Structure of Electron Deficient Compounds involving Main Group Elements Notes | Study Inorganic Chemistry - Chemistry

What are electron deficient compounds explain with example?

Electrons plays a significant role in the formation of a compound. Electron rich and electron-deficient both have variant roles. Let us know about electron-deficient compounds.

➤ Definition- Electron deficient
An electron-deficient compound is one in which there is an insufficient number of electrons to complete the octet of the central atom. These compounds contain insufficient numbers of electrons to form normal electron-pair bonds between each pair of bonded atoms.

➤ Examples
The compounds containing less than 8 electrons in the valence shells are called electron-deficient compounds such as B₂F₆, Al₂Cl6, etc. On the other hand, the compounds containing more than 8 electrons in the valence shells may be called electron surplus compounds example, SF₆, O₈F₈, etc.

➤ Boron family as an example
For example, boron which has electronic configuration [He], 2s²2p¹ forms compounds which are described as electron-deficient compounds.

• Boron has only three valence electrons but has four available orbitals and to accommodate these electrons.
• Other members of the boron family namely aluminium, gallium, indium and thallium show a tendency to lose their valence electrons to form ionic M3+ species in their compounds.