Characteristics:
1. The properties of compound differ from those of its constituents.
2. Compound has fixed melting point and boiling point.
3. Compound is a homogeneous substance.
4. Constituent elements can be separated by chemical process.
Properties:
Separation of Mixtures:
Type of Mixture | Separation method |
1. Two immiscible liquids. Example, oil + water | By using separating funnel |
2. Ammonium chloride + sand | Sublimation |
3. Dyes in black ink. (One solvent; different constituents) | Chromatography |
4. Two miscible liquids. (Acetone + water} | Distillation |
5. Solid particles insoluble from (solvent) liquid. (Milk + Cream) | Centrifugation |
Physical and Chemical Change
Physical Change | Chemical Change |
| A new substance is formed. |
| Properties of constituent elements/substance changes. |
| Loss or gain of heat may be involved in this reaction. |
| This change is generally irreversible (can be reversible also). |
Solute | Solute Solvent |
A substance which is dissolved in a solvent. E.g., salt, sugar. | Liquid part of solution in which a substance is dissolved. E.g., water. |
Solute can be solid, liquid or gas. | Solvent can be liquid, solid or gas. |
Suspension | Colloidal Solution |
| Size of solute particles are not visible with naked eyes. |
| Shows tyndall effect |
| Translucent |
| Colloidal particles do not settle down |