Short Notes - Is Matter Around Us Pure, Science, Class 9 Class 9 Notes | EduRev
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Class 9 : Short Notes - Is Matter Around Us Pure, Science, Class 9 Class 9 Notes | EduRev
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- Compounds
Compound is a pure substance made up of two or more elements combined chemically in a definite ratio.
Characteristics:
1. The properties of compound differ from those of its constituents.
2. Compound has fixed melting point and boiling point.
3. Compound is a homogeneous substance.
4. Constituent elements can be separated by chemical process.
- Mixtures: It is made up of two or more elements or compounds mixed in any ratio/proportion.
Properties:
- It may be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
- The properties of constituent substances are retained.
- No new compound is formed.
- Constituents of a mixture can be separated by simple physical processes.
- It does not have fixed melting and boiling point.
Separation of Mixtures:
| Type of Mixture | Separation method |
| 1. Two immiscible liquids. Example, oil + water | By using separating funnel |
| 2. Ammonium chloride + sand | Sublimation |
| 3. Dyes in black ink. (One solvent; different constituents) | Chromatography |
| 4. Two miscible liquids. (Acetone + water} | Distillation |
| 5. Solid particles insoluble from (solvent) liquid. (Milk + Cream) | Centrifugation |
Physical and Chemical Change
| Physical Change | Chemical Change |
| A new substance is formed. |
| Properties of constituent elements/substance changes. |
| Loss or gain of heat may be involved in this reaction. |
| This change is generally irreversible (can be reversible also). |
- Solution : It is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
| Solute | Solute Solvent |
| A substance which is dissolved in a solvent. E.g., salt, sugar. | Liquid part of solution in which a substance is dissolved. E.g., water. |
| Solute can be solid, liquid or gas. | Solvent can be liquid, solid or gas. |
| Suspension | Colloidal Solution |
| Size of solute particles are not visible with naked eyes. |
| Shows tyndall effect |
| Translucent |
| Colloidal particles do not settle down |
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