Respiration in Human Beings Video Lecture - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

in this module you will learn about
respiration in human beings
how to human-beings respire
in human-beings air is drawn into the
body through the nostrils nostrils
aligned with fine hairs and mucus that
filter the air as it passes through next
the air travels through the throat and
then moves through a pipe called trachea
trachea contains cartilaginous rings
that ensure smooth flow of air into the
lungs from here the air passes through
the bronchi before entering the lungs
the bronchi are like a network of tubes
that keep branching into smaller tubes
called bronchioles at the end of each
bronchial you will find balloon like
structures called alveoli the alveoli
provide a surface for the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide the walls of
the alveoli contain a massive network of
blood vessels
when we breathe in we lift our ribs and
flatten our diaphragm
as a result the chest cavity becomes
larger
air gets sucked into the lungs and fills
the expanded alveoli
the oxygen in the alveolar air is taken
in by the red blood cells in the
alveolar blood vessels
the oxygen in the red blood cells is
then transported to all the cells in the
body
the cells in turn release carbon dioxide
which diffuses into the blood and is
then released into the alveoli
in large animals like elephant it is
difficult for oxygen to reach all parts
of the body through diffusion
hemoglobin a respiratory pigment present
in red blood cells
has high affinity for oxygen
this pigment binds with oxygen from the
air in the lungs and forms oxyhemoglobin
later through oxyhemoglobin oxygen is
distributed to all the tissues in the
body
the tissues intend release carbon
dioxide which diffuses into the nearby
blood capillaries
carbon dioxide is more soluble in water
than in oxygen
therefore carbon dioxide is gently
transported through blood as bicarbonate
which is it's dissolved form
in this module you learned that air
enters a human body through the nostril
it moves through the throat and then the
trachea
from the trachea it enters the bronchi
and then goes into the lungs
the bronchi form a network of tubes
known as bronchioles
each bronchiole has alveoli at the end
hemoglobin absorbs oxygen from the air
in the lungs and carries it to tissues
all over the body