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Why we don't write chemical formula of some compounds like carboxylic as COOH and not as CO2H? - Class 10 PDF Download

Why we don't write chemical formula of some compounds like carboxylic as COOH and not as CO2H?
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There are many different ways of writing down chemical formulae - and ultimately they are all aiming for communication. In the context of chemistry, this is either trying to communicate what a molecule will do, or what its structure is (which are closely interlinked).

A carboxyl group is asymetric with a carbon double bonded to an oxygen, and a hydroxyl group attached (which interacts with the double bond in interesting ways). The most likely things to happen are:

  1. The terminal hydrogen can get pulled off, to make a (symmetric) carboxylate anion
  2. The double bond is attacked (by a nucleophile), and the OH group may then fall off

The choice of structure used indicates both the structure and the available behaviour. In particular, if either the hydrogen, or hydroxyl, leave the remainder of the written structure is not intrusively modified.

There are many different ways to draw (almost any) molecule, and the method used will depend on what the context is.

Why we don`t write chemical formula of some compounds like carboxylic as COOH and not as CO2H? - Class 10
Why we don`t write chemical formula of some compounds like carboxylic as COOH and not as CO2H? - Class 10
Generally the important parts of the molecule are given the most structural detail, and the “inert” or “unimportant” ones are abbreviated. Note that unimportant depends on the context. But, in general, there are very few occasions that a carboxyl group would be abbreviated on its own, without being combined with other molecular components.

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FAQs on Why we don't write chemical formula of some compounds like carboxylic as COOH and not as CO2H? - Class 10

1. Why is the chemical formula of carboxylic acid written as COOH and not as CO2H?
Ans. The chemical formula of carboxylic acids, such as acetic acid (CH3COOH), is written as COOH instead of CO2H to represent the functional group present in the compound. The COOH group is known as the carboxyl group, which consists of a carbon atom (C) bonded to an oxygen atom (O) through a double bond and to a hydroxyl group (OH) by a single bond. Writing it as CO2H would inaccurately represent the structure and bonding of the carboxyl group.
2. What is the significance of the carboxyl group in carboxylic acids?
Ans. The carboxyl group (COOH) in carboxylic acids is a highly reactive functional group that plays a crucial role in various chemical reactions. It is responsible for the acidic properties of carboxylic acids, as it can easily donate a proton (H+) to a base. The carboxyl group also participates in esterification reactions, where it combines with an alcohol to form an ester.
3. Can carboxylic acids exist without the carboxyl group?
Ans. No, carboxylic acids cannot exist without the carboxyl group. The carboxyl group is what defines a compound as a carboxylic acid. It is the presence of this functional group that gives carboxylic acids their unique chemical properties and characteristics. Without the carboxyl group, the compound would not exhibit the acidic nature and reactivity associated with carboxylic acids.
4. Are there any other compounds with similar functional groups to carboxylic acids?
Ans. Yes, there are compounds with similar functional groups to carboxylic acids. One such group is the carbonyl group (C=O), which is found in aldehydes and ketones. While aldehydes have a carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, ketones have a carbonyl group in the middle of a carbon chain. The presence of the carbonyl group gives these compounds distinct chemical properties.
5. How are carboxylic acids named?
Ans. Carboxylic acids are named using a systematic nomenclature called the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) system. In this system, the longest carbon chain in the compound is identified, and the suffix "-oic acid" is added to the name of the corresponding alkane. For example, methane becomes methanoic acid, ethane becomes ethanoic acid, and so on. Substituents attached to the carbon chain are named and numbered accordingly to indicate their position relative to the carboxyl group.
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