Series & parallel Capacitors (Part - 15) - Capacitor & Capacitance, Physics, Class 12 Video Lecture - Class 12 | Best Video for Class 12

hello friends this video on capacitors
and capacitance part 15 is brought to
you by exam viacom no more fear from
exam please make sure that you have
watched all the videos in part 14 before
going ahead with part 15 now we will
talk about different combinations of the
fasteners you remember in the very first
introduction page I told you where do
you normally find capacitance around you
you find it in different kind of
circuits in our electronic devices when
you look at their circuits you find way
these capacitors arranged named so do
you think then we just ran to the
arrange capacitor we put a capacitor
wherever we like it is not like that
right so in order to arrange the
capacitor in a circuit it has to be
yourself a certain pattern in which we
will arrange different so there are
different ways capacitors can be
combined in fact there are basically two
ways in which the masseter sending
combined they can be either combined in
series or they can be combined in
platinum right so sometimes you arrange
capacitors in series sometimes you get
interesting parallel so what is the
series and a dual combination I will
talk about them so now from here
afterwards here on we are going to study
about how do we arrange capacitors to
form circuits because that is what is
the practical application of capacitors
there is now understudied about the
internal structure of capacitor how does
a single capacitor work now we will see
how do we use multiple capacitors
together in a Senate
okay so let us start with capacitance in
series what do mean what do I mean when
I say capacitors arranged in series that
means multiple capacitors are arranged
in such a way that the charge is of same
magnitude on each of the capacitor so
charge will be same on each of the
capacitors so when you see that there
are 10 capacitors arranged in series we
mean that the charge on each of those
two capacitors is the same so they will
be arranged somewhat like this you
remember the circuit symbol for a pass
I told you in the first slide right this
is how we represent a capacitor so this
is one capacitor let us call it and see
one let us suppose the capacitance of
this capacitor VC one capacitance is C
two capacitance is CP
however the charge on each of them is
the same let us suppose this is a source
of battery which is providing the charge
C it provides plus Q charge on this
plate so there will be minus Q on this
plate as a result plus Q on this plate
minus Q on this way plus Q on this plane
minus q1 this thing right so this is how
charge gets distributed so then I say
minus Q plus Q minus Q plus Q and so on
that means that feeling amount charge is
getting stored in each of these
capacitors however you can see as I told
that the capacitance is different for
each of them so that means the voltage
across each of them is also different
the potential difference across each of
the capacitor is also different
so let us up say that the potential
difference between these two places v1
the potential difference between the
plates of these this capacitor is v2
similarly the potential difference
between the plates of this capacitance
v3 okay and let us suppose this is my
voltage source which supplies a voltage
V that is a net voltage one the second
is V so what will be the net voltage for
this circuit net voltage will be equal
to v1 plus v2 plus VP that is potential
difference across the first capacitor
plus the potential difference across and
significant Basseterre plus the
potential difference across the third
capacitor so what can we write v1 you
already know that Q is equal to cv right
so V 1 can be written as charge on
skipping the first capacitor that is Q
divided by the capacitance of the first
capacitor similarly we do Q divided by
second similarly briefly in DQ
seeking and what does this V V is
nothing but the charge on this circuit
which is a cube because the charge on
this entire circuit okay let me tell you
one more thing when I talk about V V
means the potential difference across an
entire circuit so at that time we do not
many of you might be thinking why don't
we say it is PQ Q plus Q plus Q we do
not do it like that because we always
consider the net charge of each of the
capacitor because they are all connected
in the series so net charge Q is there
across a potential difference of V so we
will consider Q u divided by wanting to
see C will be the net capacitance on
these three capacitors we call this
equivalent capacitance on the circuit
that means the net capacitance I do not
know what is the net capacitance on the
circuit right from this we can say that
all this Q will get cancelled and we get
1 by C equivalent is equal to 1 by C 1
plus 1 by C 2 plus 1 by C 3 so this is
how we can calculate the equivalent
capacitance of capacitors which are
connected in series so if there are
capacitors which are connected in series
series means such that the charge on
each of them is the same and a potential
difference across each of them is
different so in that case we this is how
we can calculate the equivalent
capacitance of the circuit right so we
see that equivalent capacitance for a
series combination 1 by C s is given by
1 by C 1 plus 1 by C 2 plus 1 by C 3 do
you see so that means because somewhat
like this for example later suppose you
have a circuit like this you have a
circuit with 4 capacitors in series they
are connected to a voltage source this
is the source of voltage right now let
us suppose this is
1 this is C 2 this is C 3 this is 4 now
using these 4 are in series so we take a
suppose we calculated equivalent
capacitance of the set so we can say
that this equivalent capacitance is a
substitute of all these four capacitance
so we can write it we can showing
diagrammatically like this equivalent
capacitance of these 4 capacitors is
nothing but any please me talk these 4
capacitors make calculations simple or
to design it it makes easier to design
circuits because when you design the
circuit of your motherboard or very
complicated electronic devices you have
thousands and thousands of capacitors
and resistors and so many other elements
so at that time this kind of calculation
makes things simple if you if you need a
certain value of capacitance you can
combine some six or seven capacitors get
that one by arranging them in series on
an array a so this is how this is what
is capacitors arranged in series now let
us look at the capacitors in parallel
what do we mean by parallel combination
capacitors are said to be in parallel
combination if the potential difference
is same across each of the capacitors
see either do two things in case of a
capacitor one is capacitance other than
that you have charge on the capacitor
and the potential difference across the
capacitor these are the three vegetable
quantities for a capacitor right now if
your charge is same your potential
difference has to be different
so that your capacitance system if
charge and potential difference both are
same then your capacitance will also do
the same in this case in the previous
case that is in series combination you
see that the charge on each of the
capacitor was here in parallel
combination the potential difference
across each of the capacitor will be
this T so their charge will be different
so the arrangement will look somewhat
like this let us suppose this is a
source of voltage this is your C one
your seat and this is what's the key
these are the three capacitors now the
question here that it says that the
potential difference across each of them
is the same
let us suppose they all have plus Q plus
Q plus Q because they are all connected
with the positive of this battery
they all have minus Q minus Q and minus
Q but the charge on all of them I
defended if this has Q 1 this will have
Q 2 this will again have you fee but the
potential difference if you look at it
it is very obvious like it is suppose
this is V so if this is V what is the
potential difference between these two
points put into your difference between
these two points is also V and these are
the two points which are basically
connecting these two capacitors this
capacitor capacitor I mean this diagram
is very similar to this and then drive
it like this is very similar to drawing
it like this both mean the same so that
means these two points are basically
what it is managing all the key
capacitors they put a potential
difference across each of them is the
same as the potential difference across
these two points right so in this case
we can say that what is the total charge
of the second Q so the total charge of
the circuit will be Q 1 plus Q 2 plus Q
key that is the charge stored in
capacitor 1 plus capacitor 2 plus the
passionately so what would be the charge
stored in capacitor 1 it would be
nothing but Q is equal to cv we know
that so it will be C 1 into B plus C 2
into B plus C key you to be and what
would be the net total charge in the
circuit it will be C we well it into B
because for the entire circuit also the
net potential difference is V so from
this we can say C equivalent is equal to
C 1 plus C plus C that means if the
capacitors are arranged in parallel
combination then the total capacitance
or the equivalent capacitance of
circuit is the sum of the individual
capacitance that is equivalent
capacitance for a parallel combination I
am so sorry which should be parallel is
equal to C 1 plus C 2 plus C 3 in C n so
here also we can substitute this circuit
with somewhat like this instead of these
three capacitors I can just write C
Rivlin connected to this so so battery
right so I hope you understood this
lilies and parallel combination of
capacitors now there are held on the
problems that you need to solve have
more clarity on this now we will look at
some problems and we will understand you
the efforts to solve for equivalent
capacitance in a circuit because you
will face many such problems numerical
problems as you go through this chapter
you will have capacitors attached here
in telling the circuit and you will have
to calculate the equivalent capacitance
to let so let us solve few now thank you
please visit example.com to watch free
educational videos try free online tests
get the best quality study materials
study from the best tutors and mentors
and much moon thank you once again