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Tetravalency and Hybridisation of Carbon Video Lecture - Class 11

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FAQs on Tetravalency and Hybridisation of Carbon Video Lecture - Class 11

1. What is tetravalency of carbon?
Ans. The tetravalency of carbon refers to its ability to form covalent bonds with four other atoms. This is due to carbon having four valence electrons, which allows it to share electrons and form stable compounds with other elements.
2. How does hybridization of carbon occur?
Ans. Hybridization of carbon occurs when its atomic orbitals mix to form new hybrid orbitals. This process involves the rearrangement of electrons in the valence shell of carbon to create a set of hybrid orbitals with specific geometries, such as sp, sp2, and sp3. These hybrid orbitals enable carbon to form different types of covalent bonds.
3. What is the significance of carbon's tetravalency?
Ans. Carbon's tetravalency is significant because it allows carbon to form diverse and complex organic compounds. With its ability to form four covalent bonds, carbon can create long chains, branched structures, and rings, giving rise to the vast array of organic molecules found in living organisms and synthetic materials.
4. How does hybridization affect the geometry of carbon compounds?
Ans. Hybridization greatly influences the geometry of carbon compounds. For example, in sp3 hybridization, carbon forms four sigma bonds, resulting in a tetrahedral geometry. In sp2 hybridization, carbon forms three sigma bonds and one pi bond, leading to a trigonal planar geometry. In sp hybridization, carbon forms two sigma bonds and two pi bonds, resulting in a linear geometry.
5. Why is the concept of hybridization important in understanding the properties of carbon compounds?
Ans. The concept of hybridization is crucial in understanding the properties of carbon compounds because it helps explain their molecular shapes, bond angles, and reactivity. By knowing the hybridization state of carbon in a molecule, we can predict its geometry and understand how it interacts with other molecules, which is fundamental in fields such as organic chemistry and biochemistry.
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