Short Notes: Error Analysis | Electrical and Electronic Measurements - Electrical Engineering (EE) PDF Download

 Page 2


Presentaion Outline
1
Introduction
2
Errors and Its analysis
Page 3


Presentaion Outline
1
Introduction
2
Errors and Its analysis
Introduction
Introduction
Methods
Direct Methods
Measured quantity compared against a standard.
Indirect Methods
Classi?cation of Instruments
Absolute Instruments
Magnitude of the measured quantity in terms of physical constants.
Ex: Tangent Galvanometer, Rayleigh’s Current Balance.
Secondary Instruments
Magnitude of the measured quantity by observing output indicated by
the instruments.
Instruments are calibrated with Absolute or other secondary
instruments.
Page 4


Presentaion Outline
1
Introduction
2
Errors and Its analysis
Introduction
Introduction
Methods
Direct Methods
Measured quantity compared against a standard.
Indirect Methods
Classi?cation of Instruments
Absolute Instruments
Magnitude of the measured quantity in terms of physical constants.
Ex: Tangent Galvanometer, Rayleigh’s Current Balance.
Secondary Instruments
Magnitude of the measured quantity by observing output indicated by
the instruments.
Instruments are calibrated with Absolute or other secondary
instruments.
Introduction
Classi?cation of Instruments contd...
De?ection type Instruments
De?ection of the instrument provides a basis for determining the
quantity under measurement.
Accuracy depends on calibration.
More suitable to measurements under dynamic conditions.
Null type Instruments
A zero indication in the instrument leads to the determination of the
magnitude of the measured quantity.
Accuracy of these instruments is high.
Highly Sensitive
Page 5


Presentaion Outline
1
Introduction
2
Errors and Its analysis
Introduction
Introduction
Methods
Direct Methods
Measured quantity compared against a standard.
Indirect Methods
Classi?cation of Instruments
Absolute Instruments
Magnitude of the measured quantity in terms of physical constants.
Ex: Tangent Galvanometer, Rayleigh’s Current Balance.
Secondary Instruments
Magnitude of the measured quantity by observing output indicated by
the instruments.
Instruments are calibrated with Absolute or other secondary
instruments.
Introduction
Classi?cation of Instruments contd...
De?ection type Instruments
De?ection of the instrument provides a basis for determining the
quantity under measurement.
Accuracy depends on calibration.
More suitable to measurements under dynamic conditions.
Null type Instruments
A zero indication in the instrument leads to the determination of the
magnitude of the measured quantity.
Accuracy of these instruments is high.
Highly Sensitive
Introduction
Classes of instruments
Indicating Instruments.
Recording Instruments.
Integrating Instruments.
Principle of Operation
Magnetic effect
Heating effect
Electrostatic effect
Electromagnetic effect
Hall effect