Textbook Solutions: Plant Reproduction | Eureka Plus Class 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

I. Write one word for each of the following: 

1. a seed leaf __________
Ans: cotyledon

2. the process that forms a new plant from a seed __________ 
Ans: germination

3. the science of growing crops __________ 
Ans: agriculture

4. the chemicals used to kill insects that damage plants __________ 
Ans: pesticides

5. to gather a crop when it is ready  __________ 
Ans: harvest

II. Tick (✔) the correct options. 

1. The outermost part of a seed is called the
(a) seed leaf.
(b) seed coat.
(c) seedling.
(d) shoot.
Ans: (b)

2. Plants that produce seeds with two cotyledons are called
(a) monocots.
(b) dicots.
(c) spores.
(d) ferns.
Ans: (b)

3. The baby plant inside a seed is also called the
(a) seed leaf.
(b) embryo.
(c) shoot.
(d) seedling.
Ans: (b)

4. When a seed germinates, the first part to grow is the
(a) root.
(b) shoot.
(c) flower.
(d) leaf.
Ans: (a)

5. A fern plant grows from a
(a) seed.
(b) cone.
(c) seedling.
(d) spore.
Ans: (d)

III. Answer the following questions in one sentence. 

1. What does a seed need to germinate?
Ans: A seed needs water, warmth, and air to germinate.

2. Name a plant which forms a new plant from its bulb.
Ans: Onion forms a new plant from its bulb.

3. When is a rabi crop grown?
Ans: Rabi crops are grown in the winter season.

4. When is a kharif crop grown?
Ans: Kharif crops are grown in the rainy season (monsoon).

5. What are weeds?
Ans: Weeds are wild, unwanted plants that grow in the fields.

IV. Answer the following questions. 

1. Explain the process of germination of a seed with a labelled diagram.
Ans: Germination is the process by which a seed grows into a new plant. It requires water, warmth, and air. The seed absorbs water, and the embryo inside the seed begins to grow. The root emerges first, followed by the shoot, forming the stem and leaves. The cotyledons provide food to the seedling until the leaves can make food for the plant.

2. Describe any two ways of seed dispersal.
Ans: Seeds are dispersed by wind, where light seeds are carried away, and by animals, where seeds with spines stick to fur or feathers and are transported. Additionally, some plants disperse seeds by explosion, such as the ladies' finger, where dried fruits explode, and by water, where seeds float and are carried to different places.

3. Do flowering plants produce new plants only through seeds? Explain.
Ans: No, flowering plants can also produce new plants through roots, stems, and leaves. For example, some plants form new plants from their roots, stems, or leaves, and non-flowering plants like ferns produce spores on their leaves that give rise to new plants.

4. Describe how different non-flowering plants reproduce.
Ans: Non-flowering plants like trees (cedars, firs, pines) produce cones with seeds. Ferns, another type of non-flowering plant, produce spores on the lower surface of their leaves. When these spores fall on the ground, they give rise to new plants.

5. List the steps followed by farmers to grow crops.
Ans: Farmers follow these steps to grow crops:

• Till the soil and add fertilizers.
• Sow seeds of good quality.
• Irrigate the crop at regular intervals.
• Remove weeds from the fields.
• Spray pesticides to protect from insects and fungi.
• Protect the crop from grazing animals.
• Harvest the crop at the proper time and store it safely in suitable conditions.

Think and answer

I. Look at the picture of a seedling growing on the brick wall. How do you think the seed might have reached there?
Ans: The seedling growing on the brick wall could have reached there through various means of seed dispersal. Seeds are often dispersed by wind, animals, water, or explosion. In this case, it's possible that a bird may have dropped the seed there, or the wind could have carried it. Once the seed was lodged in a crevice of the brick wall, it found enough soil, water, and warmth to germinate and grow into a seedling.

II. Why are rabi crops not sown atthe beginning of the monsoons?
Ans: Rabi crops are not sown at the beginning of the monsoons because they require cold conditions to grow. These crops are typically grown in the winter season. Monsoons would bring too much water and would not provide the cool climate that Rabi crops need for proper growth. Instead, Kharif crops, which depend on rainwater, are sown during the monsoon season as they require plenty of water and warmer conditions to grow.