Short & Long Questions: Movements of the Earth | Be an Explorer 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets - Class 5 PDF Download

Short Answer Questions.

Q1: Who challenged the belief that the Earth is the center of the universe?
Ans: Nicolaus Copernicus.

Q2: What are the two movements of the Earth mentioned in the text?
Ans: Rotation and revolution.

Q3: What causes day and night on Earth?
Ans: Rotation.

Q4: How long does it take for the Earth to complete one rotation?
Ans: Twenty-four hours (one day).

Q5: What is the shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun?
Ans: Oval-shaped.

Q6: How many days does it take for the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun?
Ans: 365 and 1/4 days (365.25 days).

Q7: What does the tilt of the Earth's axis cause?
Ans: Different seasons.

Q8: What are solstices?
Ans: Dates when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards or away from the Sun.

Q9: What happens during the equinoxes?
Ans: The Sun's rays fall directly on the Equator, leading to equal day and night.

Q10: How many major seasons does the Earth experience?
Ans: Four - summer, winter, spring, and autumn.

Long Answer Questions.

Q1: Explain the concept of rotation and how it causes day and night on Earth.
Ans: Rotation is the Earth's movement on its own axis from west to east. It takes 24 hours for one complete rotation. The side facing the Sun experiences day, while the other side in darkness experiences night.

Q2: Describe the Earth's revolution around the Sun and how it influences seasons.
Ans: Revolution is the Earth's movement in an oval-shaped path around the Sun, taking 365.25 days. The tilt of the Earth's axis results in different seasons as one hemisphere faces the Sun more closely during certain times.

Q3: What are solstices, and how do they affect day length in the Northern Hemisphere?
Ans: Solstices are dates when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards or away from the Sun. During the Summer Solstice, the day is longest, while the Winter Solstice has the shortest day and longest night.

Q4: Explain the concept of equinoxes and their significance.
Ans: Equinoxes occur twice a year when the Sun's rays fall directly on the Equator, resulting in equal day and night. Vernal equinox occurs in spring, and autumnal equinox occurs in autumn.

Q5: How does the tilt of the Earth's axis contribute to the different seasons experienced by the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
Ans: The tilt of the Earth's axis causes one hemisphere to be closer to the Sun, experiencing summer, while the other, tilted away, experiences winter. This tilt remains constant during the Earth's revolution.

Q6: Explain the occurrence of seasons on Earth due to its axial tilt.
Ans: The Earth's axis is tilted, causing different parts of the planet to receive varying amounts of sunlight during its revolution around the Sun. This tilt results in four major seasons—summer, winter, spring, and autumn. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, it experiences summer, while the Southern Hemisphere, tilted away, experiences winter.

Q7: Describe the phenomenon of equinoxes and how they contribute to equal day and night.
Ans: Equinoxes occur twice a year when the Sun's rays fall directly on the Equator. This leads to equal day and night duration worldwide. The vernal equinox happens in spring, around March 21, and the autumnal equinox occurs in autumn, around September 23.

Q8: Discuss the impact of Earth's rotation on the apparent motion of the Sun across the sky and the occurrence of day and night.
Ans: The Earth's rotation causes the Sun to appear to rise in the east and set in the west. This rotation from west to east takes 24 hours, creating the cycle of day and night. As the Earth spins, different parts face the Sun, experiencing daylight, while the opposite side is in darkness, causing night.

Q9: Elaborate on the concept of solstices and their influence on day length.
Ans: Solstices mark the extremes in the tilt of the Earth's axis, resulting in longer or shorter days. During the Summer Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, leading to the longest day and shortest night of the year. Conversely, the Winter Solstice sees the Northern Hemisphere tilted away, resulting in the shortest day and longest night.

Q10: Discuss the connection between Earth's revolution and the changing lengths of days in different seasons.
Ans: Earth's revolution around the Sun, combined with its axial tilt, causes varying sunlight exposure in different hemispheres during different times of the year. This variation leads to the changing lengths of days and nights, creating the distinct seasons—summer, winter, spring, and autumn.