(i) What is a janapada?
(a) A type of ritual sacrifice
(b) A territory where people settled and lived
(c) A religious text
(ii) What were the two important developments in agriculture during this period?
(a) Invention of the wheel and use of bronze tools
(b) Use of iron tools and paddy transplantation
(c) Introduction of paper money and new farming techniques
(iii) Which two new religions became popular during this period?
(a) Hinduism and Islam
(b) Jainism and Buddhism
(c) Christianity and Judaism
(iv) What was the main occupation of people during this period?
(a) Trading
(b) Agriculture
(c) Mining
(v) Why did some people object to the varna system?
(a) Because it was based on skills
(b) Because it was hereditary
(c) Because they believed varna should not determine a person's status
(i) The kings used income from ________ for paying the soldiers.
(ii) The Republic of ________ was an example of a ganasangha.
(iii) ________ were the groups into which people were classified in the varna system.
(iv) The use of iron tools like ploughshares made it easier to cultivate the ________ soil.
(v) The Republic of Vajji consisted of eight confederated ________.
(i) The varna system was hereditary and based on birth.
(ii) Jainism and Buddhism were the established religions during this period.
(iii) The Republic of Vajji had a single monarch.
(iv) The use of iron tools did not have a significant impact on agriculture.
(v) The term "janapadas" refers to places where people settled and lived.
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