HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE
Components and Processes of the Water Cycle
Components
|
Processes |
Water storage | Evaporation |
in oceans | Evapotranspiration |
| Sublimation |
Water in the | Condensation |
atmosphere | Precipitation |
Water storage in | Snowmelt runoff |
ice and snow | to streams |
Surface runoff | Stream flow freshwater |
| storage infiltration |
Groundwater storage | Groundwater |
| discharge springs |
RELIEF OF THE OCEAN FLOOR
Divisions of the Ocean Floors
The ocean floors can be divided into four major divisions:
(i) the Continental Shelf; (ii) the Continental Slope; (iii) the Deep Sea Plain; (iv) the Oceanic Deeps.
1. Continental Shelf
Continental Slope
Deep Sea Plain
Deep sea plains are gently sloping areas of the ocean basins. These are the flattest and smoothest regions of the world.
Oceanic Deeps or Trenches
Minor Relief Features
Mid-Oceanic Ridges
Submarine Canyons
Guyots
Atoll
TEMPERATURE OF OCEAN WATERS
Factors Affecting Temperature Distribution
Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of Temperature
SALINITY OF OCEAN WATERS
Factors affecting ocean salinity
: Spatial pattern of surface temperature (°C) of the oceans Highest salinity in water bodies Lake
Van in Turkey (330 o/oo ),
Dead Sea (238 o/oo),
Great Salt Lake (220 o/oo
HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALINITY
Vertical Distribution of Salinity Salinity
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