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The Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan culture, was first discovered in ___ in ___ in the year ___. |
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The Harappan Civilization is commonly associated with which geographical features? |
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The Harappan Civilization is associated with the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, covering regions such as Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and western Uttar Pradesh. |
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The Indus Valley Civilization is best known for its advanced system of ___ and its use of ___ bricks. |
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The primary agricultural products included wheat, barley, rai, peas, sesame, and mustard. |
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Which animals were primarily domesticated by the Harappans in the Indus Valley Civilization? |
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The Harappans domesticated oxen, buffaloes, goats, sheep, pigs, dogs, cats, asses, and camels. |
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What materials were primarily used by Harappan craftsmen to create tools and weapons? |
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Harappan craftsmen primarily used bronze, made by mixing tin with copper, along with stone for tools and implements. |
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What does the cultural homogeneity of the Harappan civilization suggest about its political organization? |
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The cultural homogeneity indicates the presence of a central authority, as such unity would be difficult to achieve without coordinated governance. |
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What role did the pipal tree play in the religious practices of the Indus region? |
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The pipal tree was worshipped as a sacred entity, serving as a representation of gods on seals, and this practice continues in modern times. |
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What distinguishes the Harappan script from other ancient scripts such as those of the Egyptians and Mesopotamians? |
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The Harappan script is primarily pictographic and does not utilize long inscriptions; it is mainly found on seals and consists of only a few words. |
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The Harappans used a weight system primarily based on the number ___ and its multiples. |
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Terracotta figurines from the Harappan culture were primarily used for ___ and ___. |
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Causes include decreased rainfall affecting agriculture, increasing soil salinity, land subsidence causing floods, and potential invasions by Aryans. |
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True or False: The Harappan culture continued to thrive in its urban centers after 1900 B.C. |
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Fill in the blank: After the decline of urban Harappan culture, agricultural settlements emerged in the ___ region. |
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The area referred to in the ancient trade relations extended from ___ in the north to the ___ estuary in the south. |
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True or False: The Mesopotamian texts indicate that there were no intermediate trading stations between Mesopotamia and Meluha. |
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False; the texts mention two intermediate trading stations called Dilmun and Meluhha. |
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The inscriptions found on the seals of the Indus region mostly consist of ___ and ___ inscriptions. |
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Why is the Indus Valley civilization referred to as the Harappan civilization? |
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It is called the Harappan civilization because the first archaeological site of the Indus Valley civilization was discovered at Harappa, located in modern-day West Punjab, Pakistan. |