Reading Comprehension Passage: 49 | 100 RC`s for Government Exams Preparation - Bank Exams PDF Download

Statement 1: Most of the plastic present in the ocean today has originated from the land.
Refer to:
the plastic pollution spectacle blatantly unveiling on our beaches is only the prelude of the greater story that unfolded further away in the world’s oceans, yet mostly originating from where we stand: the land.
The highlighted part above makes it clear that most of the plastic that ended up being in the ocean, originates from the land. This makes the statement 1 true.
Statement 2: In recent years, the production of plastic has declined.
Refer to:
For more than 50 years, global production and consumption of plastics have continued to rise. An estimated 299 million tons of plastics were produced in 2013, representing a 4 percent increase over 2012, and confirming an upward trend over the past years.
According to the highlighted part above the production and consumption of plastics is on the rise which is opposite of what stated in statement 2. This makes the statement 2 invalid.
Statement 3: Plastic pollution is present on almost every beach.
Refer to:
A simple walk on any beach, anywhere, and the plastic waste spectacle is present. All over the world, the statistics are ever growing, staggeringly.
In the above highlighted part, the author uses the words ‘any beach, anywhere’ to emphasise that plastic pollution is present on almost every beach.
Evidently, option C is the correct answer.

Statement 1: There is a 4 percent increase in the production of plastic in 2013, over 2012.
Refer to:
For more than 50 years, global production and consumption of plastics have continued to rise. An estimated 299 million tons of plastics were produced in 2013, representing a 4 percent increase over 2012, and confirming an upward trend over the past years.
According to the author, the production of the plastics was increased by 4 percent in 2013 over 2012. Thus the statement 1 is true.
Statement: The production of plastics in 2012 is approximately 299 million tons.
Refer to :
For more than 50 years, global production and consumption of plastics have continued to rise. An estimated 299 million tons of plastics were produced in 2013, representing a 4 percent increase over 2012, and confirming an upward trend over the past years.
From the above highlighted part, it is clear that the production of plastics was 299 million tons in 2013 and not in 2012. There has been no mention of the quantity of plastics produced in 2012 in the passage. This makes the statement 2 false. 
Statement 3: According to the Global Industry Experts, plastic consumption is to reach 297.5 million tons by the end of 2015.
Refer to:
In 2008, our global plastic consumption worldwide has been estimated at 260 million tons, and, according to a 2012 report by Global Industry Analysts, plastic consumption is to reach 297.5 million tons by the end of 2015.
As mentioned in the highlighted part the report is published by the “Global Industry Analyst” and not by the ‘Global Industry Experts’. This makes the statement 3 invalid.
Hence, The answer will be option C i.e. Both statement 2 and 3 are false.

Statement 1: Plastic is cheaply available and that lead to the overconsumption.
Refer to : 
Plastic is versatile, lightweight, flexible, moisture resistant, strong, and relatively inexpensive. Those are the attractive qualities that lead us, around the world, to such a voracious appetite and over-consumption of plastic goods.
It can be observed from the above highlighted part that Plastic is comparatively cheaper. This quality of plastic has lead to over-consumption of plastic goods. This, in turn, has lead to more plastic goods being discarded. Thus eventually increasing the plastic pollution. Thus the statement 1 is true.
Statement 2: Plastic does not degrade easily thus it ended up being a pollutant.
Refer to:
However, durable and very slow to degrade, plastic materials that are used in the production of so many products all, ultimately, become waste with staying power
From the above highlighted part, it can be inferred that plastic does not degrade easily, thus plastic can be present in the environment for a very long period of time. Ultimately it ended up being a pollutant. This makes the statement 2 valid.
Statement 3: There is no policy to curb plastic pollution.
Refer to:
There has been no mention in the passage about the the statement 3. This makes the statement 3 invalid
Evidently, option D is the correct answer.

Refer to :
Plastic is versatile, lightweight, flexible, moisture resistant, strong, and relatively inexpensive. Those are the attractive qualities that lead us, around the world, to such a voracious appetite and over-consumption of plastic goods
All the qualities other than Brittle have been mentioned in the passage.
Thus the option C is the correct answer.

Refer to:
Although both option 1 and 2 have been mentioned in the passage, it is option 1 i.e. UC Santa Barbara’s National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis organisation which has quantified the input of plastic waste from land into the ocean. 
There is no mention of the other organisation in the passage.
Hence, option A is correct.