UGC NET Previous Year Question Paper I (June 2023 Set- II): Solutions | UGC NET Past Year Papers PDF Download

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car: This is not correct because 35 (bus) is not ‘slightly more than twice’ 18 (car).
c. Slightly more people indicated that they travelled to work by bus than by car: This is correct.
There are more people who indicated traveling by bus (35) than by car (18).
d. Slightly fewer people indicated that they travelled to work by car than by bus: This is not
correct because there are more people who indicated traveling by car than by bus.
Thus, (c) is the correct answer.
4. (b): ATQ, first calculate the total number of travellers = 72 (Cycle) + 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) + 55 (Walk) = 180
Now, look at options whose total matches with 90.
A. Cycle and Car = 72 + 18 =90
B. Bus and Car = 35 + 18 = 53
C. Walk and Bus = 55 + 35 = 90
D. Walk and Cycle = 35 + 72 = 107
Thus, A and C matches 90. Thus, (b) is the answer.
5. (d): Number of people who cycled to work = 72
Number of people who travelled by bus or car = 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) = 53
The difference between those who cycled and those who travelled by bus or car is 72 – 53 = 19.
Thus, (d) is the correct answer.
6. (b)
Statement 1: Actually, the learner-centred approach focuses on the needs and interests of the learner, not the
teacher. It aims to make them active participants in their learning process, not passive recipients of
information. Therefore, Statement I is incorrect.
Statement 2: Though the learner input is valuable, but through ‘cooperative determination of the subject
matter’ things are not left over to the sole discretion of learners only. Educators and curriculum guidelines are
always given the authority over decisions of subject matter. Therefore, Statement II is also incorrect.
7. (a): Scaffolding: This concept is often attributed to the educational psychologist Lev Vygotsky. The Zone of
Proximal (ZPD) is also linked with it. It is basically a structured support to the learner which can take the forms
of explanations, prompts, modelling, or hints. It is a gradual approach to build the confidence of learner with an
objective of making them independent and self-reliant.
Accommodation: Modifying existing knowledge or mental frameworks to incorporate new information or
experiences.
Schemas: Mental frameworks or organized structures that help individuals process and understand new
information and experiences.
8. (a): SWAYAM PRABHA is an education learning platform initiated by the Ministry of Human Resources and
Development (now Ministry of Education), so the correct answer is (a).
9. (c): Let’s compare all the options so that such MCQs can be solved in the future exams also.
a. Accommodation: This involves modifying existing schemas to fit new experiences.
b. Assimilation: This involves fitting new experiences into existing schemas without changing
the schemas themselves.
c. Adaptation: Adaptation is the broader process that includes both assimilation and
accommodation. The new information is integrated into existing schemas.
d. Equilibration: This shows a kind of dynamism in the Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development. Equilibration suggests that learning and intellectual growth occur as individuals
continually move between states of equilibrium and disequilibrium. Disequilibrium is an issue
linked with fitting them into existing schemas that is a stage of cognitive conflict or
confusion. Equilibrium is linked with accommodation. Thus, they integrate new information
into existing knowledge in a harmonious manner. That results in more effective learning.
10. (c): (Hilda) Taba’s Model focus on the development of cognitive skills and processes through a problem-solving
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car: This is not correct because 35 (bus) is not ‘slightly more than twice’ 18 (car).
c. Slightly more people indicated that they travelled to work by bus than by car: This is correct.
There are more people who indicated traveling by bus (35) than by car (18).
d. Slightly fewer people indicated that they travelled to work by car than by bus: This is not
correct because there are more people who indicated traveling by car than by bus.
Thus, (c) is the correct answer.
4. (b): ATQ, first calculate the total number of travellers = 72 (Cycle) + 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) + 55 (Walk) = 180
Now, look at options whose total matches with 90.
A. Cycle and Car = 72 + 18 =90
B. Bus and Car = 35 + 18 = 53
C. Walk and Bus = 55 + 35 = 90
D. Walk and Cycle = 35 + 72 = 107
Thus, A and C matches 90. Thus, (b) is the answer.
5. (d): Number of people who cycled to work = 72
Number of people who travelled by bus or car = 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) = 53
The difference between those who cycled and those who travelled by bus or car is 72 – 53 = 19.
Thus, (d) is the correct answer.
6. (b)
Statement 1: Actually, the learner-centred approach focuses on the needs and interests of the learner, not the
teacher. It aims to make them active participants in their learning process, not passive recipients of
information. Therefore, Statement I is incorrect.
Statement 2: Though the learner input is valuable, but through ‘cooperative determination of the subject
matter’ things are not left over to the sole discretion of learners only. Educators and curriculum guidelines are
always given the authority over decisions of subject matter. Therefore, Statement II is also incorrect.
7. (a): Scaffolding: This concept is often attributed to the educational psychologist Lev Vygotsky. The Zone of
Proximal (ZPD) is also linked with it. It is basically a structured support to the learner which can take the forms
of explanations, prompts, modelling, or hints. It is a gradual approach to build the confidence of learner with an
objective of making them independent and self-reliant.
Accommodation: Modifying existing knowledge or mental frameworks to incorporate new information or
experiences.
Schemas: Mental frameworks or organized structures that help individuals process and understand new
information and experiences.
8. (a): SWAYAM PRABHA is an education learning platform initiated by the Ministry of Human Resources and
Development (now Ministry of Education), so the correct answer is (a).
9. (c): Let’s compare all the options so that such MCQs can be solved in the future exams also.
a. Accommodation: This involves modifying existing schemas to fit new experiences.
b. Assimilation: This involves fitting new experiences into existing schemas without changing
the schemas themselves.
c. Adaptation: Adaptation is the broader process that includes both assimilation and
accommodation. The new information is integrated into existing schemas.
d. Equilibration: This shows a kind of dynamism in the Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development. Equilibration suggests that learning and intellectual growth occur as individuals
continually move between states of equilibrium and disequilibrium. Disequilibrium is an issue
linked with fitting them into existing schemas that is a stage of cognitive conflict or
confusion. Equilibrium is linked with accommodation. Thus, they integrate new information
into existing knowledge in a harmonious manner. That results in more effective learning.
10. (c): (Hilda) Taba’s Model focus on the development of cognitive skills and processes through a problem-solving
approach.
Open Classroom Model: This philosophical model focuses on student autonomy and flexible learning
spaces, not specifically technical and scientific education.
Weinstein and Fantini Model: This model focuses on social and cultural factors in curriculum development,
not technical and scientific content.
Roger’s Model of Interpersonal Relations: This education philosophy focuses on communication and
relationships, not curriculum development.
11. (c): Sociology: Survey research involves collecting data through questionnaires or interviews, which is a
common method used in sociology to understand various social phenomena like demographics, attitudes, and
behaviours. We need to recall that positivism was also started in Sociology by Auguste Comte.
Physics, History, and Hermeneutics primarily rely on different methods like observation, analysis of historical
documents, and interpretation of texts, respectively.
12. (a): Social reality is basically the set of shared beliefs, norms, and constructs which are collectively accepted by
individuals in a society. With this, they try to interpret and understand their social world. The caste system in
India is an example of this concept. The surveys, interviews, or ethnographic studies are the examples of social
research that is done for the sake of social reality.
13. (d): Higher level of abstraction: The abstraction focuses on essentials and underlying principles. It manages
complexity and it fosters on creative and innovative thinking. This may take place in art, education philosophies,
mathematics, social sciences and so on.
Abstraction is basically cognitive and thus, automatically happens at the highest level of thinking. Grand
theories in social sciences, like functionalism or conflict theory, aim to explain broad patterns and dynamics in
societies. This requires operating at a level of abstraction that transcends specific contexts and focuses on
general principles.
Other lower options may be used for specific hypotheses or research questions within a broader theoretical
framework.
14. (d): This includes B, C, D and E.
A. Non-purposive: Non-purposive usually means non probability. Non-purposive sampling can
still be used in certain qualitative research scenarios, especially in exploratory or preliminary
phases.
B. Causes and consequences: We try to understand the relationships between phenomena.
C. Predictive: Making predictions is mainly the duty of quantitative research.
D. Evaluative: This is often linked with subjective elements and involves content analysis and
interpretation.
E. Descriptive: They aim to provide detailed descriptions and understandings of phenomena,
behaviours, experiences, or social contexts.
Here, A, D and E appeal to qualitative research questions. (Though there is scope of subjective differentiations
in this question).
15. (d)
Statement I: This states that ‘Time and cost are not relevant in determining the sample size’ is false. The
researchers often need to balance the desired accuracy of the results with the available time and resources
Statement II: Unit non-response (persons, organisations etc) does not matter in deciding the sampling error).
Item non response means partial availability of information. The non-response can be biased also and thus
contribute to sampling error.
Thus, the correct answer is (b). Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
16. (d): Cybernetics is the study of feedback systems in complex systems, including humans, animals, and
machines. It examines how information is used to control and regulate behaviour or processes.
a. Feedback science is too general.
b. Experience study is mostly experience-based.
c. Message Hermeneutics focuses on interpretation of messages.
17. (b): Ferdinand de Saussure viewed language as a system of signs (words, sounds, symbols) that represent
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car: This is not correct because 35 (bus) is not ‘slightly more than twice’ 18 (car).
c. Slightly more people indicated that they travelled to work by bus than by car: This is correct.
There are more people who indicated traveling by bus (35) than by car (18).
d. Slightly fewer people indicated that they travelled to work by car than by bus: This is not
correct because there are more people who indicated traveling by car than by bus.
Thus, (c) is the correct answer.
4. (b): ATQ, first calculate the total number of travellers = 72 (Cycle) + 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) + 55 (Walk) = 180
Now, look at options whose total matches with 90.
A. Cycle and Car = 72 + 18 =90
B. Bus and Car = 35 + 18 = 53
C. Walk and Bus = 55 + 35 = 90
D. Walk and Cycle = 35 + 72 = 107
Thus, A and C matches 90. Thus, (b) is the answer.
5. (d): Number of people who cycled to work = 72
Number of people who travelled by bus or car = 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) = 53
The difference between those who cycled and those who travelled by bus or car is 72 – 53 = 19.
Thus, (d) is the correct answer.
6. (b)
Statement 1: Actually, the learner-centred approach focuses on the needs and interests of the learner, not the
teacher. It aims to make them active participants in their learning process, not passive recipients of
information. Therefore, Statement I is incorrect.
Statement 2: Though the learner input is valuable, but through ‘cooperative determination of the subject
matter’ things are not left over to the sole discretion of learners only. Educators and curriculum guidelines are
always given the authority over decisions of subject matter. Therefore, Statement II is also incorrect.
7. (a): Scaffolding: This concept is often attributed to the educational psychologist Lev Vygotsky. The Zone of
Proximal (ZPD) is also linked with it. It is basically a structured support to the learner which can take the forms
of explanations, prompts, modelling, or hints. It is a gradual approach to build the confidence of learner with an
objective of making them independent and self-reliant.
Accommodation: Modifying existing knowledge or mental frameworks to incorporate new information or
experiences.
Schemas: Mental frameworks or organized structures that help individuals process and understand new
information and experiences.
8. (a): SWAYAM PRABHA is an education learning platform initiated by the Ministry of Human Resources and
Development (now Ministry of Education), so the correct answer is (a).
9. (c): Let’s compare all the options so that such MCQs can be solved in the future exams also.
a. Accommodation: This involves modifying existing schemas to fit new experiences.
b. Assimilation: This involves fitting new experiences into existing schemas without changing
the schemas themselves.
c. Adaptation: Adaptation is the broader process that includes both assimilation and
accommodation. The new information is integrated into existing schemas.
d. Equilibration: This shows a kind of dynamism in the Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development. Equilibration suggests that learning and intellectual growth occur as individuals
continually move between states of equilibrium and disequilibrium. Disequilibrium is an issue
linked with fitting them into existing schemas that is a stage of cognitive conflict or
confusion. Equilibrium is linked with accommodation. Thus, they integrate new information
into existing knowledge in a harmonious manner. That results in more effective learning.
10. (c): (Hilda) Taba’s Model focus on the development of cognitive skills and processes through a problem-solving
approach.
Open Classroom Model: This philosophical model focuses on student autonomy and flexible learning
spaces, not specifically technical and scientific education.
Weinstein and Fantini Model: This model focuses on social and cultural factors in curriculum development,
not technical and scientific content.
Roger’s Model of Interpersonal Relations: This education philosophy focuses on communication and
relationships, not curriculum development.
11. (c): Sociology: Survey research involves collecting data through questionnaires or interviews, which is a
common method used in sociology to understand various social phenomena like demographics, attitudes, and
behaviours. We need to recall that positivism was also started in Sociology by Auguste Comte.
Physics, History, and Hermeneutics primarily rely on different methods like observation, analysis of historical
documents, and interpretation of texts, respectively.
12. (a): Social reality is basically the set of shared beliefs, norms, and constructs which are collectively accepted by
individuals in a society. With this, they try to interpret and understand their social world. The caste system in
India is an example of this concept. The surveys, interviews, or ethnographic studies are the examples of social
research that is done for the sake of social reality.
13. (d): Higher level of abstraction: The abstraction focuses on essentials and underlying principles. It manages
complexity and it fosters on creative and innovative thinking. This may take place in art, education philosophies,
mathematics, social sciences and so on.
Abstraction is basically cognitive and thus, automatically happens at the highest level of thinking. Grand
theories in social sciences, like functionalism or conflict theory, aim to explain broad patterns and dynamics in
societies. This requires operating at a level of abstraction that transcends specific contexts and focuses on
general principles.
Other lower options may be used for specific hypotheses or research questions within a broader theoretical
framework.
14. (d): This includes B, C, D and E.
A. Non-purposive: Non-purposive usually means non probability. Non-purposive sampling can
still be used in certain qualitative research scenarios, especially in exploratory or preliminary
phases.
B. Causes and consequences: We try to understand the relationships between phenomena.
C. Predictive: Making predictions is mainly the duty of quantitative research.
D. Evaluative: This is often linked with subjective elements and involves content analysis and
interpretation.
E. Descriptive: They aim to provide detailed descriptions and understandings of phenomena,
behaviours, experiences, or social contexts.
Here, A, D and E appeal to qualitative research questions. (Though there is scope of subjective differentiations
in this question).
15. (d)
Statement I: This states that ‘Time and cost are not relevant in determining the sample size’ is false. The
researchers often need to balance the desired accuracy of the results with the available time and resources
Statement II: Unit non-response (persons, organisations etc) does not matter in deciding the sampling error).
Item non response means partial availability of information. The non-response can be biased also and thus
contribute to sampling error.
Thus, the correct answer is (b). Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
16. (d): Cybernetics is the study of feedback systems in complex systems, including humans, animals, and
machines. It examines how information is used to control and regulate behaviour or processes.
a. Feedback science is too general.
b. Experience study is mostly experience-based.
c. Message Hermeneutics focuses on interpretation of messages.
17. (b): Ferdinand de Saussure viewed language as a system of signs (words, sounds, symbols) that represent
meanings and ideas. Profusion means dealing with vast variety or say complex network.
a. Technical code suggests a focus on practical function.
b. Verbalism is negative and implies excessive use of words.
c. Macro generaliser doesn’t reflect the intricate structure of language.
18. (c): Public service communication should be accurate, comprehensive, and objective. It should separate opinion
and facts to avoid bias and misinformation. Other options are not acceptable.
19. (a): A, B, C Only
Marshall McLuhan categorized media into ‘hot’ and ‘cool’ based on their level of emotional
engagement and sensory involvement. Hot media, like telephone, television, radio, and
cinema, are considered low in sensory involvement and require active participation from the
audience to fill in gaps and create meaning.
Print, on the other hand, is considered a ‘cool’ medium due to its high sensory involvement.
The reader has more control over the pace and information they consume, leading to a less
emotionally-charged experience.
20. (a): Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
Statement I: The internet physically consists of cables, routers, and servers and also interactions and
communities.
Statement II: This concept by media scholars like Mark Poster highlights the shift from traditional, one-way
media like television and radio to interactive platforms where users actively engage and contribute.
21. (a): ATQ, we will calculate savings for 2021, then take the difference and calculate the percentage increase.
Savings = Income – Expenditure
Savings in 2020 = Income in 2020 – Expenditure in 2020
= 65,000 – 45,000 = ?20,000
Income in 2021 (with 15% increase over 2020)
= 100 + 15% = 115
The actual income with an increase of 15% in 2021 
Savings in 2021 = 74,750 – 48,150 = 26,600
Difference in savings = 26,600 – 20,000 = 6,600
Thus, (a) is the answer.
22. (b): We need to move in a reverse manner - with third number first to deal with.
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car: This is not correct because 35 (bus) is not ‘slightly more than twice’ 18 (car).
c. Slightly more people indicated that they travelled to work by bus than by car: This is correct.
There are more people who indicated traveling by bus (35) than by car (18).
d. Slightly fewer people indicated that they travelled to work by car than by bus: This is not
correct because there are more people who indicated traveling by car than by bus.
Thus, (c) is the correct answer.
4. (b): ATQ, first calculate the total number of travellers = 72 (Cycle) + 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) + 55 (Walk) = 180
Now, look at options whose total matches with 90.
A. Cycle and Car = 72 + 18 =90
B. Bus and Car = 35 + 18 = 53
C. Walk and Bus = 55 + 35 = 90
D. Walk and Cycle = 35 + 72 = 107
Thus, A and C matches 90. Thus, (b) is the answer.
5. (d): Number of people who cycled to work = 72
Number of people who travelled by bus or car = 18 (Car) + 35 (Bus) = 53
The difference between those who cycled and those who travelled by bus or car is 72 – 53 = 19.
Thus, (d) is the correct answer.
6. (b)
Statement 1: Actually, the learner-centred approach focuses on the needs and interests of the learner, not the
teacher. It aims to make them active participants in their learning process, not passive recipients of
information. Therefore, Statement I is incorrect.
Statement 2: Though the learner input is valuable, but through ‘cooperative determination of the subject
matter’ things are not left over to the sole discretion of learners only. Educators and curriculum guidelines are
always given the authority over decisions of subject matter. Therefore, Statement II is also incorrect.
7. (a): Scaffolding: This concept is often attributed to the educational psychologist Lev Vygotsky. The Zone of
Proximal (ZPD) is also linked with it. It is basically a structured support to the learner which can take the forms
of explanations, prompts, modelling, or hints. It is a gradual approach to build the confidence of learner with an
objective of making them independent and self-reliant.
Accommodation: Modifying existing knowledge or mental frameworks to incorporate new information or
experiences.
Schemas: Mental frameworks or organized structures that help individuals process and understand new
information and experiences.
8. (a): SWAYAM PRABHA is an education learning platform initiated by the Ministry of Human Resources and
Development (now Ministry of Education), so the correct answer is (a).
9. (c): Let’s compare all the options so that such MCQs can be solved in the future exams also.
a. Accommodation: This involves modifying existing schemas to fit new experiences.
b. Assimilation: This involves fitting new experiences into existing schemas without changing
the schemas themselves.
c. Adaptation: Adaptation is the broader process that includes both assimilation and
accommodation. The new information is integrated into existing schemas.
d. Equilibration: This shows a kind of dynamism in the Piaget’s theory of cognitive
development. Equilibration suggests that learning and intellectual growth occur as individuals
continually move between states of equilibrium and disequilibrium. Disequilibrium is an issue
linked with fitting them into existing schemas that is a stage of cognitive conflict or
confusion. Equilibrium is linked with accommodation. Thus, they integrate new information
into existing knowledge in a harmonious manner. That results in more effective learning.
10. (c): (Hilda) Taba’s Model focus on the development of cognitive skills and processes through a problem-solving
approach.
Open Classroom Model: This philosophical model focuses on student autonomy and flexible learning
spaces, not specifically technical and scientific education.
Weinstein and Fantini Model: This model focuses on social and cultural factors in curriculum development,
not technical and scientific content.
Roger’s Model of Interpersonal Relations: This education philosophy focuses on communication and
relationships, not curriculum development.
11. (c): Sociology: Survey research involves collecting data through questionnaires or interviews, which is a
common method used in sociology to understand various social phenomena like demographics, attitudes, and
behaviours. We need to recall that positivism was also started in Sociology by Auguste Comte.
Physics, History, and Hermeneutics primarily rely on different methods like observation, analysis of historical
documents, and interpretation of texts, respectively.
12. (a): Social reality is basically the set of shared beliefs, norms, and constructs which are collectively accepted by
individuals in a society. With this, they try to interpret and understand their social world. The caste system in
India is an example of this concept. The surveys, interviews, or ethnographic studies are the examples of social
research that is done for the sake of social reality.
13. (d): Higher level of abstraction: The abstraction focuses on essentials and underlying principles. It manages
complexity and it fosters on creative and innovative thinking. This may take place in art, education philosophies,
mathematics, social sciences and so on.
Abstraction is basically cognitive and thus, automatically happens at the highest level of thinking. Grand
theories in social sciences, like functionalism or conflict theory, aim to explain broad patterns and dynamics in
societies. This requires operating at a level of abstraction that transcends specific contexts and focuses on
general principles.
Other lower options may be used for specific hypotheses or research questions within a broader theoretical
framework.
14. (d): This includes B, C, D and E.
A. Non-purposive: Non-purposive usually means non probability. Non-purposive sampling can
still be used in certain qualitative research scenarios, especially in exploratory or preliminary
phases.
B. Causes and consequences: We try to understand the relationships between phenomena.
C. Predictive: Making predictions is mainly the duty of quantitative research.
D. Evaluative: This is often linked with subjective elements and involves content analysis and
interpretation.
E. Descriptive: They aim to provide detailed descriptions and understandings of phenomena,
behaviours, experiences, or social contexts.
Here, A, D and E appeal to qualitative research questions. (Though there is scope of subjective differentiations
in this question).
15. (d)
Statement I: This states that ‘Time and cost are not relevant in determining the sample size’ is false. The
researchers often need to balance the desired accuracy of the results with the available time and resources
Statement II: Unit non-response (persons, organisations etc) does not matter in deciding the sampling error).
Item non response means partial availability of information. The non-response can be biased also and thus
contribute to sampling error.
Thus, the correct answer is (b). Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
16. (d): Cybernetics is the study of feedback systems in complex systems, including humans, animals, and
machines. It examines how information is used to control and regulate behaviour or processes.
a. Feedback science is too general.
b. Experience study is mostly experience-based.
c. Message Hermeneutics focuses on interpretation of messages.
17. (b): Ferdinand de Saussure viewed language as a system of signs (words, sounds, symbols) that represent
meanings and ideas. Profusion means dealing with vast variety or say complex network.
a. Technical code suggests a focus on practical function.
b. Verbalism is negative and implies excessive use of words.
c. Macro generaliser doesn’t reflect the intricate structure of language.
18. (c): Public service communication should be accurate, comprehensive, and objective. It should separate opinion
and facts to avoid bias and misinformation. Other options are not acceptable.
19. (a): A, B, C Only
Marshall McLuhan categorized media into ‘hot’ and ‘cool’ based on their level of emotional
engagement and sensory involvement. Hot media, like telephone, television, radio, and
cinema, are considered low in sensory involvement and require active participation from the
audience to fill in gaps and create meaning.
Print, on the other hand, is considered a ‘cool’ medium due to its high sensory involvement.
The reader has more control over the pace and information they consume, leading to a less
emotionally-charged experience.
20. (a): Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
Statement I: The internet physically consists of cables, routers, and servers and also interactions and
communities.
Statement II: This concept by media scholars like Mark Poster highlights the shift from traditional, one-way
media like television and radio to interactive platforms where users actively engage and contribute.
21. (a): ATQ, we will calculate savings for 2021, then take the difference and calculate the percentage increase.
Savings = Income – Expenditure
Savings in 2020 = Income in 2020 – Expenditure in 2020
= 65,000 – 45,000 = ?20,000
Income in 2021 (with 15% increase over 2020)
= 100 + 15% = 115
The actual income with an increase of 15% in 2021 
Savings in 2021 = 74,750 – 48,150 = 26,600
Difference in savings = 26,600 – 20,000 = 6,600
Thus, (a) is the answer.
22. (b): We need to move in a reverse manner - with third number first to deal with.
Third number is 2960, so 2nd number .
23. (b): Let assume the amount of gratuity = ?300, this figure of ?300 has been taken as it is easier for the sake of
calculation. (we can take any figure such as ?‘X’ or ?1 also).
Return on ?= 7% of 75 = ?5.25
3rd part = ?300 – (100 + 75) = ?125
Return on 3rd part = 8% of 125 = ?10
Thus, total return = 6 + 5.25 + 10 = 21.25
In case the actual return is ?7012.5, then total 
24. (c)
Similarly
25 (d): The series 7, 10, 19, 46, 127 follows a pattern in the differences between consecutive numbers. These
differences are 3, 9, 27, and 81 which are actually multiples of 3, specifically 3
1
, 3
2
, 3
3
, 3
4
 and lastly 3
5
 which is
243.
Thus, the answer is 127 + 243 = 370
26. (b): The fallacy committed in the argument is ‘Red herring’, that brings suspicious or irrelevant information to
distract from the main issue or argument.