons actually required to form one ATP molecule?  
a. One proton is required to re-import the P
i
 substrate into the matrix for ATP synthesis. 
b. The mitochondrial inner membrane is leaky. 
c. The F
0
F
1
 ATPase is an inexact enzyme and sometimes needs an extra proton. 
d. One proton must bind to an allosteric domain of the F
0
F
1
 ATPase. 
e. None of the above. 
 
Page 3


BCH 400/600        Name_________________________
April 15, Spring 2003 
Exam 4 
 
For Questions 1 thru 25, mark the correct answer on the Scantron answer sheet and the exam. There will 
be only one correct answer for each question. 
 
Multiple Choice (2 points each)  
1) The enzyme(s) that catalyze the complete catabolism of glycogen is(are) referred to as  
_________. 
a. debranching enzyme 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. amylo-1,6-glucosidase 
d. all of the above 
e. only B and C 
 
2) The cleavage of glucose units from glycogen starts from the__________________. 
a. reducing end 
b. non-reducing end 
c. 1,6 linked glucose units 
d. none of the above  
 
3) The monmeric substrate for glycogen synthase is ___________.  
a. glucose-6-phosphate 
b. glucose-1-phosphate 
c. UDP-glucose 
d. glycogenin 
 
4) ________ is an allosteric activator of glycogen synthase and an allosteric activator of glycogen 
pyrophosphorylase. 
a. fructose-2,6 –bisphosphate 
b. cAMP 
c. glucose-6-phosphate 
d. glycogenin 
e. none of the above 
 
5) The hormone _____________ stimulates glycogen synthesis. 
a. insulin 
b. glucagon 
c. epinephrine 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
6) The synthesis of 5 carbon sugar phosphates and the generation of NADPH both occur through 
___________. 
a. glycolysis 
b. the pentose phosphate pathway 
c. gluconeogenesis 
d. none of the above 
 
 
 
7) Gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the __________. 
a. heart 
b. liver 
c. kidneys 
d. A and B 
e. B and C 
 
8) The regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is ____________. 
a.  
b. the succinate dehydrogenase complex 
c. the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex 
d. a and b 
e. all of the above 
 
9) All but which of the following components of the electron transport chain contribute to the 
transfer of protons out of the matrix? 
a. Complex I 
b. Complex II 
c. Complex III 
d. Complex IV 
e. Complex V 
 
10) When the mitochondrial electron transport chain is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation, 
the energy generated from the electron transport chain is _______. 
a. conserved 
b. lost as light 
c. lost as heat 
d. used to generate ATP 
e. none of the above. 
 
11) In oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force generated is derived from a ___________. 
a. pH potential 
b. electrical potential 
c. a and b 
d. none of the above 
 
12) According to the “Bind Change Mechanism” for the F
0
F
1
 ATPase __________ is the rate-
limiting step. 
a. ATP formation 
b. proton translocation 
c. release of ATP from the F
0
 domain 
d. None of the above 
 
13) If in theory only three protons need to pass through the F
0
F
1
 ATPase to form one ATP, why are 4 
protons actually required to form one ATP molecule?  
a. One proton is required to re-import the P
i
 substrate into the matrix for ATP synthesis. 
b. The mitochondrial inner membrane is leaky. 
c. The F
0
F
1
 ATPase is an inexact enzyme and sometimes needs an extra proton. 
d. One proton must bind to an allosteric domain of the F
0
F
1
 ATPase. 
e. None of the above. 
 
14) In the chloroplast, the photosynthetic electron transport chain provides energy to pump protons 
into the __________.  
a. the stroma 
b. the cytosol 
c. the inner membrane space 
d. the thylakoid lumen 
e. None of the above. 
 
15) In the presence of oxygen, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxgenase (Rubisco) produces 
__________. 
a. 3-phosphoglycerate 
b. phosphoglycolate 
c. ammonia 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
16) What is the special role of water in the photosynthetic electron transport chain? 
a. It is the source of electrons used to re-reduce the oxidized P700 of photosystem I. 
b. It is the source of electrons used to re-reduce the oxidized P680 of photsystem II. 
c. It is formed from the reduction of oxygen in the terminal step of the photosynthetic 
electron transport chain. 
d. None of the above. 
 
17) The process by which the energy from a photon is converted to chemical energy in the form of a 
electron known as ______________. 
a. Photo-osmosis 
b. resonance transfer 
c. fluorescence 
d. charge separation 
e. none of the above. 
 
18) C4 and CAM photosynthesis are mechanisms that plants use to ______________. 
a. avoid photorespiration. 
b. prevent water loss 
c. thrive in hot climates 
d. all of the above. 
e. None of the above. 
 
19) Many enzymes in the reductive pentose phosphate pathway (photosynthetic dark reactions) are 
activated in the light by _______________. 
a. reduced thioredoxin 
b. oxidized thioredoxin 
c. none of the above. 
 
20) Which class of lipoprotein functions to mobilize dietary triacylglycerol? 
a. VLDL 
b. IDL 
c. LDL 
d. HDL 
e. Chylomicrons 
 
21) Of the following compounds, which is the densest form of stored calories? 
Page 4


BCH 400/600        Name_________________________
April 15, Spring 2003 
Exam 4 
 
For Questions 1 thru 25, mark the correct answer on the Scantron answer sheet and the exam. There will 
be only one correct answer for each question. 
 
Multiple Choice (2 points each)  
1) The enzyme(s) that catalyze the complete catabolism of glycogen is(are) referred to as  
_________. 
a. debranching enzyme 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. amylo-1,6-glucosidase 
d. all of the above 
e. only B and C 
 
2) The cleavage of glucose units from glycogen starts from the__________________. 
a. reducing end 
b. non-reducing end 
c. 1,6 linked glucose units 
d. none of the above  
 
3) The monmeric substrate for glycogen synthase is ___________.  
a. glucose-6-phosphate 
b. glucose-1-phosphate 
c. UDP-glucose 
d. glycogenin 
 
4) ________ is an allosteric activator of glycogen synthase and an allosteric activator of glycogen 
pyrophosphorylase. 
a. fructose-2,6 –bisphosphate 
b. cAMP 
c. glucose-6-phosphate 
d. glycogenin 
e. none of the above 
 
5) The hormone _____________ stimulates glycogen synthesis. 
a. insulin 
b. glucagon 
c. epinephrine 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
6) The synthesis of 5 carbon sugar phosphates and the generation of NADPH both occur through 
___________. 
a. glycolysis 
b. the pentose phosphate pathway 
c. gluconeogenesis 
d. none of the above 
 
 
 
7) Gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the __________. 
a. heart 
b. liver 
c. kidneys 
d. A and B 
e. B and C 
 
8) The regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is ____________. 
a.  
b. the succinate dehydrogenase complex 
c. the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex 
d. a and b 
e. all of the above 
 
9) All but which of the following components of the electron transport chain contribute to the 
transfer of protons out of the matrix? 
a. Complex I 
b. Complex II 
c. Complex III 
d. Complex IV 
e. Complex V 
 
10) When the mitochondrial electron transport chain is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation, 
the energy generated from the electron transport chain is _______. 
a. conserved 
b. lost as light 
c. lost as heat 
d. used to generate ATP 
e. none of the above. 
 
11) In oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force generated is derived from a ___________. 
a. pH potential 
b. electrical potential 
c. a and b 
d. none of the above 
 
12) According to the “Bind Change Mechanism” for the F
0
F
1
 ATPase __________ is the rate-
limiting step. 
a. ATP formation 
b. proton translocation 
c. release of ATP from the F
0
 domain 
d. None of the above 
 
13) If in theory only three protons need to pass through the F
0
F
1
 ATPase to form one ATP, why are 4 
protons actually required to form one ATP molecule?  
a. One proton is required to re-import the P
i
 substrate into the matrix for ATP synthesis. 
b. The mitochondrial inner membrane is leaky. 
c. The F
0
F
1
 ATPase is an inexact enzyme and sometimes needs an extra proton. 
d. One proton must bind to an allosteric domain of the F
0
F
1
 ATPase. 
e. None of the above. 
 
14) In the chloroplast, the photosynthetic electron transport chain provides energy to pump protons 
into the __________.  
a. the stroma 
b. the cytosol 
c. the inner membrane space 
d. the thylakoid lumen 
e. None of the above. 
 
15) In the presence of oxygen, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxgenase (Rubisco) produces 
__________. 
a. 3-phosphoglycerate 
b. phosphoglycolate 
c. ammonia 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
16) What is the special role of water in the photosynthetic electron transport chain? 
a. It is the source of electrons used to re-reduce the oxidized P700 of photosystem I. 
b. It is the source of electrons used to re-reduce the oxidized P680 of photsystem II. 
c. It is formed from the reduction of oxygen in the terminal step of the photosynthetic 
electron transport chain. 
d. None of the above. 
 
17) The process by which the energy from a photon is converted to chemical energy in the form of a 
electron known as ______________. 
a. Photo-osmosis 
b. resonance transfer 
c. fluorescence 
d. charge separation 
e. none of the above. 
 
18) C4 and CAM photosynthesis are mechanisms that plants use to ______________. 
a. avoid photorespiration. 
b. prevent water loss 
c. thrive in hot climates 
d. all of the above. 
e. None of the above. 
 
19) Many enzymes in the reductive pentose phosphate pathway (photosynthetic dark reactions) are 
activated in the light by _______________. 
a. reduced thioredoxin 
b. oxidized thioredoxin 
c. none of the above. 
 
20) Which class of lipoprotein functions to mobilize dietary triacylglycerol? 
a. VLDL 
b. IDL 
c. LDL 
d. HDL 
e. Chylomicrons 
 
21) Of the following compounds, which is the densest form of stored calories? 
a. triacylglycerol 
b. glycogen 
c. protein 
d. starch 
e. none of the above 
 
22) Starting from the initial steps of fatty acid synthesis, what is/are the acyl carrier(s) that 
participate in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids? 
a. co-enzyme A 
b. acyl-carrier protein 
c. biotin carboxyl carrier protein 
d. a and b 
e. a and c 
 
23) Aspirin inhibits __________. 
a. lipoxygenase-1 (lox-1) 
b. cyclooxygenase-1(cox-1) 
c. cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
24) _________ are eicosanoid compounds that are synthesized in a pathway involving 
lipoxygenases.  
a. Prostaglandins 
b. Thromboxanes 
c. Leukotrienes 
d. Prostacyclins 
e. none of the above 
  
25) Glycogen synthase require a polysaccharide primer of 4 to 8 units synthesized by_________. 
a. glycogen synthase 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. glycogenin 
d. glycoprimase 
e. None of the above 
 
 
26) The Q cycle ______________________________. 
a. allows the 2 electron donor ubiquinone transfer one electron at a time 
b. allows the single electron donor ubiquinone transfer two electrons at a time 
c. prevents the transfer of electrons in the wrong direction 
d. quenches unused energy generated from the electron transport chain and converts it to 
heat. 
e. None of the above. 
 
27) The flow of electrons through the F
0 
domain of the F
0
F
1
 ATPase causes the entire complex to 
rotate. 
a. true 
b. false 
 
28) The reductive pentose phosphate pathway is referred to as the Dark Reactions of photosynthesis 
because it only functions in the dark. 
Page 5


BCH 400/600        Name_________________________
April 15, Spring 2003 
Exam 4 
 
For Questions 1 thru 25, mark the correct answer on the Scantron answer sheet and the exam. There will 
be only one correct answer for each question. 
 
Multiple Choice (2 points each)  
1) The enzyme(s) that catalyze the complete catabolism of glycogen is(are) referred to as  
_________. 
a. debranching enzyme 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. amylo-1,6-glucosidase 
d. all of the above 
e. only B and C 
 
2) The cleavage of glucose units from glycogen starts from the__________________. 
a. reducing end 
b. non-reducing end 
c. 1,6 linked glucose units 
d. none of the above  
 
3) The monmeric substrate for glycogen synthase is ___________.  
a. glucose-6-phosphate 
b. glucose-1-phosphate 
c. UDP-glucose 
d. glycogenin 
 
4) ________ is an allosteric activator of glycogen synthase and an allosteric activator of glycogen 
pyrophosphorylase. 
a. fructose-2,6 –bisphosphate 
b. cAMP 
c. glucose-6-phosphate 
d. glycogenin 
e. none of the above 
 
5) The hormone _____________ stimulates glycogen synthesis. 
a. insulin 
b. glucagon 
c. epinephrine 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
6) The synthesis of 5 carbon sugar phosphates and the generation of NADPH both occur through 
___________. 
a. glycolysis 
b. the pentose phosphate pathway 
c. gluconeogenesis 
d. none of the above 
 
 
 
7) Gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the __________. 
a. heart 
b. liver 
c. kidneys 
d. A and B 
e. B and C 
 
8) The regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is ____________. 
a.  
b. the succinate dehydrogenase complex 
c. the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex 
d. a and b 
e. all of the above 
 
9) All but which of the following components of the electron transport chain contribute to the 
transfer of protons out of the matrix? 
a. Complex I 
b. Complex II 
c. Complex III 
d. Complex IV 
e. Complex V 
 
10) When the mitochondrial electron transport chain is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation, 
the energy generated from the electron transport chain is _______. 
a. conserved 
b. lost as light 
c. lost as heat 
d. used to generate ATP 
e. none of the above. 
 
11) In oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force generated is derived from a ___________. 
a. pH potential 
b. electrical potential 
c. a and b 
d. none of the above 
 
12) According to the “Bind Change Mechanism” for the F
0
F
1
 ATPase __________ is the rate-
limiting step. 
a. ATP formation 
b. proton translocation 
c. release of ATP from the F
0
 domain 
d. None of the above 
 
13) If in theory only three protons need to pass through the F
0
F
1
 ATPase to form one ATP, why are 4 
protons actually required to form one ATP molecule?  
a. One proton is required to re-import the P
i
 substrate into the matrix for ATP synthesis. 
b. The mitochondrial inner membrane is leaky. 
c. The F
0
F
1
 ATPase is an inexact enzyme and sometimes needs an extra proton. 
d. One proton must bind to an allosteric domain of the F
0
F
1
 ATPase. 
e. None of the above. 
 
14) In the chloroplast, the photosynthetic electron transport chain provides energy to pump protons 
into the __________.  
a. the stroma 
b. the cytosol 
c. the inner membrane space 
d. the thylakoid lumen 
e. None of the above. 
 
15) In the presence of oxygen, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxgenase (Rubisco) produces 
__________. 
a. 3-phosphoglycerate 
b. phosphoglycolate 
c. ammonia 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
16) What is the special role of water in the photosynthetic electron transport chain? 
a. It is the source of electrons used to re-reduce the oxidized P700 of photosystem I. 
b. It is the source of electrons used to re-reduce the oxidized P680 of photsystem II. 
c. It is formed from the reduction of oxygen in the terminal step of the photosynthetic 
electron transport chain. 
d. None of the above. 
 
17) The process by which the energy from a photon is converted to chemical energy in the form of a 
electron known as ______________. 
a. Photo-osmosis 
b. resonance transfer 
c. fluorescence 
d. charge separation 
e. none of the above. 
 
18) C4 and CAM photosynthesis are mechanisms that plants use to ______________. 
a. avoid photorespiration. 
b. prevent water loss 
c. thrive in hot climates 
d. all of the above. 
e. None of the above. 
 
19) Many enzymes in the reductive pentose phosphate pathway (photosynthetic dark reactions) are 
activated in the light by _______________. 
a. reduced thioredoxin 
b. oxidized thioredoxin 
c. none of the above. 
 
20) Which class of lipoprotein functions to mobilize dietary triacylglycerol? 
a. VLDL 
b. IDL 
c. LDL 
d. HDL 
e. Chylomicrons 
 
21) Of the following compounds, which is the densest form of stored calories? 
a. triacylglycerol 
b. glycogen 
c. protein 
d. starch 
e. none of the above 
 
22) Starting from the initial steps of fatty acid synthesis, what is/are the acyl carrier(s) that 
participate in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids? 
a. co-enzyme A 
b. acyl-carrier protein 
c. biotin carboxyl carrier protein 
d. a and b 
e. a and c 
 
23) Aspirin inhibits __________. 
a. lipoxygenase-1 (lox-1) 
b. cyclooxygenase-1(cox-1) 
c. cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) 
d. a and b 
e. b and c 
 
24) _________ are eicosanoid compounds that are synthesized in a pathway involving 
lipoxygenases.  
a. Prostaglandins 
b. Thromboxanes 
c. Leukotrienes 
d. Prostacyclins 
e. none of the above 
  
25) Glycogen synthase require a polysaccharide primer of 4 to 8 units synthesized by_________. 
a. glycogen synthase 
b. glycogen pyrophosphorylase 
c. glycogenin 
d. glycoprimase 
e. None of the above 
 
 
26) The Q cycle ______________________________. 
a. allows the 2 electron donor ubiquinone transfer one electron at a time 
b. allows the single electron donor ubiquinone transfer two electrons at a time 
c. prevents the transfer of electrons in the wrong direction 
d. quenches unused energy generated from the electron transport chain and converts it to 
heat. 
e. None of the above. 
 
27) The flow of electrons through the F
0 
domain of the F
0
F
1
 ATPase causes the entire complex to 
rotate. 
a. true 
b. false 
 
28) The reductive pentose phosphate pathway is referred to as the Dark Reactions of photosynthesis 
because it only functions in the dark. 
a. true 
b. false 
 
29) HMG-CoA synthase is the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. 
a. true 
b. false 
 
30) (10 points) Based on the information provided in the table below, draw a hypothetical electron 
transport chain using the listed electron carriers. Place the carriers in the correct order using 
NADH as the initial electron donor and oxygen as the terminal electron accepter. Draw arrows to 
show the direction of electron flow. Circle the electron carriers that are capable of transferring 
two electrons at a time. 
 
Electron carrier Standard reduction potentials = E
o’
 (V) 
NADH -0.32 
Oxygen +0.82 
Cytochrome C +0.32 
ubiquinone +0.04 
Fe-S cluster -0.25 
Complex Z (single electron carriers) +0.001 
Complex E (single electron carriers) +0.50 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32) (10 points) Briefly explain why fewer ATPs are generated when electrons are donated to the electron 
transport chain from Complex II than when electrons are donated to the electron transport chain from 
Complex I?